初中英语外研版八年级下册M4U3预习指导（知识点+练习题）.doc

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1、八年级英语下册 M4U3预习指导一、知识点一、语法:现在完成时（三）（一）表示动作或状态从过去某时开始，一直延续至今，可能刚刚结束，也可能继续下去。常与for或since引导的时间状语（从句）连用。用how long提问，谓语动词用延续性动词。for + 时间段Eg: I lived here for about ten years.我住在这大约十年了。since + 时间点：Eg: We have been very busy since the new term began.我们从新学期开始一直很忙。since + 从句（一般过去时）Eg: I have learnt English si

2、nce I was 5 years old.我从5岁学英语。（二）短暂性动词不能与表示一段时间状语连用短暂性动词变延续性动词的情况：begin(start) - be on; go there - be there;come back - be back; come here - be here;open - be open; close - be close;die - be dead; marry - be married;finish - be over; go to bed - be in bed;leave - be away; return - be back;get out -

3、be out; fall asleep - be asleep;lose - be lost; fall ill - be ill;borrow - keep; put on - wear/ be on;become - be; get to know - know;buy - have (own); receive - have;catch a cold - have a cold;go to sleep - sleepEg: I have borrowed that book for one month.()- I have kept that book for one month. ()

4、我已经借这本书一个月了。瞬间动词可用于现在完成时中，但不可接一段时间。知识讲解1.Have a healthy diet 有健康的饮食Eg: We should have a healthy diet.我们应该有一个健康的饮食。2.In the last three days 在过去的三天里3.For the first time 第一次4.in hospital “住院”强调事情，说明生病了in/ at the hospital “在医院里”强调地点Eg: Her grandma is in hospital now. 他的奶奶正在住院。Lily works in the hospital.

5、 丽丽在医院工作。5.finally = at last 最后Eg: Finally, she arrived there on time.最后，她按时到那了。6.ride a bike 骑自行车7.start doing sth.= start to do sth. 开始做某事Eg: She started learning English at the age of five.她五岁时开始学英语。8.Thats it. 正是如此。9.from time to time 不时；偶尔Eg: Stand up and do some exercise from time to time.偶尔站起

6、来做做运动。10.choose sb.to do sth. 选择某人做某事Eg: I want to choose Lily to be our monitor.我想选丽丽做我们的班长。11.in the past 在过去Eg: I went to school by bus in the past.我过去坐公交上学。12.set up 创建；设立；开办Eg: Our teacher wants to set up a girls football team.我们老师想创办一个女子足球队。13.Develop (动词) “发展；培养”- development (名词) “发展”- devel

7、oping (形容词) “发展中的”- developed (形容词) “发达的”Eg: Develop their independence 培养他们的独立With the development of IT, we can get information easily.随着IT的发展，我们可以很容易的得到信息。China is a developing country.中国是一个发展中国家。America is a developed country.美国是个发达国家。14.take care of = look after 照顾；照看take care = be careful = lo

8、ok out 小心；注意Eg: You must take good care of yourself.你必须好好照顾自己。三、写作本模块写作主题“有关健康生活并针对病情提出合理建议”（一）常见短语：Feel awful 感动不舒服Be harmful to 对有害Fast food 快餐食物In excellent condition 健康状况很好Do some exercise 做锻炼（二）常见句型：The doctor advises me to drink more water. 医生建议我多喝水。You should eat healthy food, dont eat junk f

9、ood. 你应该吃健康食物，不要吃垃圾食品。Its important to have eight or nine hours sleep every night. 每晚有8到9小时睡眠很重要。（三）写作步骤：第一步：确认时态为一般过去时、现在完成时或一般现在时第二步：描述状况第三步：重点描述原因及对策第四步：当前现状（四）范文去年6月，你的各个刘健，突然感觉头疼。去看医生，检查后是因为电脑前时间过长导致。他接受了医生的建议：少玩电脑，多锻炼。如今，他的身体状况良好。Last June, my brother Liu Jian had a bad headache and had a pain

