初中英语外研版八年级下册M4U1预习指导（知识点+练习题）.doc

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1、八年级英语下册 M4U1预习指导一、知识点1.see the doctor 看医生Eg: I feel awful, I think I need to see the doctor.我感到不舒服，我觉得我需要去看医生。2.ill (形容词) “不健康的；有病的”-(名词) illness “疾病”ill级的变化：（比较级）worse - （最高级）worstfeel ill 生病Eg: He cant come to the meeting, because he is ill today.= He cant come to the meeting because of illness to

2、day.因为今天他生病了所以他不能来开会。ill “有病的”作表语，不作定语，后接with和from表原因，若ill作定语，表“恶劣的；邪恶的”sick“生病的”在句中作定语，还可表示“呕吐的，恶心的”sick后可用with表原因Eg: That ill woman killed her own daughter.那位邪恶的女士杀了她自己的女儿。My daughter was sick with a cold.我女儿生病感冒了。3.have (got) a stomachache 胃痛；肚子疼Eg: She has got a stomachache.她肚子疼。4.hurt(动词) “疼痛”当

3、疼痛部位作主语时为不及物动词Eg: My legs hurt.我腿疼。当人作主语，宾语为受伤部位时，为及物动词。Eg: I hurt my leg.我伤了我的腿。头痛的表达方法：Eg: My head hurts.= I have a headache.= I have a pain in my head.我头疼。5.How long have you been like this ?你这样多久了？6.since Friday 从星期五开始Since 后可接表时间短语也可接句子Eg: She has started to learn English since she was five yea

4、rs old.她从五岁时开始学英语。She has lived here since 2000.她从2000年住在这。7.I see. 我明白了。/ 我懂了。8.catch a cold(强调动作)= have a cold(强调状态) 感冒各种疾病表达：have a bad cold 患重感冒have a sore throat 喉咙痛have a fever 发烧have a headache 头痛have a cough 咳嗽have a toothache 牙痛9.I (dont) think so. 我（不）这样认为。I think so. 我这样认为。10.take ones te

5、mperature 测量体温Eg: You need to take your temperature first.你需要先量一下体温。11.Theres no fever. 没发烧。12.What kind of food 哪种食物Eg: What kind of food do you want?你想要哪种食物？Kind用法：Kind (名词) “种类”常用短语：a kind of . “一种.”；all kinds of . “各种各样的.”Different kinds of. “不同种类的.”Eg: There are all kinds of books in the librar

6、y.“图书馆中有各种各样的书。”Kind (形容词) “善良的”用来形容人的品格Eg: She is a kind girl.“她是一个善良的女孩。”Kind of “.稍微；有点儿”注意：后面常接形容词Eg: The little panda is kind of cute. “这个小熊猫有点可爱。”13.Have breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃早/午/晚饭Have a/an + 形容词 + breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 吃一顿.早/午/晚饭Have .for breakfast/ lunch/ dinner 早/午/晚饭吃.Eg: She had

7、a quick breakfast. 她吃了一顿快速的早饭。She has milk and bread for breakfast.她早饭喝牛奶吃面包。14.not usually 通常不15.fast food 快餐Eg: We shouldnt fast food all the time.我们不应该一直吃快餐。16.Thats the problem. 这就是问题。17.Thats why 那就是的原因Eg: Thats why hes late.那就是他迟到的原因。18.exercise (不可数名词) 锻炼；运动do/ take some exercise 做运动exercise(

8、可数名词) 练习Eg: I have two exercises to do today.我今天要做两个练习。exercise (动词) 运动；锻炼Eg: How often do you exercise every day?你每天做多少次运动？19.too many + 可数名词复数“太多”Eg: There are too many people in the park.公园里有太多的人。too much + 不可数名词 “太多”Eg: He has too much homework to do .他有太多作业要做。much too + 形容词 “太”Eg: The book is m

9、uch too dear.这本书太贵了。20.Spend 时间 + on sth. 花时间在某事上Spend 时间 + doing sth. 花时间做某事Eg: She spent two hours cleaning the room.她花两个小时打扫房间。21.In front of 与 in the front of 区别：In front of “在.前面（在内部）”In the front of “在.前面（在外部）”Eg: There is a tree in front of the classroom. “教室的前面有一棵树。”There is a blackboard in

10、the front of the classroom. “教室的前面有一块黑板。”22.be harmful to 对有害harm (动词) “伤害”- harmful (形容词) 有害的- harmless (形容词) 无害的 - harmfully (副词) 有害地Eg: Eating too much chocolate is harmful to your health.吃太多巧克力对你的健康有害。23.be in good/bad health 身体（不）好health (名词) 健康 - healthy (形容词) 健康的- healthily (副词) 健康地 - unhealt

11、hy (形容词) 不健康的Eg: My grandparents are in good health.我的祖父母身体很好。24.What should I do ?我该怎么做？25.Dont worry. 别担心。Be worried about . 担心.Eg: She is worried about her exam.她很担心她的考试。26.Its not serious. 不严重。27.stop to do sth. 停下来做另一件事Eg: Im tired, I should stop to have a rest.我累了，我应该停下来休息一下。stop doing sth. 停止

12、正在做的事Eg: The students stop talking and begin to have lessons.学生们停止聊天开始上课。28.Take some medicine 吃药29.three times a day 一天三次就其提问用how often开头Eg: - How often should I take this medicine?- Twice a day.- 这个药一天吃几次？- 一天两次。30.祈使句：动词原形 + 其它Eg: Stop talking, please.请不要说了。Let sb.do sth.Eg: Let us go home now.现在

