2021年2月江西华东交通大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）.pdf

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1、【考研英语】2021年2月江西华东交通大学研究生招生考试英语练习题100道（附答案解析）第1题【单选题】They plan to the run-down house in a year/s time.0A、reviveB、renovateC、replaceD、remove【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他们计划在一年时间内翻修这所旧房子。renovate意为“修复；整修一新；revive意为“使复兴，振兴”；replace意为 放回，把 放回原处；remove意为 移开，挪开，拿走第2题【单选题】This Convention shall be subject to ratification

2、 or acceptance by thesignatory States.A、本公约的生效取决于签字国的批准或接受。B、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为生效条件。C、本公约须以签字国批准或接受为条件。D、本公约须经签字国批准或接受。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答 案 选D o本题考查的知识点为法律文书的特点。无论是英语还是汉语，法律文件有一些共同的特点。英语 常 用shall,whereof,hereinafter等，汉语则常用“本公约须 ，”应.，可.，“均等词语。第3题【单选题】What would have h a p p e n e d,as far as the river bankA、

3、Bob had walked fartherB if Bob should walk fartherC had Bob walked fartherD、if Bob walked farther【正确答案】C【答案解析】当if引导的虚拟条件从句的谓语动词含有were,had,could,should等词时，可将这些词提至句首，而 将if省去,从而构成倒装句式.第4题【单选题】For their own safety,household pets should be confined to their ownyard.A、tamedB、regainedC、restrictedD、containe

4、d【正确答案】C【答案解析】confine限制。restrict限制,约束。参考课文：为了自身安全，家养究物应该关在主人自己的后院中。第5题【单选题】She took her in her arms and tried to comfort her.A、proveB、overlookC eliminateD、ease【正确答案】D【答案解析】com fort使（痛苦等）缓和；ease减轻，缓和。第6题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on the goods and servicesthat we export,the investm

5、ent that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指 经济大国，是近几年才出现的一种用法。第7题【单选题】We rely more than any other major economy on t

6、he goods and servicesthat we export,the investment that we attract and we make abroad.A、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。B、英国比世界上其他主要经济更依赖商品和服务出口的投资、引资。C、英国对出口的商品和服务以及对投资和引资的依赖比世界上其他主要经济更甚。D、英国对商品和服务出口以及对投资和引资的依赖超过了世界上任何其他经济大国。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o本题主要考查经济的专业术语。原文中的economy指“经济大国,是近几年才出现的一种用法。第8题【单选题】

7、Parents often decide on the basis of what their children want.Cathy,amother told us,“My children have packed lunches,because they saythey hate school dinners.I make 3 packed lunches every morning,so ourkitchen is like a sandwich bar in the morning/However,another mother,Susan made her choice based o

8、n the nutritious value of the food.Shesaid,“My daughter always has school dinners.I think she probably getshealthier food by having a cooked lunch at school than she would if Imade a few sandwiches/Which of the following is TRUE according to thepassage?A、Katz thinks chips are good for his kids.B、Sus

9、ans daughter likes eating sandwiches.C、Cathy may have at least three children.D、Jamie likes burgers and pizzas.【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C o细节查找并简单推断题。从本段，特别是 I make 3 packed lunches every morning 可知 Cathy 有三个孩子在上学，有没有不上学的孩子不得而知，故选项C为最佳选项。其他三项均与原文意思不符。第9题【单选题】When and where to build the new factory yet.A is n

10、ot decidedB are not decidedC、has not decidedD、have not decided【正确答案】A【答案解析】When and where to build the new factory 是主语,视作单数，所以谓语动词用单数形式。同时这句话还要用被动语态，所以答案是A。第10题【单选题】This the last place where I expected to meet you.A、这是我最后一次见到你的地方。B、我希望在最不可能的地方见到你。C、我怎么也没有料到会在这个地方见到你。D、我期望最后会在此与你重逢。【正确答案】C【答案解析】答案选C。

11、本题考查“the last place的意译。第11题【单选题】Once the characteristics for surviving salty soil are known,Flowers andYeo will try to breed the appropriate genes into all manners of crops andplants.Land that has been abandoned to nature will then be able tobloom again,providing much needed food in the poorer count

12、ries of theworld.The attitude of the author towards the research project is.A、positive.B、negative.C、suspicious.D、indifferent.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。作者在本段中对二人研究的结果给予了展望，态度是积极的。所以，选择A。第 12题解答题Many animals test their legs and totter forth only hours after they areborn,but humans need a year before they take

13、 their first,hesitant steps.Is something fundamentally different going on in human babies?Maybenot.(1)A new study shows that the time it takes for humans and allother mammals to start walking fits closely with the size of theirbrains.(2)ln past studies to develop a new animal model for the brains in

