高一英语_定语从句公开课课件.ppt

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1、 The Attributive Clause 高考总复习定语从句讲解与练习高考总复习定语从句讲解与练习2014.11.3How many kinds of Attributive Clauses How many kinds of Attributive Clauses are there?are there?定定语语从从句句The Restrictive Attributive Clause限制性定语从句限制性定语从句The Non-Restrictive Attributive Clause非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句引导定语从句的关系引导定语从句的关系词词指代人指代人 指代事物指代

2、事物 所属关系所属关系 指地点指地点 指时间指时间 指原因指原因 who，whom，thatwhich，thatwhose，of whichwherewhenwhy关关系系代代词词关关系系副副词词主主语语或或宾宾语语状状语语限制性定语从句的构成限制性定语从句的构成The old lady who lives next to us sells books.You should do all that I said.I have found the teather whom I am looking for .I visited the factory where my father works.

3、关系代词关系代词 关系副词关系副词先行词先行词 之后之后,用陈述式语序用陈述式语序“.的的”关系词关系词1.从句位置及语序从句位置及语序:2.翻译方法翻译方法:3.构成构成先行词和关系词的关系先行词和关系词的关系1.A plane is a machine that can fly. 2.The boy who broke the window is called Tom.3.The boy whose parents are dead was brought up by his grandfather.4.The school where I study is far from my hom

4、e.the machine = thatthe boy =whothe boys =whosein the school = where关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系代词实际上是先行词的复指关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系代词的实质关系代词的实质Join the following sentences:The lady is Green. We saw her yesterday. herThe lady we saw yesterday is Green Who/that关系副词和先行词的关系关系副词

5、和先行词的关系I still remember the day when I came here. This is the house where I lived last year. There are many reasons why people like traveling. I dont like the way that you speak. on the day =whenin the house= wherefor the reasons =whyin the way =that关系副词实际上是介词先行词关系副词实际上是介词先行词 1.that 1.that 与与whichwh

6、ich1.Nothing _ can be done has been done.2.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?先行词是先行词是everything, nothing, anything, everything, nothing, anything, something, much, little, nonesomething, much, little, none等不定代词，引等不定代词，引导定语从句用导定语从句用thatthatthatthat1.This is the best TV _ is made in China.2.

7、The first museum _ he visited in China was the History Museum.thatthat先行词被形容词最高级或序数词修饰时，引导定语从句用that 。 1.that 1.that 与与whichwhichIve read all the books _ you lent me.that先行词被先行词被any, some, no, any, some, no, much, few, little, every, all, much, few, little, every, all, very, only, last very, only, la

8、st 修饰时修饰时, ,引导引导定语从句用定语从句用that that 。 1.that 1.that 与与whichwhich1.The famous writer and his works _ the radio broadcast have aroused great interest among the students.2.A victim is a person, animal or thing _ suffers pain, death, harm, etc.先行词中既有人又有事物时，先行词中既有人又有事物时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用that .that .thatthat

9、 1.that 1.that 与与whichwhich1.Who _ you have ever seen can do it better ?WhoWho做先行词时，做先行词时，引导定语从句用引导定语从句用thatthatthat 1.that 1.that 与与whichwhich1.Her bag ,in _ she put all her money, has been stolen.2.This is the ring on _ she spent 1000 dollars.3.Xiao Wang ,with _ I went to the concert, enjoy it ver

10、y much.whichwhichwhom在介词后面，指事物在介词后面，指事物用用whichwhich，指人用，指人用whomwhom 1.that 1.that 与与whichwhichwhose whose 在定语从句中作定语，表示引在定语从句中作定语，表示引导词与导词与 whose whose 后的名词为所属关系。后的名词为所属关系。 whosewhose多指人，也可指物，指物时可与多指人，也可指物，指物时可与 of whichof which互换使用互换使用。This is the book whosewhose covercover is blue.This is the book

11、of whichof which the coverthe cover is blue.This is the book the cover of whichthe cover of which is blue. 难用的难用的 whoseThe teacher praised the student. His English is the best in our class.The teacher praised the student whose English is the best in our class.Join the following pair of sentences.who

