高考英语 定语从句公开课课件.ppt

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1、 An English SongAn English SongI AM SAILINGThis is an easy English song.I like it.This is an easy English song that I like.Revision ofthe Attributive Clause定语从句复习定语从句复习(一一)高三高三英语第一轮复习英语第一轮复习This is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic.The man and the woman whom you

2、see in the picture are Jack and Rose.Here are two pictures that are taken from the film.Jack and Rose are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film.the Attributive Clausethe Attributive ClauseThis is the film which I saw last night.This is the film whose name is Titanic.The

3、 man and the woman whom you see in the picture are Jack and Rose.Here are two pictures that are taken from the film.Jack and Rose are the hero and the heroine who loved each other very much in the film.the Attributive Clausethe Attributive Clausewho指人，作主语whom指人，作宾语whose指物，作定语that指物，作主语which指物，作宾语语法讲

4、解语法讲解 定语从句定语从句（the attributive clause）被定语从句限定的词是被定语从句限定的词是_，引导定语从，引导定语从句的词叫做句的词叫做 _ 或或 _。关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即连接连接（连接定语从句和主句）、（连接定语从句和主句）、替代替代（替代前面（替代前面的先行词）、的先行词）、成分成分（在定语从句中要充当一（在定语从句中要充当一定的句子成分）。定的句子成分）。在复合句中，在复合句中，充当充当_ 用的从句是定语从句用的从句是定语从句“先行词先行词”“关系代词关系代词”“关系副词关系副词”形容词形容词Beijing is th

5、e city that/which has got the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.Beijing the city get the chance to host the 2008 Olympic Games.1.指物时只用指物时只用that 的情况的情况2.只用只用which的情况的情况3.关系代词关系代词as 的用法的用法4.as 与与which的区别的区别5.高考考点高考考点-易混句型易混句型6.历年高考试题历年高考试题高考常见高考常见考点考点考点一：考点一：(1)(1)先行词为先行词为all,everything,nothing,so

6、mething,anything,all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,few,much little,few,much 等不定代词时。等不定代词时。Is there Is there anythinganything else else thatthat you don you dont t understand?understand?(2)(2)先行词被先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,muchall,every,no,some,any,little,much等等 修饰时。修饰时。AllAll th

7、e books the books thatthat you need are here.you need are here.(3)(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰及是最高级或被最高级修饰时。或被最高级修饰时。This is This is the firstthe first book book(that)(that)he has read he has read././This is This is the bestthe best that has been used against that has been used against pollu

8、tionpollution(4)(4)先行词被先行词被the only,the very,the same,the lastthe only,the very,the same,the last修饰时。修饰时。This is This is the samethe same knife knife(that)(that)I lost I lost yesterday.yesterday.This is This is the verythe very pen pen(that)(that)she is looking she is looking for.for.(5)(5)先行词既有人又有物

9、时。先行词既有人又有物时。He talked about He talked about the teachers and schoolsthe teachers and schools (that)(that)he had visited.he had visited.That!“that”我的地盘我的地盘?6.当主句的主语是是疑问词当主句的主语是是疑问词which时时:Which is the bike that you lost yesterday?7.当先行词在主句中做表语当先行词在主句中做表语,而关系代词也而关系代词也在从句中做表语时在从句中做表语时:He is no longer

10、the man that he used to be.Beijing is no longer the city that it used to be.注意注意:当先行词是当先行词是the way时时,关系词用关系词用:that/in which.way 后面的定语从句后面的定语从句 way 后面的定语从句的引导词有后面的定语从句的引导词有 in which that 或或 不填不填，如：，如：I recognized hes from Australia from the way _ he speaks.in which(that/不填不填)practice 1.Everything_ yo

11、u say to him goes in one ear and out the other.2.All _ is needed is a supply of oil.3.The train is the last _ will go to Shanghai.4.The boy and the dog _ are in the picture are very lovely.5.The first lesson _ I learned will be forgotten6.The way_ you are doing it is completely crazy.thatthatthattha

