Grammar (10).ppt

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1、Translate the following sentences and tell what tense is used in each sentence.1. 他总是设法独自做每一件事。他总是设法独自做每一件事。 He always _ _. (时态：时态：_)2. 宇航员们目前为下一次飞行做准备。宇航员们目前为下一次飞行做准备。 The astronauts _ _ at present. (时态：时态：_) manages to do everything by himself一般现在时一般现在时 are preparing for the next flight现在进行时现在进行时3

2、. 在返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，在返回地球的途中，宇宙飞船开始旋转，失去了控制。失去了控制。 On their way back to the Earth, the spacecraft _. (时态：时态：_)4. 那一刻，全世界都在等待着向他们问候。那一刻，全世界都在等待着向他们问候。 At that moment, the whole world _. (时态：时态：_)began spinning out of control一般过去时一般过去时was waiting to greet them过去时行时过去时行时5. 在太空中，阿姆斯特朗接到缩短航程的命在太空中，阿姆斯特朗接

3、到缩短航程的命令。令。 In space, Armstrong _ _. (时态：时态：_)6. 因为他的出色表现，迄今他已经被授予了因为他的出色表现，迄今他已经被授予了五个奖项。五个奖项。 Because of _, _ so far. (时态：时态：_) received the order to cut the flight short一般过去时一般过去时he has been presented five awards 现在完成时现在完成时his excellent serviceSimple presentUsed for:1. a present state e.g. John l

4、ives in New York.2. daily routine and habits e.g. I always go to bed at 140 p.m.3. present actions that happen one after another e.g. School is over and the students go home.4. actions set by a timetable or schedule e.g. The talk show starts at 7 p.m.Present continuousUsed for:1. actions that happen

5、 right now e.g. Look! The reporter is interviewing the astronaut.2. actions that happen at the same time e.g. Mum is doing the housework and Dad is working on the computer.3. actions in a limited period of time e.g. I am working on a history project this week.4. arrangements for the near future e.g.

6、 I am leaving for Shanghai tonight.时态时态 用法用法特征词特征词一般现一般现在时在时1. 表示经常性、习惯表示经常性、习惯性的动词动作或现在性的动词动作或现在存在的状态。存在的状态。2. 表示事先安排好的表示事先安排好的事情。事情。always, often, usually, sometimes, seldom, never, every day现在进现在进行时行时1. 表示现在或现阶段表示现在或现阶段正在发生的动作。正在发生的动作。2. 表示事先安排好的表示事先安排好的即将发生的动作。即将发生的动作。at the moment, today, now,

7、right now, Listen! Look!e.g. I often go to school at 7 a.m. 我经常七点上学。我经常七点上学。 He is watching TV. 他正在看电视。他正在看电视。 I like collecting stamps. 我喜欢集邮。我喜欢集邮。 This month, they are preparing for the exam. 这个月他们正在准备考试。这个月他们正在准备考试。Millie is writing about what her family members are doing. Help her complete her

8、article with the correct tenses of the verbs in brackets.I (1) _ (have) a day out with my classmates this Saturday, so I (2) _ (need) a pair of trainers. Mum (3) _ (shop) online for me now. She often (4) _ (shop) online. Dad (5) _ (search) for information on the Internet. He (6) _ (visit) Japan next

9、 week. Grandpa (7) _ (read) the newspaper and Grandma (8) _ (watch) TV. I (9) _ (want) to write an email to Wendy before I (10) _ (go) to bed.will haveneedis shoppingshopsis searchingwill visitis readingis watchingwantgoSimple pastUsed for:1. Actions that happened in the past. e.g. Simon played foot

10、ball yesterday.2. Actions that happened one after another in the past. e.g. Simon came home, turned on the computer and checked his email.Past continuousUsed for:1. actions that were in progress at a certain time in the past e.g. Yesterday at 4 p.m., Simon was playing football.2. actions that happen

11、ed at the same time in the past e.g. Simon was playing computer games while Millie was watching TV.3. actions that lasted for some time in the past e.g. We were having a meeting from 9 a.m. to 11 a.m. yesterday.时态时态用法用法常用特征词常用特征词一般一般过去过去时时1. 过去发生或过去经常过去发生或过去经常发生的动作。发生的动作。2. 过去存在的状态。过去存在的状态。yesterday

12、, two years ago, last week, the other day, in 1999过去过去进行进行时时1. 表示过去某个时刻正表示过去某个时刻正在发生的动作在发生的动作2. 过去同一时间里同时过去同一时间里同时发生的两个动作。发生的两个动作。3. 过去一个时间段内持过去一个时间段内持续发生的动作。续发生的动作。at this time yesterday, from to , last nighte.g. Two months ago, I flew to London with my mother.两个月前，我和妈妈一起坐飞机到伦敦。两个月前，我和妈妈一起坐飞机到伦敦。Sh