12、se =the students关系词关系词whose实际上是先行词的所有格实际上是先行词的所有格非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.Please compare:形式形式作用作用能否省略能否省略 翻译翻译限制性定限制性定语从句语从句非限制性非限制性定语从句定

13、语从句插入成分插入成分修饰限定修饰限定补充解释补充解释不能不能能能.的的Teachers who are kind are popular with the students.Mr Wang, who is kind, is popular with the students.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果The town where I live is beautiful.Kenli, where I live, is beautiful.分析两种定语从句省略后的结果分析两种定语从句省略后的结果限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明确，限制性定语从句省略后主语所指就不明

14、确，所以不能省略所以不能省略限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是先行词在意义上不可缺是先行词在意义上不可缺少的定语，少的定语， 如果去掉，主句的意思就不完如果去掉，主句的意思就不完整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分整或失去意义。这种从句和主句关系十分密切，密切， 写时不用逗号分开。写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句和主句关系不很密切，和主句关系不很密切，只是对先行词作些附加说明，只是对先行词作些附加说明， 如果去掉，如果去掉，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句，主句的意思仍然清楚。这种从句， 写时往写时往往逗号分开。往逗号

15、分开。The watch that I bought yesterday works well.ShakespeareShakespeare, whose plays are very popular, was a great writer.His son who is a doctor is now visiting the USA.His son, who is a doctor, is now visiting the USA.限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句：as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句The earth is round._ i

16、s known to all.The earth is round,_ is known to all._ is known to all, the earth is round_ is known to all that the earth is round.Itwhich/ as AsItas 具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如具有正如之意，与之搭配的动词一般是固定的，如：as you know/ as you see/as we planned/as we expected定语从句在句首时只能用定语从句在句首时只能用as,as 引导的非限制性定语从句引导的非限制性定语从句 (1

17、)This is the same pen as I lost.This is the same pen that I lost.Please compare:这支钢笔和我丢的那支一模一样这支钢笔和我丢的那支一模一样。这支钢笔就是我丢的那支这支钢笔就是我丢的那支。as 引导的限制性定语从句引导的限制性定语从句 (2)This is such an interesting book _ we all like.This is so interesting a book _ we all like.This is such an interesting book _we all like it.T

18、his is so interesting a book _we all like it.asthatPlease complete the following sentences and compare:asthat这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。这是大家都喜欢的如此有趣的一本书。(定语从句定语从句)这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。这本书如此有趣，大家都喜欢。(结果状语从句结果状语从句)介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 2The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away

19、.toinAre these two sentences right?介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况The man who/whom you spoke was a scientist.The city that/which she lives is far away.toin Are these two sentences right?可见可见,who、that 不能用与介词之后不能用与介词之后 介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 3Is this the watch that you are looking for?The old man whom I am looking a

20、fter is better . 在固定短语中介词不能提前在固定短语中介词不能提前下面两句中的介词能提前吗下面两句中的介词能提前吗?as as 与与whichwhich的区别的区别 1.1.固定句型：固定句型： The same .as ; such. asThe same .as ; such. as I shall do it in the same way as you did.I shall do it in the same way as you did. I want to buy such a book as you have.I want to buy such a book

21、as you have. 2.2.说明整个句子，可放在主句前说明整个句子，可放在主句前 As we all know=As is known to all, he As we all know=As is known to all, he studies hard.studies hard. As is said above, .As is said above, . As is often the case,.As is often the case,. As is reported in the newspaper,As is reported in the newspaper,.Corr

22、ect the mistakes1.Under the big tree are 34 students,many of them come from class two.2. My mother has a good book, which cover looks terrible.3. This is the very pen that you gave it to me before.4. There is an old woman, that is holding a stick. whomwhoseitwho 注意：如何判断介词注意：如何判断介词The girl _ which he

23、 had fought all his life no longer seemed important to him.He is the man _ whom I think you can depend .1、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配、看定语从句中动词与介词的搭配foron结论结论: 介词关系代词引导的定语介词关系代词引导的定语从句从句,关键是判断介词的选择关键是判断介词的选择,方方法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么法一是看从句谓语部分缺少什么介词介词(习惯搭配习惯搭配),再则可以通过整再则可以通过整个句子整体含义来判断个句子整体含义来判断,结合生结合生活实际来判断活实际来判断.结论结论:先行

