专题04 其他-2021年高考学霸笔记.docx

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1、专题04 其他词-2021年高考学霸笔记1.长宽高的变形strong-strength-strengthenlong-length-lengthenwide-width-widenhigh-height-heightendeep-depth-deepen2.基数词和序数词的不规则变化one-firsttwo-secondthree-thirdfour-fourthfive-fiftheight-eighthnine-ninthtwelve-twelfth3.常见介词of, in, on, at, by, with, without, including, about, after, befor

2、e, from, toof后可跟名词，如sense of achievement; sense of responsibilityin后可跟名词，如in danger, in silence4.常见介词核心逻辑一）of核心逻辑：从属关系，属于量词cup of; a piece of; a slice of其中之of; any of; part of, none of类别词kind of; sort of; a species of所属关系the engine of the car=car's engine; the roof of the house=house's roof;

3、和名词构成形容词短语man of ability=an able man; a thing of beauty=a beautiful thing;动词、形容词短语die of; be fond of; be afraid of; be proud of a girlfriend of Wang Hao书名类The True Story of Ah Q二）in核心逻辑：包含与被包含in+地点，表示在地方，通常为国家，城市或者大地点的室内： break inin China，in Beijing ，in Shanghai，in a big housein+具体方位+of，表示细节地理位置：in

4、the middle of ，in the front of ，in the back of，in front of，in the south ofin+功能性场所：in bed（卧病）在床，in the ded在床上躺着，in hospital生病住院，in the hospital 在医院这个地方in+时间（世纪，具体年份，季节，月份，年代，早中晚，一段时间）：in the 19th century，in 2020，in winter，in January，in the 1960s，in the morning，in the afternoon，in the evening，in 2 ho

5、urs（两小时后或两小时内）in+特定的事物，表示在方面：He has made great progress in math.他在数学方面取得了很大的进步in+颜色，表穿着the boy in black is my brother.穿黑色衣服的男孩是我弟弟in搭配动词构成短语：putin 把放进； cut in 打断别人说话；give in 让步，屈服（因为别人的观点或意见完全包容了我的，所以我give in）；三）to核心逻辑：强烈的方向性，同目标事物相关，距离感运动、朝向drive tothe way toJapan is to the east of China.a tendency

6、 to sillness四）on核心逻辑：具体或抽象的紧密接触on+地点名词，表示在表面，有接触：on the wall，on the ground，on the earth，on the table ，on the right， on the lefton+抽象名词on time，准时（抽象意义的接触时刻点） on display 展览（物品是和展台接触的）one on one 一对一 on vacation 度假（人与假期抽象接触）on sale 打折出售on+交通工具与in+交通工具的区别可以走动的用on，不便走动用in：on the train/bus/ship/plane ，in t

7、he car/jeepon的动词短语，均是“ 抽象接触”go on 继续（上段接触下段） agree on 达成一致 turn on 打开开关（电源或是水流合上） keep on 坚持（不中断，接触）get on 上车（人接触车）put on 穿戴衣物（衣物和身体接触）carry on 继续前行 insist on 在某事上坚持 knock on 敲打（接触）play jokes on 开某人的玩笑五）for核心逻辑：通过成为所属关系1. for表目的What do you learn English for?What can I do for you?2. 对于She has a natur

8、al gift for teaching.3. 给某人Here're some tips for you.4. 表原因I am sorry for it.5. 前往某地Is this bus for Chicago?They'll leave for Beijing tomorrow.6. for+时间段/距离for a few years; walk for 10 miles7. for表赞成8. It is +adj. for sb. to do sth.六）from核心逻辑：脱离，距离感1. 从到from . to2. 来自be from; come from3. 制成b

9、e made from4. 距离等The house is 5 miles from the town.5. 避免；防止He covered his wife from the man's blows with his body.6. 与不同I can't tell one twin from the other.be different from七）with核心逻辑：带有；附带1. 一起；和go with; play with; live with; make friends with2. 带有tea with honeya man with a lot of money;

10、a girl with golden hair3. 用write with a pencil4. 在身上I have no money with me.5. 在帮忙之下with the help of6. 随着with the development offloat with the wind7.短语agree with sb./sth.; deal with; get on with sb.; communicate with sb.; put up with sth.be satisfied with; be patient with; be popular with sb.; be co