10、 in his back.He saw a docor.The doctor checked him carefully and then found that he spent too much time in front of the computer.The doctor advised him to play fewer computer games and do more exercise.He took the doctors advice.Since then, doing exercise has become part of his life.Now, he feels he

11、althier and healthier.He lives happily every day.二、练习题一、单项选择( )1.- Could I borrow your bike?- How long have you _ it?A.borrowed B.lent C.kept D.had( )2.Her grandfather _ for five days.A.has fallen ill B.has been ill C.fell ill D.was ill( )3.Our English teacher _ us since three years ago.A.has taught

12、 B.is teaching C.taught D.teaches( )4.They _ from hometown for over two years.A.have left B.was away C.have been away D.have away( )5.The shop _ for many years.A.opened B.was opened C.has opened D.has been open( )6.The movie _ for five minutes when I arrived at the cinema.A.began B.have been on C.ha

13、s began D.was on( )7.- How long has your brother been a soldier?- _A.In five years time B.For five years agoC.Since five years D.Since last year( )8.I have been in China _ 2008.A.since B.for C.in D.until( )9.- How long _ you _ in this school?- For three years.A.have; studied B.do; study C.will; stud

14、ied D.did; studying( )10.- When did Mr.Wang _?- He _ for two years.A.died; died B.died; has died C.die; has died D.die; has been dead二、翻译句子11.-你怎么了？ -我感觉不太舒服。- _ _ _ _? - I feel awful.12.吉姆的叔叔偶尔去跳舞。Jims uncle goes dancing _ _ _ _.13.政府成立了一个工作组来调查这个问题。The government _ _ a working party to look into t

15、he problem.14.你要花多久完成你的作业？_ _ does it take you to finish your homework?15.你喜欢跑步吗？Do you enjoy _ _?三、阅读理解Im my mothers third girl.When I was born, the doctor gently explained to my mother that my left arm was missing, below the elbow(肘).Then she gave her some advice, “Dont treat her any differently f

16、orm others.” And she did.There are five girls in my family, and we all had to help out.Once when I was about seven, I came out of the kitchen, “Mum, I cant peel potatoes.I only have one hand.” “Get back to peel these potatoes, and dont ever use that as an excuse for anything again!”Of course I could

17、 peel potatoes - with my good hand and my other arm.“Jenny, if you try hard,” she said, “ you can do anything.”Once in the second grade, our teacher had each of us race across the monkey bar (攀爬架).When it was my turn, I said no.Some kids laughed.I went home crying.The next afternoon Mum took me back

18、 to the school playground.“Now, pull up with your right arm,” She advised.She praised me when I made progress.Ill never forget when I was crossing the bar, the kids were standing there with their mouths open.It was the way with everything.Mum had the courage to face anything.And she taught me I coul

19、d, too.根据内容判断正误，正（T），误（F）( )16.The writer has four sisters.( )17.The doctors advice means that the mum should treat the writer the same as others.( )18.The writers mum peeled the potatoes at last.( )19.Mum didnt take the writer back to the school playground the next day.( )20.Mum gave the writer the

20、 courage to face anything.四、写作假如你是Tom, 你在美国的朋友Tony生病了，请你写一封电子邮件，并告诉他做如下事情：see a doctor, eat healthy food, have more fruit and vegetables, get enough sleep, stay happy附：参考答案一、1 - 5 CBACD 6 - 10 BDAAD二、11.Whats wrong with you12.from time to time13.set up14.How long15.going running三、16 - 20 TTFFT四、Dear

21、 Tony,Im sorry to hear you are ill.You have a fever and had a headache.You should see a doctor first.Then you drink more water, eat healthy food, and have more fruit and vegetables.You should get enough sleep and stay happy.You shouldnt study when you are too tired.Its not good for your health.I hope youll be better soon.Best wishes!Yours,Tom6