24、词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语先行词有下列情况或附有下列修饰语时时,通常通常 关系代词关系代词that1)先行词是先行词是all,no none,everyone, something,much, little等等2)先行词前有序数词先行词前有序数词,形容词最高级形容词最高级,the last,the same,the only等等.3)如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有如果先行词中既含有表示人的名词又有表示物的名词时表示物的名词时.4)若主句中有疑问代词若主句中有疑问代词who,which 为了避为了避免重复免重复, 关系代词不要再用关系代词不要再用who,which.2、看定语从句中形容词与

25、介词的搭配、看定语从句中形容词与介词的搭配He referred me to some reference books _ which I am not very familiar.Dolphins might be trained to cooperate with fishermen and help them by finding or even catching fish, _ all of which activities dolphins are expert.withinThe committee consists of 20 members,5 of _ are women.T

26、he book contains 50 poems, most of _ was written in 1930s.There are two left, one of _ is almost finished ,and the other of _ is not quite. I have a sentence , the meaning of _ I dont understand.whomwhichwhichwhichwhich名词名词/代词代词/数词数词+ of +which/whom 1. Do you like the book she spent $10? 2. Do you l

27、ike the book she paid $10? 3. Do you like the book she learned a lot? 4. Do you like the book she often talks? 5. He built a telescope he could study the skies.介词介词+关系代词的情况关系代词的情况 练习练习on whichfor whichfrom whichabout whichthrough which关系代词关系代词that和和which在很多情况下可以互换，在很多情况下可以互换，但下列情况只用但下列情况只用that。All _

28、 can be done has been done.Do you have anything _ you dont understand ?There is little _ can be believed about it .The book doesnt say much _ amuses children.that thatthat that1.先行词是先行词是all ,everything,nothing,anything,something,much,little,none等不定代词，引导定语从句用等不定代词，引导定语从句用that 。关系副词关系副词when,where,why的

29、用法的用法 Ill never forget the day when I joined the army. Ill never forget the factory where my father worked. Tell me the reason why you came late.=on which=in which=for whichwhy引导的定语从句。引导的定语从句。先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句先行词是表示原因的名词，用引导定语从句。从句作状语。作状语。This is the reason why ( = for which ) I didnt come here

30、.The reason _ she gave was not true.whichthat1.Ill never forget the days_ we worked together. 2.Ill never forget the days _ we spent together. 3.I went to the place I worked ten years ago. 4.I went to the place _ I visited ten years ago. 5.This is the reason _ he was late. 6.This is the reason _ he

31、gave. when /in whichwhichwhere/ in whichwhichwhy/ for whichthat/which难点解析：几种易混的情况难点解析：几种易混的情况及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词及物动词定语从句精练题（1）1. We should learn from those _ are always ready to help others. A. who B. whom C. they D. that 2. Mr. Herpin is one of the foreign experts who _ in China. A. works B. is wo

32、rking C. are working D. has been working 3 . Tom is the only one of the students who _ to Shanghai. A. have gone B. have been C. has been D. had gone 4. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. which amA AC CC CB B5. The old man has two sons, _ are l

33、awyers. A. both of them B. both of who C. both of whom D. both of they6. He is a man of great knowledge, _ much can be learned. A. in whom B. about whom C. from whom D. of whom7 Do you know the man _ just now?A. to who I nodded B. I nodded to C. whom I nodded D. whom I nodded to him. 8. The man _ ha

34、s gone to Japan. A. whom I told you B. that I told you C. whom I told you about him D. I told you aboutC CC CB BD D9. Please pass me the dictionary _ cover is black. A. which B. its C. whose D. which of10. The radio set _ last week has been out of order. A. I bought B. I bought it C. which I bought

35、it D. what I bought11. All the apples _ fell down from the tree were eaten up by the pigs. A. which B. / C. that D. they12. I can tell you _ he told me last week. A. all which B. all what C. that all D. all thatCACD13. This is the biggest lab _ we have ever built in our university. A. which B. what

36、C. that D. where14. Is oxygen the only gas _ helps fire burn? A. that B. /C. which D. what15. Air, _ we breathe every day, is around us all the time. A. that B. /C. which D. it16. This is the museum _ we saw an exhibition the other day. A. that B. which C.where D. in thatCACC17. He must be from Afri

37、ca, _ can be seen from his skin. A. that B. as C. it D. what18. His father died last year, _ made it impossible for him to go abroad. A. when B. which C. as D. that19. _ is natural, he married Mary. A. It B. What C. Which D. As20. The buses, _ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd. A.