13、e was reading while her mother was talking on the phone.当她妈妈在打电话时，她在看书。当她妈妈在打电话时，她在看书。She was shopping at 10 a.m. yesterday.昨天上午十点时她正在购物。昨天上午十点时她正在购物。Simon and his friends are talking about what they did after dinner last night. Complete their conversation with the correct tenses of the verbs in bra

14、ckets.Simon: I (1) _ (watch) a wonderful football match from 7 p.m. to 8:30 p.m. yesterday. My favorite team (2) _ (win) the match. Millie: I (3) _ (write) an email to Wendy at 7 p.m. yesterday. She (4) _ (send) me an email last week.Sandy: I (5) _ (practise) playing the piano the whole night. I (6)

15、 _ (take) part in a competition this morning. was watchingwonwas writingsentwas practisingtookPeter: Last night, I (7) _ (find) a website about travelling in space. I (8) _ (read) passages on the website while you (9) _ (play) the piano, Sandy.Daniel: I (10) _ (talk) to Aunt Jane on the phone at 7:3

16、0 yesterday evening. She (11) _ (call) me the day before yesterday, but I (12) _ (be not) at home then. foundwas readingwere playing was talking calledwas notn. 章节，乐段章节，乐段Simple pastUsed for:1. actions that happened in the past e.g. I bought a new bicycle yesterday.2. actions that happened at a cert

17、ain time in the past e.g. Kitty wrote an email to Linda an hour ago.Present perfectUsed for:1. emphasizing the result of a past action e.g. I have bought a new bicycle, so I can ride to school now.2. telling how many times an action has happened till now e.g. She has been to the USA twice.时态时态 用法用法注

18、意注意一般一般过去过去时时只强调过去的动作或状只强调过去的动作或状态，不与现在发生联态，不与现在发生联系系时态状语是过去的，时态状语是过去的，yesterday, in 1998等。等。现在现在完成完成时时1. 强调过去发生的动作强调过去发生的动作对现在产生的结果或影对现在产生的结果或影响。响。2. 强调过去发生的动作强调过去发生的动作一直持续到现在。一直持续到现在。3. 强调过去某个动作到强调过去某个动作到现在已经发生多少次。现在已经发生多少次。1. already, yet, ever, just, recently2. 在肯定句中与在肯定句中与“since +过去点时过去点时间、间、fo

19、r +段时间段时间”连用时，谓语动词连用时，谓语动词必须是延续性动词。必须是延续性动词。非延续性动词非延续性动词 延续性动词延续性动词 buyopenclosebegin/ startcomegofinishdiejoinget marriedhavekeepbe openbe onbe herebe therebe overbe deadbe in / be a member ofbeen married转换转换e.g. I lived in Sunshine Town three years ago. （一般过去时不强调现在的情况）（一般过去时不强调现在的情况） 我三年前住在阳光镇。我三年

20、前住在阳光镇。 He has lived in Sunshine Town since he was born. （表示他现在还住在阳光镇）（表示他现在还住在阳光镇） 他自出生就生活在阳光镇。他自出生就生活在阳光镇。The film has started for over ten minutes. （误）（误）The film has been on for over ten minutes. （正）（正）（与（与for, since等表示从过去到现在的等表示从过去到现在的时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性时间段连用时，肯定句中要用延续性动词）动词）电影已经开始十多分钟了。电影已经开始十多分钟

21、了。Millie is writing about some modern inventions that have changed the way we live. Help her choose the correct words in brackets to complete her article.Many modern inventions (1) _ (make/ have made) a great difference in out life. They (2) _ (changed/ have changed) the way we live.In ancient times

22、, people (3) _ (used/ have used) salt to help them keep fish or meat for a longer time. Fresh food would go bad in summer in a few hours. The invention of fridge (4) _ (solved/ has solved) this problem. have madehave changedusedhas solvedIn the past, people (5) _ (washed/ have washed) their clothes

23、by hand. It (6) _ (was/ has been) tiring, and it (7) _ (took/ has taken) a lot of time. With the invention of the washing machine, people (8) _ (had/ have had) more time to relax. In the old days, people (9) _ (travelled/ have travelled) by ship. Now planes (10) _ (made/ have made) journeys more comfortable. washedwastookhave hadtravelledhave made手工手工Remember the use of the six tenses in this lesson.