14、events that support motor development,neurophysiologist MartinGarwicz discovered that the schedules by which ferrets and rats acquirevarious motor skills,such as crawling and walking,are strikingly similar toeach other;the progress simply happens faster for rats.That made themwonder how similar the

15、timing of motor development might be amongmammals in general.(3)They compared the time between conceptionand walking in 24 species and looked at how well this durationcorrelated with a range of variables,including gestationtime,adult bodymass,and adult brain mass.As they report in this weeks issue o

16、f PNAS,brain mass accounts for the vast majority(94%)of the variance inwalking time between species.Species with larger brains,such as humans,tend to take longer to learn to walk.(4)Strikinglyz a model based on adultbrain mass and walking time in the other 23species almost perfectlypredicts when hum

17、ans begin to walk.Weve always considered humansthe exception,Garwicz says,But in fact,we start walking at exactly thetime that would be expected from all other walking mammals.Twoother variablesgestation time and brain mass at birthalso correlatenicely with age of walking for most animals,but not fo

18、r humans.Thatmakes sense,the researchers say:Humans spend an unusually smallportion of their developmentand build an unusually small fraction oftheir brain mass-in the womb.(5)The model is able to accommodatethis quirk of human development because it uses the time it takes babiesto learn to walk fro

19、m conception,not birth.(At the other extreme,animals such as horses,who have a long gestation and then walk almostimmediately after they are born,also fit the model.）Barbara Finlay,aneuroscientist at Cornell University,says the findings support theexistence of a kind of a development clock for mamma

20、ls.In her ownwork,Finlay has found that various mammals have similar timetables forbrain development before birth.But she had imagined that a postnatalmilestone such as walking would be more idiosyncratic.!was surprised,she says.I thought the clock would start to fracture,It will beinteresting,she s

21、ays,to see if the clock will keep time for latermilestones,such as events related to reproduction.【正确答案】（1）一项新的研究显示，人类和其他所有哺乳动物开始行走的时间与各自的脑容量有着密切的关系。（2）在之前为支持运动神经发育的大脑活动而建立的一个新动物模型的研究中，神经生理学家Martin Garwicz发现，雪貂和小鼠获得不同运动技巧的时间表一一例如攀爬和行走一一彼此具有惊人的相似性，只不过小鼠的发育稍微快一些。（3）他们比较了 2 4个物种的妊娠和开始行走的时间，并且观察这段时期与一系列

22、变量间隔之间的关系，这些变量包括怀孕时间、成年后的体积及成年后的脑容量。很明显，基于其他2 3种物种的成年脑体积及行走时间所建立起来的模型，几乎可以准确地预测人类开始行走的时间。这一模型还能够适用于人类发育的突发事件，这是因为它所考虑的恰好是婴儿在妊娠期学习行走的时间，而非出生之后。第 13题【单选题】In this context,it is important for our two societies to search for areas ofcooperation which clearly add to our mutual benefit.A、在这种上下文里，这是很重要的，我们两

23、个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域。B、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求合作领域，那些对我们两国确实互利的，这是很重要的。C、在这种情景下，对于我们两个社会来说，寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域是很重要的。D、在这种情况下，我们两个社会应该寻求那些对我们两国确实互利的合作领域，这是很重要的。【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D。In this context：在这种情况下；tosearch for areas of cooperation：寻找合作领域；mutual benefit（双方）共同的利益；it 为形式主语，翻译时可以不译，把真实主语不定式提前译。第 14题【单选题】

24、Late one Sunday afternoon in September 1999,Oseola McCarty,anelderly cleaning lady passed away in the little wooden frame housewhere she had lived and worked most of her life.It may seem like anordinary end to a humble life,but there was something quite exceptionalabout this woman.In the summer of 1

25、995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout her life,to the Universityof Southern Mississippi in her hometown.The money was to help otherAfrican Americans through university.She had started her savings habitas a young child when she would return from school to clean and iron

26、formoney which she would then save.This woman shocked and inspired theworld b e c a u s e.A、she had managed to save so much moneyB、she gave her money to African AmericansC、she gave her life savings to help others through universityD、she only spent money on cheap things【正确答案】C【答案解析】only是绝对词，在选项D 中出现，

27、根据经验排除 D；对照原文第一自然段最后一句话there was somethingquite exceptional about this woman 说她有些特别的地方，接着第二自然段就讲 In the summer of 1995,McCarty gave$150,000,most of the money she had saved throughout herlife,to the University of Southern Mississippi in her hometown.她把大部分积攒的钱捐献给了家乡的大学，A 和 B 表达都不全面，答案是Co第 15题【单选题】She

