Unit 10 Grammar focus-4c.ppt

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1、To learn the usage of for and since1.-How long have you had that bike over there?-Ive had it for three years.2.-How long has his son owned the train and railway set?-Hes owned it since his fourth birthday.根据课本内容根据课本内容,完成下列句子。完成下列句子。1.那边那辆自行车你骑了多久了？那边那辆自行车你骑了多久了？_ have you had that bike over there?2.

2、我已经骑了三年了。我已经骑了三年了。Ive had it _.How longfor three years3.他的儿子拥有火车和轨道多久了？他的儿子拥有火车和轨道多久了？_ the train and railway set?4.他从四岁生日时就有了。他从四岁生日时就有了。Hes owned it _ _.since his fourth birthdayHow long has his son owned5.你踢过足球吗？你踢过足球吗？_ played football?6.是的，当我小的时候踢过。但是现是的，当我小的时候踢过。但是现在已经有好一阵没有踢过了。在已经有好一阵没有踢过了。Ye

3、s,I did when I was little,but I _ for a while now.Have you everhavent playedSam got sick two days ago.Sam has been sick for two days.Lily got her drivers license(执照执照)in 1999.Lily has had her drivers license since(自从自从)1999.Samhasbeensicksincetwodaysago.=Jim started to play tennis in January.Jim has

4、 played tennis since January.Mary moved to Hawaii in 1996.Mary has lived in Hawaii for about 18 years.现在完成时的持续性现在完成时的持续性How long have you had?你有多久了？I have had it for years.我买它有年了。现在完成时现在完成时用法:现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态，并可能还将持续下去并可能还将持续下去。1）常与for,since引导的时间段的时间状语时间段的时间状语连用.since,for的用法的用法:2）动词）动词使用延续性动词

5、使用延续性动词。此用法需注意两点：因为瞬间动词因为瞬间动词在肯定句、since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.疑问句中不能和不能和时间段时间段连用连用.since一段时间一段时间agofor时间时间段段;sincetwoweeksago=fortwoweeks;Ihavekeptthelibrarybookforaweek.=Ihavekeptthelibrarybooksinceaweekago.在现在完成时态中，for与与si

6、nce引导的时间引导的时间状语可以相互转换。状语可以相互转换。3)since+从句从句(句子要用一般过去时态）句子要用一般过去时态）ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）长达）for+时间段时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.含有含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀的现在完成时的用法歌诀:过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since 把时间带。把时间带。用用for和和since填空。填空。_three hours_three oclock_two days_yesterday

7、 afternoon_I came here_last Sunday_a week_a long time_1997 _two weeks_three years ago _ last monthforsinceforsincesincesinceforforsinceforsincesince2.短暂性动词短暂性动词(come,go,leave,buy)可可 以用于现在完成时。但不能用于带有以用于现在完成时。但不能用于带有 for或是或是since的肯定句中。的肯定句中。He has left Beijing for a week.He has not left Beijing yet.()

8、()注意：注意：在完成时中在完成时中,瞬间动词不能与一段时间连用瞬间动词不能与一段时间连用,须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。须将该瞬间动词改为延续性动词或状态动词。e.g.Ihaveboughtthisbookfor5days.Ithisbook5daysagohadbought常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变常见非延续性动词和延续性动词的转变第一类第一类：短暂动词：短暂动词be+adj.diefinishopen/closefallill/asleepmarrysb/getmarriedto第二类第二类：短暂动词：短暂动词be+介词介词.start/beginleavejoinbe

9、deadbeawayfrombein/beamemberofbeopen/closedbeonbeoverbeill/asleepbemarriedto第三类第三类：短暂动词：短暂动词另一个动词另一个动词buyborrowbecomeputonkeephavebewear 巧记瞬间性动词的转换巧记瞬间性动词的转换“开始开始离去借来还离去借来还，出生出生入入死死买买到到家家，穿衣穿衣入睡入睡要要感冒感冒，开开开开关关关关变变结束结束。”1 beginbe on6 returnbe back2 leavebe away from7 joinbe in3 gobe off8 diebe dead4

10、borrowkeep9 buyhave5 comebe here10 arrivebe here10 reachbe here11put onwear12fall asleepbe asleep13catch a coldhave a cold14openbe open15closebe closed16becomebe17end/finishbe over1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has been dead for 2 years.Nick has been in the army fo

11、r 3 years.He has been away from Shenzhen for a long time.I have kept the book for 4 months.在现在完成时中在现在完成时中短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用。为了表述这种意思，我们常将短暂性动词转变成相应的延续性动词来代替非延续性动词，或变成：It is+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.method 2:It is+时间段+since+一般过去时的句子.1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.It is 2 years si

12、nce his grandpa died.It is 3 years since Nick joined the army.It is a long time since he left Shenzhen.It is 4 months since I borrowed the book.A:How long have you studied in this school?B:I _ _(study)in this school for 2 years.havestudied=I _ _(study)in this school _2 years_.havestudiedsinceagoIt i

13、s two years _ I studied English.since4aRewritethesentencesusingfororsince.1.Jim is in Japan.He arrived there three days ago.2.They are very hungry.Their last meal was ten hours ago.They havent eaten for ten hours/since ten hours ago.Jim has been in Japan for three years.3.I have a camera.I bought it

14、 in 2009.4.I know Anna.I first met her three years ago.5.Linda is ill.She became ill on Monday.I have had a camera since 2009.I have known Ann for three years/since three years ago.Linda has been ill since Monday.4bFillintheblankswiththecorrectformsoftheverbsinbrackets.1.I _(never be)to the water pa

15、rk before.I want to _(go)next month before the weather gets too cold.2.They _(never own)any pets,but they _(always want)to have a dog.have never beengohave never ownedhave always wanted3.We _(have)a piano since last November.We _(buy)it from the Li family when they moved to the US last year.4.Cathy

16、and Amy _(not be)back to their hometown for two years.They _(miss)their hometown a lot and hope to visit the place next year.have hadboughthavent beenmissvery much5.This museum _(be)here for over 20 years.It _(be)one of the oldest buildings in this small town.has beenisAsk and answer questions to se

17、ll and buy something.Lets see which group raise the most money.Groupwork1.Do you have a(n)?How long have you had/owned?2.How long have you had it?3.How did you get it?Did someone give it to you?Who?4.Why are you selling it?5.How much is it/are they?Groupwork=Ive had this bike since three years ago.=Its three years since I bought this bike.=I bought this bike three years ago.Summary总结Discuss the question with your partner.Have you ever thought about having a yard sale to sell your things?What would you do with the money you raise?animal shelterchildrens home