定语从句公开课课件.ppt

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1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句讲解定语从句讲解国本中学国本中学 邓冬林邓冬林概述定语从句（THE ATTRABUTIVE CLAUSE）在中学英语学习中是比较复杂却又是运用广泛的一种从句形式, 因而正确理解定语从句在单项选择单项选择、完形填空完形填空、阅读理解、短文改错阅读理解、短文改错以及书面表达中书面表达中都非常重要，因为定语从句的掌握好坏直接影响到考生们对于复杂的复合句的理解能力。定语从句是中学英语教学的重点重点，也是学生学习的难点难点，同时又是高考考查的热点热点。纵观近年各地高考试题，对定语从句的考查不单纯考查其语法结构，而是把它融入到一定的语境语境中，考查考生

2、的实际综合运用能力实际综合运用能力，因此掌握这一语法现象十分重要。 哪些问题是理解定语从句的绊脚石不知什么是定语不知什么是定语如何选择关系代词关系副词如何选择关系代词关系副词介词介词+关系代词中介词的选择关系代词中介词的选择定语从句和其他从句区别定语从句和其他从句区别定语 :对名（代）词起修饰限定的词.短语.句子1.This is a beautiful garden.2.Whose book are these?3.He is a man of wealth.4.There are 30 people in the class.5.Give me sleeping pills,please!

3、7.I have a lot of work to do.8.I know the man under the tree. I know the man who is under the tree.哪些可作定语？哪些可作定语？ Attributive Clause 定语从句定语从句 复合句复合句 = = 主句主句+定语从句定语从句一个主谓结构是句子一个主谓结构是句子的的主要部分（主句）主要部分（主句）另一个或一个以上的主谓结构另一个或一个以上的主谓结构只在句子中作只在句子中作某个成分（定语）某个成分（定语）I know the man （who is under the tree）.从句从句谓

4、语谓语从句从句主语主语主句主句谓语谓语主句主句主语主语关系代词有哪些呢？关系词和先行词的关系关系词和先行词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2. He shows me the house whose door faces south whose=the door of the house= of which the door whose +n. =the +n. + of which=of which + the +n.3.I like the school where I studied. that = the machine 关系代词实际上是

5、先行词的关系代词实际上是先行词的复指复指关系代词关系代词whose实际上是先行词的实际上是先行词的所有格所有格关系副词实际上是关系副词实际上是介词介词+先行词先行词in the school=Where=in+which关系词的选择方法 三步曲：首划先行词，区分人和物分析先行词在从句中作何成分分析选择正确的连词 This is the house_we live. A.Where B.whose C.when D.that请区分:1.I will never forget the days_I spent in China.2. I will never forget the days_I s

6、tudy in China. A.Which B.what C.when D.whereVt.VI.关系词的用法练习关系词的用法练习 3.The noodles, ( )you cooked for me, were delicious.1.I dont like the people ( )smoke a lot.Which/thatwhichwho/ that2.The eggs ( ) I bought yesterday were bad.4. Do you know the girl ( )brother is your classmate ? whose 5.This is the

7、 factory( )I worked last year. 6. The day ( ) she married him is a special day.wherewhen介词介词+关系代词关系代词介词位于先行词前介词位于先行词前注意：介词提前后，that,who不可用介词介词+关系词实质关系词实质The man who/whom/that you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toinAre these two sentences right?关系代词前介词的确定关系代词前介词的确定1.1.

8、根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系, ,请体会：请体会：e.g. The clever boy made a hole,through which he can see things in the house.2. 根据先行词与介词根据先行词与介词,形容词形容词的搭配习惯的搭配习惯,请体会：请体会：e.g. 1949 was the year in which the P.R.C. was founded. He read a book with which I am not familiar. 1. Do you like the book she spent

9、$10? 2. Do you like the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which1.The way_ he explained was simple. 2.The way _ h

10、e explained the sentence was simple. 3.I went to the place _I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he gave. that / which/省省that /in which/省省where/ in whichWhich/thatwhy/ for whichthat/which几种易混的情况几种易混的情况vi.v

11、t.vt. 定语从句高考考点例析1.考查关系词的基本用法考查关系词的基本用法 1. Chans restaurant on Baker Street, _ used to be poorly run, is now a successful business. （2007 浙江） A. that B. which C. whoD. where析：答案为B。which在定语从句中作主语，其引导的定语从句修饰Chans restaurant。 2. Some pre-school children go to a day care center, _they learn simple games

12、and songs. （2007全国卷I） A. thenB. thereC. whileD. where析：答案为D。where在定语从句中作地点状语。其引导的定语从句修饰a day care center。3.The weather turned out to be very good,_was more than we could expected. A. what B. that C. it D. which4.Jim passed drivingtest,_surprised everybody in the office. A.Which B.that C.this D.it5.H

13、es got himself into a serious situation _ he is likely to lose control over the plane.(上海) A.where B. which C. while D. why典型考题： 1. He was educated at the local high school,_he went on to Beijing UniversityA.after which B.after that C.in which D.in that 2. We shouldnt spend our money in testing so m

14、any people, most of _ are healthy. （ 北京）A. thatB. whichC. whatD. whom析：答案为D。most of whom are healthy是一个非限制性定语从句，结构为代词代词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 2.介词介词+关系词关系词2.We are going to build a railway, the base of which are steal. 名词名词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词3.I bought some books from the library , three of which are about Engli

15、sh4.I bought some books from the library, 20 percent of which are about English. 数词数词+介词介词+关系代词关系代词5. China has thousand of islands, the largest of which is Taiwan island. . 形容词最高级形容词最高级+介词介词+关系代词关系代词 6. He goes to bed at ten , at which hour his brother locked all the doors. 介词介词+关系代词关系代词+名词名词3.as与与

16、which引导的定语从句引导的定语从句由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句，as和which可代整个主句，as 引导的定语从句可置于句首，而which不可As is known /As we all know, the earth is round. as 多用于下列句型： suchas, the sameas asas Such books as you tell me are interesting. He is not the same man as he was.as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时从句中的谓语必须是系动词；若为行为动词，则从句中的关系代词只能用which

17、 She has been late again, as was expected. Tom has made great progress, which made us happy.想一想你能区别是什么从句吗？This is the house where I live.Please sit down where you are. (where引导地点状语从句，相当于引导地点状语从句，相当于in the place where)1.The news (that )we heard on the radio was not true.2.The news that we won the gam

18、e was exciting.3.The problem is that they cant get here on time.4.we know that he is good at reading.名词性从句中的that不做成分,一般不可省略4.综合考查定语从句和其他从句或句型综合考查定语从句和其他从句或句型He is such a good teacher as all of us love and respect. (as 引导定语从句)He is such a good teacher that we all like him.(that引导结果状语从句,”如此以致于”)It is

19、the house where I met the young man. (where 引导定语从句，修饰house，where在定语从句中作地点状语)It was in the house that I met the young man.(本句为强调结构，可还原为I met the young man in the house.)高考典题1.It is not who is right but what is right _ is of importance. （ 重庆） A. whichB. itC. thatD. this析：答案为C。这是由“it is+ 强调部分+that”构成的强

20、调结构，强调部分为not who is right but what is right。2. Where did you get to know her? It was on the farm _we worked. Athat Bthere Cwhich DWhere3.It was in the village _we used to live in _the accident happened.A.where;that B.which;that C.that;where D.where ;which4._ matters most in learning English is enoug

21、h practice. （全国卷II） A. WhatB. Why C. Where D. Which5._is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.that B.what C.as D.which6.He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think it is B. which I think isC. which I think it D. I think which is Bye bye! Bye bye!Bye bye! Bye bye!