12、tthatthatthatthatthatthatthatthat 1.Jim passed the driving test,_ surprised everybody in the office.（2008）A.which B that C this D.it考点二：以下情况只能用考点二：以下情况只能用which引导定语从句引导定语从句1,逗号后面逗号后面 2,介词后面介词后面2.The day _ he was born was Aug.20,1952.A.on which B that C which D.this考点三：关系代词考点三：关系代词 as 的用法的用法 the same

13、as 表示表示同一类同一类人或物；人或物；the same that 指指同一个同一个人或物人或物1)直接引导定语从句直接引导定语从句:作用相当于作用相当于which He was late,as/which is often the case.As anyone could see it,they were very upset.2)与与such 连用连用,引起定语从句引起定语从句 There are no such writers as you mention.It gave him such a shock that his face turned white.3)与与same 连用连用

14、,引起定语从句引起定语从句 如此如此 以至于以至于 This is the same pen _I lost yesterday.A.as B.that C.the one D.A&B D比较：比较：.the same pen as I lost.the same pen that I lost.表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是表示这支笔与我不见的那支很像，不一定就是则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支则表示这支笔就是我不见的那支.考点四：考点四：as 与与 which 的区别的区别as 在从句中作主语时，后面常接在从句中作主语时，后面常接行为动词的行为动词的被动语态，被动语态，如如be kn

15、own，be said，be reported等，等，如从句中如从句中行为动词是主动语态行为动词是主动语态，一般要用，一般要用which作主语。作主语。She has been late again,_ was expected.Tom has made great progress,_ made us happy.aswhich1.which的的先先行行词词可可以以是是名名词词，也也可可以以是是句句子子的的一部分或代替整个句子一部分或代替整个句子；which从句从句不能放句首不能放句首;2.as 一般代替整个句子一般代替整个句子,从句从句则可以放则可以放句首句首,句句中或句尾中或句尾,表示表

16、示“正如正如”，“或像或像一样一样”。例如：例如：as is known,as everyone knows,as is said,as often happens,as you can see,as it is;当当先行词前有先行词前有as,so,such,the same 修饰修饰时时,关系代词常用关系代词常用as。_is known to us all,Taiwan is a part of China.总结总结:As1).a.I saw some trees,and the leaves of _ were black with disease.b.I saw some trees,t

17、he leaves of _ were black with disease.2).a.The professor is a little man,on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses b.The professor is a little man,and on the nose of _there is a pair of glasses解题点拨解题点拨:是否有是否有连词连词是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。是区分定语从句和并列句的关键。themwhomwhichhim _高考考点高考考点易混句型易混句型1.1.定语从句与并列句定语从句与并列句 1

18、).a.The news _our volleyball team won the match made us excited.b.The news _he told me yesterday is exciting.2).a.I made a promise _ if anyone set me free,I would make him very rich.b.The mother made a promise _ pleased all her children.that(that/which)that/whichthat解题点拨解题点拨：that引导的引导的定语从句定语从句是对其先行词

19、的是对其先行词的修修饰或限制饰或限制；在句中；在句中作成份作成份(作宾语省略作宾语省略),),指物时可用指物时可用whichwhich代替；而代替；而同位语从句同位语从句是对前面名词的是对前面名词的说明和解释说明和解释。that在从句中仅起连接作用在从句中仅起连接作用,不充当成份不充当成份，不能省略，不能省略,不能用不能用whichwhich代替。代替。.定语从句与同位语从句定语从句与同位语从句1.Ive come to the point where I cant stand him.2.The country is in the situation where a war will bre

20、ak out at any time.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。3.3.一些特殊词之后的一些特殊词之后的wherewhere wherewhere引导的定引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。词，但也有特殊情况。解析：解析：如果定语从句分别修饰如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,stage,condition，position和和case等表示抽象意义的词，等表示抽象意义的词，常用常用where