13、让我们回家吧。否定祈使句：Dont + 动词原形Eg: Dont be late.别迟到。No + sth.或 No + V-ing.Eg: No photos.禁止拍照。Eg: No smoking.禁止吸烟。固定短语：Beg your pardon.请原谅。二、练习题一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词1.The little boy had a bad cold and _ (咳嗽) seriously yesterday.2.Mary has a high f_.She cant go to school now.3.The old man has a _ (头疼) these da

14、ys.4.I have a s_ ache and I dont want to eat anything.5.My uncle is feeling _ (不健康的) now, he must go to see the doctor.6.Eat more fruit and vegetables.They are good for your h_.7.How long have you been like _ (这)?8.I have learnt English s_ I was five years old.9.My arm _ (疼痛) badly.10.Too much choco

15、late is h_ to your health.二、用所给词的适当形式填空11.He has _ (be) ill for about three days.12.My grandparents do some _ (exercise) every morning.13.You must take the medicine three _ (time) a day.14._ (swim) is my favourite sport.15.The girl _ (catch) a bad cold yesterday.16.The doctor has already _ (take) hi

16、s temperature.17.Stop _ (talk) and lets begin our class.18._ (not play) around here.Your father is sleeping now.19.Smoking is _ (harm) to your health.20.You must do more exercise to keep _ (health).三、单项选择( )21.- _ have you been in this school?- Since I was fifteen years old.A.How long B.How farC.How

17、 soon D.How often( )22.Ann has a _, and she is going to see her dentist today.A.cold B.fever C.cough D.toothache( )23.You should _ this medicine twice a day.A.cost B.pay C.take D.make( )24.- I am feeling awful now.- How long have you been like _?A.it B.one C.this D.these( )25.You look tired.Youd bet

18、ter stop _ and have a rest.A.to work B.worked C.working D.work( )26.I have been here _ three years.A.for B.since C.after D.during( )27.Thats _ there are lots of lost and found office in the world.A.what B.when C.why D.because( )28.What about _ a picnic this Sunday?A.to have B.have C.has D.having( )2

19、9.We need to take _ exercise and eat _ vegetables every day.A.much; much B.much; many C.many; much D.many; many( )30.It is important to _ your health.A.look for B.look likeC.look at D.look after四、翻译句子31.我发烧时每天都量体温。I _ _ _ every day when I had a fever.32.我一天吃三次药。I _ the medicine _ _ _ _.33.你在电脑前干什么？W

20、hat are you doing _ _ _ the computer?34.倒入水中的废水对鱼有害。Waste water dumped into the river _ _ _ the fish.35.不要每天吃快餐。Dont _ _ _ every day.五、补全对话A: Good morning.36._B: Im not feeling well.My head hurts.A: 37._B: For about a week.A: Let me take your temperature.( A few minutes later.)A: Theres nothing seri

21、ous.38._B: No, I dont.A: What do you usually do at night?B: 39._A: How long do you usually watch TV?B: For about six hours.A: Thats the problem! Thats too long! 40._B: OK, I will.Thank you, doctor.A.I usually watch TV.B.Whats the matter with you?C.Do you get enough sleep at night?D.How long have you

22、 been like this?E.You should get enough sleep and then you will be OK.六、阅读理解When I was a kid, I often played basketball.So I was thin but healthy.When I was about 15, I stopped playing basketball.I also started to drink a lot of drinks high in sugar and eat much more than before.Between 15 and 17, I

23、 put on a lot of weight - about 50 kg.I didnt know how fat I was till I saw a photo one day.In the photo, I had a fat neck and my stomach was out there.I didnt like the way I looked.I knew I needed to lose some weight.I started to drink only water, and eat less and healthier food.I ate mainly vegeta

24、bles and only one piece of meat every day, and stayed away from sugar.I also started to exercise.Every day, I ran for 30 minutes first, and then I did some push-ups (俯卧撑) for 10 minutes.I also jumped rope (跳绳) for 15 minutes every day.I kept exercising all the winter.When March came, many people sai

25、d to me, “Oh, Dave, youve been a different person!”It was true.I lost 25kg in three months.I liked taking photos, and I noticed the difference in my looks.I loved the three months.It felt good to lose weight.And it felt even better to set a goal (目标) and go for it.( )41.Dave put on a lot of weight p

26、artly because he _.A.got too much workB.took some medicineC.drank unhealthy drinksD.didnt have enough sleep( )42.Dave decided to lose weight when _.A.he lost a basketball gameB.he saw a photo of himselfC.the doctor asked him to do soD.his friends were angry with him.( )43.In a day, which kind of exe

27、rcise did Dave do for the most time?A.Running B.Playing basketballC.Push - upsD.Rope jumping( )44.When Dave heard the underlined sentence, he probably felt _.A.happy B.angry C.worried D.calm( )45.What can we learn from Daves story?A.Hobby is the best teacher.B.Success comes from hard work.C.Its neve

28、r too late to lose weight.D.Sports help a person stay young.附：参考答案一、1.coughed 2.fever 3.headache 4.stomach 5.ill6.health 7.this 8.since 9.hurts 10.harmful二、11.been 12.exercise 13.times 14.Swimming 15.caught16.taken 17.talking 18.Dont play 19.harmful 20.healthy三、21 - 25 ADCCC 26 - 30 ACDBD四、31.took my temperature32.took ; three times a day33.in front of34.is harmful to35.have/eat fast food五、37 - 40 BDCAE六、41 - 45 CBAAB8