28、had come to England to pursue an acting career.A striveB removeC quitD、chase【正确答案】D【答案解析】pursue继续；从事；追赶；纠缠；chase追逐；追捕。第 16题【单选题】I particularly want to pay tribute,not only to those who prepared themagnificent dinner,but also to those who have provided the splendidmusic.A、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞

29、扬那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。B、我们不仅要特别赞扬那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要赞扬那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。C、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们演奏美好音乐的人。D、我们不仅要特别奖赏那些准备了这次盛大晚宴的人，而且还要奖赏那些为我们提供美好音乐的人。【正确答案】A【答案解析】虽然原文只重复介词t o,译文还是要重复动词“赞扬；此外原文provide 一词比较笼统，译文用“演奏一词更为合适。第17题【单选题】Facing growing costs and shrinking tax,the government is nowthreatenin

30、g to cut funding for environmental protection programs.A、budgetB、collectionC profitD、revenue【正确答案】D【答案解析】revenue收入,税收,尤指国家的岁入。根据题意，正确答案应为D。第18题【单选题】A big population in northern china are suffering a great deal thedry weather across the area in early spring this year.A fromB toC、ofD、in【正确答案】A【答案解析】答案

31、选A。考查介词。suffer from为固定搭配。第19题【单选题】The United States perceives itself to be a middle-class nation.However,middle class is not a real designation,nor does it carry privileges.It ismore of a perception,which probably was as true as it ever could beright a代er World War II.The economy was growing,more an

32、d morepeople owned their own homes,workers had solid contracts with thecompanies that employed them,and nearly everyone who wanted ahigher education could have one.The information in this passage dealswi t h.A、an individualB、a social and economic groupC、a political organizationD、Government【正确答案】B【答案

33、解析】通过阅读本段，middle class中产阶级是一个群体，选答案B。第20题【单选题】Physiologically,we are rhythmical.We must eat,sleep,breathe,and playregularly to maintain good health.Emotionally we are rhythmical,too,for psychologists say that all of us feel alternate periods of relativedepression and exhilaration.Intellectually we a

34、re also rhythmical,for wemust have periods of relaxation following periods of concentration.Itnaturally follows then that rhythm,a fundamental aspect of our lives,must be a part of any good literary work whether poetry orprose.According to the passage,which of the following pairs of activitiesbest i

35、llustrates intellectual rhythm?A、Studying a science book and then studying a psychology bookB、Learning a poem and then taking a napC、Playing ball at the beach and then going swimmingD、Solving a math problem and then solving a chemistry problem【正确答案】B【答案解析】答案选B o 段落的结尾处讲到：在脑力活动方面，我们也同样是有节奏的，因为我们在高度集中

36、精力一段时间以后，必须让脑子有一个松弛的阶段(we must haveperiods of relaxation following periods of concentration)。根据这个信息，A、D 项内容都是高度集中的脑力活动，与原文内容恰好相反；B 项内容是学习诗歌与小睡一会，正好符合原文，一张一弛。而 C 项内容又全是不费脑力的活动，也不符合原文。第21题【单选题】Must I turn off the gas after cooking?Of course.You can never becareful with that.A、enoughB tooC、soD、very【正确答

37、案】B【答案解析】can/could not.too是一个固定搭配，表示 无论怎样也不过分；句意是：一做完饭后一定要把煤气关掉吗?-当然，你越小心越好。第22题【单选题】He was involved working out a plan.A、withB、inC、aboutD、for【正确答案】B【答案解析】句意：他专心致志地制订计划。be involved in：牵涉，涉及到，答案选B o第23题【单选题】There are certain when you must interrupt people who are in themiddle of doing something.A、con

38、ditionsB、situationsC、occasionsD、environments【正确答案】C 答案解析Iconditions状况/条件/情形（与日常生活相关）。situation 形式/局面。occasion 场合/时亥U。environment 环境/外界。第24题【单选题】Belts of parklands line three sides of the area and four large opensquares of lawns and trees break the regularity of the city buildings.A、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪

39、和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。B、三面有公园环绕，区内四大广场有草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调气氛。C、带状的公园为这个区域画了一条三边的线，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的规整性。D、一条条的公园环绕着这个区域的三边，四个开阔的广场的草坪和树木，打破了市区建筑的单调性。【正确答案】B【答案解析】答 案 选B o本题考查的知识点为增词或减词。有时为了行文的需要，可以在译文里增加几个词，或减少几个词。这是因为有些词在一种语言里可能是必要的，而在另一种语言里就会显得多余了。第25题【单选题】The meeting next week will be of great importa