11、nnected with sb.; be decorated with sth.八）by核心逻辑：一旁1. 位置by the windown; by the lake2. 交通工具by train; by car; by plane3. 通过by doing sth.4. 在之前by 9:00九）at核心逻辑： 直击目标1. 表示状态at work, at war, at lunch, at school2. 小地点arrive at arrive in3. 小时间at 9:004. 短语aim at; at this time, at least, at the end of十）than核心

12、逻辑：比较1.no sooner. than.2. more . than.十一）as核心逻辑：作为1. 像He dressed as a girl.2. 当作I found a job as a guide.3. 作为身份As a child, she was sent to abroad.4. as引导的介词短语As a Party member, I'll take the lead in everything.She works as a model.5.常见固定搭配too.to.so.that.cant wait to do.cant help doing sth.one,

13、the otherIts time to do sth.either.or.neither.nor.not only.but also.be famous for/asit takes sb. some time to do sth.think/find it adj. to do sth.used to do / be used to doing / be used to do6.缩写don't=do notdoesn't=does notYou'd better=You had betterYou'd like=You would likeit's=

14、it isyou're=you areI'm=I amwon't=will notwouldn't=would notIve been=I have beenHes been=He has been7.late相关词late: adj. & adv. 迟，迟的，晚的，晚期，在晚期。in the late afternoon 傍晚，在下午较晚的时候in the late 1990's/1990s 在二十世纪九十年代末work late/far/deep into the night 工作至深夜late in autumn 深秋later: adj.

15、 & adv. 为late比较级，意指较迟，较晚一些。一段时间+latersooner or later 迟早（early or late）no later than不迟于later on以后，后来。latter: adj. 意思是指（两者中）后者的、后者，反义词是former，（两者中）前者。Did he walk or swim? The latter seems unlikely.latest: adj. & adv. 为late的最高级。意思是最新、最近或最迟。A British car company was about to sell its latest type

16、 of car in Germany.lately: adv. (=recently) 最近，近来，通常用于现在完成时态。The old palace has lately been rebuilt.8.that的用法 so.that.结构 定语从句，句中缺主语选that 同位语从句后加that，常见同位语名词news, idea, fact, thought, problem, answer, belief, possibility, evidence, plan, suggestion, promise, report, question, truth, proof, order, hop

17、e, information 强调句型 It is X that. 表语从句，即be后所跟句子，如The trouble is that.9.同一年份同一考点考察 than【2020年全国卷I语法填空】The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters, more so _ the familiar near side.【2020年全国卷II语法填空】Orange trees are more _ decoration; they a a sy

18、mbol of good fortune and wealth.【2018年全国卷I语法填空】While running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life _ walking, cycling or swimming.【2018年全国卷II语法填空】Corn uses less water _ rice and creates less fertilizer runoff. 定语从句无what【2020年全国卷II短文改错】Thank yo

19、u for your letter, what 改为which really made me happy.【2020年全国卷III短文改错】Understanding her good intentions, I eat all the food what 改为that is provided by Mom with appreciation. surelysure【2020年全国卷II短文改错】Im surely 改为sure youll have a good time.【2020年全国卷III短文改错】In order to make surely 改为sure all of us ar

20、e in good health, she makes specific plans for us. 形容词ing和ed之间的转换【2019年全国卷I短文改错】I became interesting 改为interested in playing football thanks to a small accident.【2019年全国卷II短文改错】One was that I was amazing 改为amazed at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor. as的用法【2017

21、年全国卷I语法填空】This trend, was started by the medical community _ a method of fighting heart disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【2017年全国卷I语法填空】As _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up

22、for that something missing.【2017年全国卷III语法填空】Instead, she is earning 6,500 pounds a day as _ model in New York. late相关词【2017年全国卷I短文改错】A few minutes late 改为later, the instructor asked me to stop the car.【2017年全国卷III短文改错】I enjoyed studying different kinds of cars and planes, playing pop music, and coll

23、ecting the late 改为latest music albums. become和come【2017年全国卷II短文改错】When summer came 改为comes, they will invite their students to pick the fresh vegetables!【2017年全国卷III短文改错】About one month after this photo was taken, I entered my second year of high school and become 改为became a new member of the school

24、 music club.10.高中易混词 anyway, anyhow, somehow, somewhatanyway=anyhow 无论如何；不管怎样somehow 莫名其妙地；不知怎么地somewhat 稍微；有点 contend, content, context, context principal, principle mortal, metal, mental, medal, model except, expect, accept, excerpt, exempt through, thorough, though, thought expect, respect, aspec