38、 most of them B. most of which C. which most D. that mostBBDB21. Matter is anything _ A. that take up space and have weight B. which take up space and have weightC. that takes up space and has weight D. those take up space and have weight22. I have many books, the best _ was borrowed by Mary. A. abo

39、ut them B. of which C. among them D. in whichCB定语从句精练题（2）23. She showed me the dictionary _ she paid a lot of money. A. by whichB. to which C. for which D. on which 24. Abraham Lincoln is a man _ I have the greatest respect. who B. to whom C. whom D. for whom25. Edison had one suit _ very little mon

40、ey, and which he wore until it was thin. A.which cost B.which costsC.which was cost D.which has costedCDA26. The people _ in the paper did not like it, but other readers liked it very much. A.who was written B.who were written C. who were written about D. whom were written about2 7 . F i n a l l y ,

41、 t h e t h i e f h a n d e d everything _ he had stolen to the police. A. which B. what C. whatever D. that28. His parents wouldnt let him marry anyone _ family was poor. of whom B. whom C. of whose D. whoseCDD31. The man _ talked to you just now is an engineer. A. who B. whose C. which D. what32. I

42、n fa c t t h e Sw e d e d id n o t understand the three questions _ were asked in French. A. where B. who C. in which D. which 33. These books _ he read some were written by Lu Xun. which B. among which C. of which D. with which34. I can still remember the sitting-room _ my mother and I used to sit

43、in the evening. A. which B. what C. that D. whereADCD35. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable. (2000)A.which price B. the price of whichC. its price D. the price of whose36. Is this the house _ he was born? A. at where B. which C. in which D. at which 37. A child _ parent

44、s are dead is called an orphan. A. Which B. his C. whose D. with38. The watch he _ went wrong again. A.had to be mended B. has mendedC. had had mended D.had been mendedBCCC定语从句精练题（3）39. He made another wonderful discovery, _ of great importance to science.A. which I think is B. which I think it isC.

45、 which I think it D. I think which is40. Then the great day came _ he was to march past the palace in the parade. A. where B. since C. when D. till41.I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week. Is that the reason _ you had a few days off? A. why B. when C. what D. whereACA48. This is not the only

46、apple _ has rotten away. A. whichB. that C. / D. what49. He seldom finishes his work on time, _ always makes his boss very angry. A. that B. as C. what D. which50. She is such a lovely girl _ is liked by everybody. A. what B. as C. thatD. whichBDB45. Mother bought me a new bike as my birthday presen

47、t, _ made me very happy. A. that B. which C. as D. it46. I, _ your friend, will help you out. A. who is B. who am C. that is D. I am47. My glasses, _ I was like a blind man, fell to the ground and broke. A. which B. with whichC. without D. without whichBBD定语从句精练题（4）57. I was so eager to leave that w

48、hen I stood in the hall, ready to leave, I didnt even think of saying good-bye to the friends _ I had eaten and slept for so many weeks. A. by whom B. of whom C. with whomD. with which58. The famous basketball star, _ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention. A. who B. when C. which D.

49、 where59. Gone are the days _ the working people suffered from cold and hunger. A. on that B. at whichC. when D. with whichCAC60. The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year , 80% _ are sold abroad . A. of which B. which of C. of them D. of that 61. There was _ time _ I hated to go

50、 to school .A. a; that B. a; when C. the; that D. the ; when 62. There are two buildings , _ stands nearly a hundred feet high . A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of whichABD63. What surprised me was not what he said but _ he said it . A. the way B. in the way