21、 引导，意思是引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境到了某种地步，在某种境况中况中”。1)a.It is in this room _I lived last year.b.It is the room _I lived last year.2)a.It was at seven oclock _he went to school this morning.b.It was seven oclock _he went to school this morning.解题点拨：解题点拨：强调句型：强调句型：It is/was+被被强调的成强调的成份份+that/who+其它部分其它部分;去掉去掉 I

22、t is/was.that/who,句子照样成立句子照样成立;而定语从句而定语从句的的引导词在句中要作成份引导词在句中要作成份。thatwherethatwhen4.4.定语从句与强调句定语从句与强调句 Though I cant remember everything _ happened during the time in university,I still remember some people and things _ were related to Miss Brown,_ used to be monitor in our class.If you want to know

23、who the lady is _ I referred to in my diary,I can tell you its her,Miss Brown.Here is a story _ makes me remember Miss Brown until now.One afternoon,she and I arrived in New York,_ we would look forward to.We went to the biggest bookshop in _ there were different kinds of books to be sold.There,that

24、thatwhothat that whichwhichshe persuaded me to read every grammar book _ could offer me knowledge of grammar and buy a dictionary _ I could look up the new words in.Miss Brown also bought the same books _ I did.Just when we left the bookshop and were ready to go back to our university,a big man stop

25、ped us and robbed me of my necklace.Ill never forget that time _ Miss Brown tried her best to help me and lost one of her fingers.thatwhichaswhen conclusion 先行词充当主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词先行词充当主语、宾语或定语，则用关系代词先行词充当状语，则用关系副词先行词充当状语，则用关系副词 that,who,whom,which,as,whose where,when,why 历年高考试题历年高考试题1.We shouldnt spen

26、t our money testing so many people,most of_are healthy.A.That B which C,what D whom （2007 北京北京）B.2.Last week,only two people came to look at the house,_wanted to buy it.C.A none of them B both of them C none of whom D neither of whom(2007安徽安徽)D.3.I was given two books on cooking,the first _I really

27、enjoyed.E.A,of that B,of which C,that D,which (2008 浙江浙江)F.4,-where did you get to know her?G.-it was on the farm_ we worked.H.A,that B,there C,which D,where (2007 山东山东)I.5，I explain on the phone,you request will be considered at the meeting.J.A,when B,after C,as D,since (2005 浙江浙江)DDCDC6.These hous

28、es are sold at such a low price _ people expected.(07上海）上海）A.like B.as C.that D.which7._ is reported in the newspapers,talks between the two countries are making progress.(04北京）北京）A.It B.As C.That D.What8.Helen was much kinder to her youngest son than to the others,_,of course,made the others envy h

29、im.(04天津）天津）A.who B.that C.what D.which9.The gentleman_ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief.(00上海春上海春招）招）A.who B.about whom C.whom D.with whom10.Have you seen the film“Titanic”,_ leading actor is world-famous?(01上海上海 A.its B.its C.whose D.which用用思思考考_专题专练专题专练1.Do you think such a place _ you

30、speak of is worth visiting?2.He promised to come to see me on purpose on Sunday,_ I doubt very much.3.There is a lake near our schoolyard,_ depth is out of your expectation.4.-Do you have anything in mind _ youd like for supper?5.-Well,anything is Ok for me.6.5.The house in _ he used to live has tur

31、ned into a library.as which whose that which 6.Students in our school,most of _ are from the south of China,enjoy rice very much.7.Can you think of a situation _ this idiom is used?8._ is often the case,teachers in our school usually return to school on Sunday evenings.9.Which is the road _ leads to the village _ you were born?10.The newcomer is from Jiangxi,_ I can tell from his accent.whom where As that where which =in which Homework Write an article with the title“My English Teacher”in 5 sentences,using attributive clause.