25、t, inspect, suspect prospect, perspective11.不同年份同一考点 be+adv.+adj.【2020年全国卷I】Landing on the moons far side is _ (extreme) challenging.【2019年全国卷III】They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were _ (huge) popular with tourists.【2017年全国卷III】It is _ (certain) fun but the lifesty

26、le is a little unreal. 比较级more/less+than【2020年全国卷I】The far side of the moon is of particular interest to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters, more so _ the familiar near side.【2020年全国卷II语法填空】Orange trees are more _ decoration; they a a symbol of good fortune and wealth.【2018年全国卷I语法填空】Whi

27、le running regularly cant make you live forever, the review says it is more effective at lengthening life _ walking, cycling or swimming.【2018年全国卷II语法填空】Corn uses less water _ rice and creates less fertilizer runoff. 提示词为it【2020年全国卷I】Data about the moons composition, such as how much ice and other t

28、reasures it contains, could help China decide whether _ (it) plans for a future lunar base are practical.【2016年全国卷I】On my recent visit, I held a lively three-month-old twin that had been rejected by _ (it) mother. 提示词为certain【2020年全国卷II】_ (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.【20

29、17年全国卷III】It is _ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal. be+adj.+to do【2020年全国卷II】They are easy _ (care) for and make great presents.【2019年全国卷I】Modern methods for tracking polar bear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s, and are expensive _ (perform) consistently over

30、 a large area. the first(序数词) (n) to do sth.【2020年全国卷I】China has become the first country to land a spacecraft on the far side of the moon.【2020年全国卷II】The plum trees are _ first to flower even as the snow is melting. 情态动词+提示词【2020年全国卷III】The artist was sure he would _ (choose), but when he presented

31、 his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old man laughed.【2016年全国卷III】Truly elegant chopsticks might _ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters. by+doing【2019年全国卷I】Scientists have responded by _ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating around human settlements, leading to th

32、e illusion that populations are higher than they actually are.【2017年全国卷I】Fast food _ (be) full of fat and salt; by _ (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 提示词+than【2019年全国卷I】Scientists have responded by noting that hungry bears may be congregating aroun

33、d human settlements, leading to the illusion that populations are _ (high) than they actually are.【2018年全国卷I】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years _ (long) than non-runners. al结尾形容词【2019年全国卷II】Her years of hard work have _ (final) been acknowledged after a

34、customer nominated her to be Cheshires Woman of the Year.【2018年全国卷II】A taste for meat is _ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【2016年全国卷I】The title will be _ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.【2016年全国卷III】Food in small pie

35、ces could be eaten easily with twigs which _ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. 现在完成时【2019年全国卷I】In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut _ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a belief that populations are increasing.【2019年全国卷II】I love coming here and seeing m

36、y family and all the friends I _ (make) over the years.【2018年全国卷II】Since 2011, the country _ (grow) more corn than rice. n. _ v.【2019年全国卷III】They were well trained by their masters _ had great experience with caring for these animals.【2018年全国卷II】The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between

37、 2005-when the government started a soil-testing program _ gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers-and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. , _ (提示词)【2019年全国卷III】On the last day of our week-long stay, we were invited to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the No

38、rth Shore under the stars, _ (listen) to musicians to meeting interesting locals.【2017年全国卷II】This included digging up the road, _ (lay) the track and then building a strong roof over the top.【2016年全国卷III】People probably cooked their food in large pots, _ (use) twigs to remove it. the top【2018年全国卷III

39、】Unexpectedly, Im face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at _ top of her lungs.【2017年全国卷II】This included digging up the road, laying the track and then building a strong roof over _ top. as +a/an【2017年全国卷I语法填空】This trend, was started by the medical community _ a method of fighting heart

40、 disease, has had some unintended side effects such as overweight and heart disease-the very thing the medical community was trying to fight.【2017年全国卷I语法填空】As _ result, people will eat more food to try to make up for that something missing.【2017年全国卷III语法填空】Instead, she is earning 6,500 pounds a day

41、as _ model in New York. , who结构【2017年全国卷III】But Sarah, _ has taken part in shows along with top models, wants to prove that she has brains as well as beauty.【2016年全国卷III】Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, _ lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C., influenced the development of chopsticks.