40、nce.A、to be heldB heldC holdingD、is held【正确答案】A【答案解析】谓语动词用了将来时态，所以选不定式作定语,表将来。第26题【单选题】This cloth wont shrink when its washed.A、benefitB、smallerC、vagueD、convince【正确答案】B【答案解析】shrink 收缩；畏缩；sm aller较小，更小的。第27题【单选题】James Brindley was a pioneer in the art of building canals or,as it wasthen called,naviga

41、tion.A、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoB、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把它叫作navigationoC、布林德雷是建筑运河的先驱者，当时人们把建筑运河叫作navigation oD、布林德雷是开凿运河的先驱者，当时人们把开凿运河叫作navigation o【正确答案】D【答案解析】答案选D o 本题考查的知识点为重复与代称。原文building canals,但汉语里常见的搭配是“开凿运河，如译作“建筑运河，就不顺了。原文后半句用it 代 替 buildingcanals,译文重复“开凿运河而不用代词，这样译是比较清楚的。第28题【单选题】Ho

42、w do we fix this problem?lt starts with reforming the physicianreimbursement system,remove the pressure for primary care physiciansto squeeze in more patients per hour,and reward them for optimally（最佳 士 也）managing their diseases and practicing evidence-based medicine.Make primary care more attractiv

43、e to medical students by forgivingstudent loans for those who choose primary care as a career andreconciling the marked difference between specialist and primary carephysician salaries.What suggestion does the author give in order toprovide better health care?A、Bridge the salary gap between speciali

44、sts and primary carephysicians.B、Extend primary care to patients with chronic diseases.C、Recruit more medical students by offering them loans.D、Reduce the tuition of students who choose primary care as theirmajor.【正确答案】A【答案解析】答 案 选Ao事实细节题。由题干中的suggestion和provide better health care定位于第2段。文章第2段介绍的是改善基

45、础医疗目前状况的建议：应该从改革医生的费用返还制度开始，避免基础护理医生竭力增加每小时诊治患者的数量，减少他们的压力，奖励那些能够提出最佳治疗方案和开具循证药物的医生。通过免除那些选择基础护理工作作为未来职业的学生们的助学贷款，使基础护理工作吸引更多医学院的学生，同时调和专科医生和基础护理医生之间工资存在的巨大差异，由此可得出答案为A 项。第29题【单选题】The devastating floods and droughts that imposed a recurrent tax ofsuffering on the farmers on longer occur.Egyptian agr

46、iculture has beentransformed,and industry is benefiting from power generated by thedam.A、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。B、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是现在埃及的农业得到改造，工业也用上了水坝发的电。C、过去不断给农民带来灾难的旱涝两灾，现在不再发生了。埃及的农业得到了改良，水坝发的电也用在了工业上。D、过去不断给农民带来灾难的不但有旱涝两灾，还有税收。但是埃及的农业得到了改良，工业也给水坝发电带来了很大的好处。【正

47、确答案】A【答案解析】答案选A。句子中tax of suffering属于比喻,把suffering比作是强加在人们身上的tax,而并非真正的征收税收。根据这一点可以排除B 和 D 项，同时根据句子中的and可以得知前后应该是并列的，也就是说agriculture和 industry是并列的，同时翻译的时候也应该是并列的，这样不但符合句法也让句子结构更合理。第30题【单选题】The car honked at me until I fastened my seat belt.A、汽车向我发出嘟嘟的声音，直到我系上了安全带。B、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我系上安全带就不响了。C、汽车在我系上安全带之前

48、发出嘟嘟的声音。D、汽车发出嘟嘟的声音，我才系上了安全带。【正确答案】B【答案解析】until在否定句中表示的意思是“直到 才 ；在肯定句中等于before；本句的意思是：汽车一直嘟嘟地响，直到我系上安全带才停下来。翻译的时候要体现连词until表示的意思，所以比较恰当的用法应该是B项。A 项虽然有“直到的意思，但是表达方式不符合汉语习惯，意思模糊不清。第31题【单选题】I must go there earlier.John has suggested that I an hourbefore the discussion begins.A、goB shall goC、will goD、wo

49、uld go【正确答案】A【答案解析】suggest后面的从句用sb.should do的形式,should可以省略。第32题【单选题】If you enjoy looking through travel books by such familiar authors asArthur Frommer or Eugene Fodor,it will not surprise you to learn thattravel writing has a long and venerable history.Almost from the earliestannals of recorded tim

50、e individuals have found ready audiences for theiraccounts of journeys to strange and exotic locales.This passage is mostlyabout.A、why people find travel writing excitingB、the literary style of three early travel writersC、where three early travel writers went and wrote aboutD、how to write a travel b