2023年中考英语阅读理解复习.pdf

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1、2023中考英语阅读理解专题复习要领：(回归原文定位)【一)中考阅读理解的考查方式1.五大题型1)、主旨题要求在理解全文后归纳短文大意，概括中心思想或选择短文的标题。2)、细节题 即平时我们所说的W(who,what where,when;why.W hich)和 H(how)问题3)、词意题主要测试考生是否理解了文章的词义，一般情况下，正确答案就是对所询问的词，词组或句子的复述或解释。4)、推断题主要测试考生利用文章所给的信息进行推理判断的能力。一般是根据文章的有关事实，对作者意图，态度以及作者言外之意，进行符合逻辑的推理判断5)、观点态度题这一类考题大都要求考生就作者对论述对象持什么样的态

2、度做出推断，如作者对所陈述的观点是赞同、反对，还是犹豫不定，对记述或描写的人、物或事件是赞颂、同情、冷漠，还是厌恶。作者的这种思想倾向和感情色彩不一定直接表述出来，而往往隐含在字里行间。因此，进行这种推断时，我们既要依靠短文的主题思想作为推力的前提，又要注意作者的措辞，尤其是形容词一类的修饰语。2.具体形式(1)任务型阅读。(2)根据所读文章内容选择正确答案。【二)中考阅读理解命题特点试题的选材贴近考生的生活，时代气息浓郁。所选文章的体裁多样化。记叙文，说议论文，应用文，对话，图表，广告，小品等。1.题材具有广泛性。涉及日常生活，社会，政治，经济，文化，科技，地理，历史，人物传记，风土人情，实

3、用文体等。2.题量大，分值高。3.试题难度适中，符合大多数考生英语水平。三 中考阅读理解解题策略及方法1.细节理解题。严格按照三步走：首先看题目，划出关键词,区分不同选项；其次根据所划关键词回归原文定位;最后比对原文和选项，选出正确答案。一般难句都是出题点，这是应注意文中的同位语，破折号，括号，省略号等。设题方式1)Which of the following statement is true?2)Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?3)The author(or the passage)states that.4)Acco

4、rding to the passage,when(where,why,how,who,what,which,etc.)_?解 题 秘 诀(回 扣 原文)正确答案的特点：与原文情节表达手法不同，但所表达的意思相同。干扰选项的特点：1.是原文信息，但与题目要求不符；2.符合常识，但不符合原文内容；3.与原文情节极为相似，只是在程度上有些变动；4.选项中所提供的信息局部正确，局部错误；5.在意思上与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。2.词义推理题。我们可以利用阅读材料的信息，结合上下文来判断其特定含义，或者根据句子的语法关系分析、挖掘其含义。设题方式 the word In the passage pro

5、bably means.The word 、is closed in meaning to.(3)could best be replaced by which of the following?In the story the underlined word”means(5)Here“it means(6)The expression/phrase”means(7)The underlined word“it in the passage refers to.解 题 秘 诀(通过词根词缀词缀推测生词的含义。通过上下文推测生词的含义。通过语法关系推测生词的含义。)3,推理判断题考查短文中对作者

6、意图或文章中人物观点的理解，以及能从短文内容中推断出结论和作者的弦外之音等。对此要求学生把握住两点：一答案来源于原文，但不等同于原文；二是答案必须要忠实于原文，不能主观臆断。常见的设问形式：we can infer from the passage that(2)We can guess the writer of the letter may be(3)From the letter we re learned that it s very From the story we can guess(5)What would be happy if(6)The writer believes t

7、hat(7)The writer suggests that解题秘诀(依据原文认真比拟选项。)以原文内容为前提，据作者的观点理论(非考生观点)，客观地对文中未明显说明的现象或事例给予合理的逻辑推断，做出一定解释。如果选项中有两个或两个以上的选项都是成立的推理，那么选与原文主题最接近的答案。4.主旨大意题这类题是指那些针对文章的主要内容，主题，标题或写作目的所设的问题。设题方式(1)Whats the passage mainly about?(2)Whats the main idea of this passage?(3)Whats the topic of this article?(4)

8、Whats the best title for this passage?(5)The purpose of this passage is to(6)The article has been written to explain(7)We can learn from We can infer from this passage.解 题 秘 诀(抓主题 句)高频词，关键词A+关键词B+；不能太大；不能太小干扰项特点：1.以偏概全。干扰项只阐述了文章的一局部内容，也就是文章的局部信息。2.断章取义。干扰项常常以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的设置内容，或者以次要的事实或细节冒充全文的主要

9、观点。3.主题扩大。干扰项所归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。4.张冠李戴。命题者有意地把属于A 的特征放在B 的身上，构成一个干扰项。考生不注意的情况下，会造成错选答案。5.无中生有或似是而非。有的干扰项中的关键词语好似在文章中谈到了，但认真分析之后你会发现这类干扰项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。5.观点态度题设题方式The writers attitude toward.is.How did the writer feel作者在描述事实或传递信息时,不管他的意图是什么，其观点和态度都不可防止地在文章中反映出来。常见的涉及到作者态度的词有褒义类此(approving,positi

10、ve,optimisticjavorablesupportive,贬义类词(negative,critical,pessimistic,)和中性类此(impartial,objective,neutral)o不 是 解 的 选 项 indifferent漠 不 关 心 的 subjective主 观 的 unconcerned不 关 心 的contemptuous轻蔑的,hostile敌对的,biased片面的阅读理解解题方法：方法1.顺序法。即先看文章，然后看试题，再回到文章查找有关信息。该法适合于解题时间充足，文章篇幅较长，需要获取的信息较多或需要对全篇进行整体理解的场合。阅读时一般采取快

11、速阅读法注意关键词句和段落，找准主线，掌握大意，并能记住主要细节的分布点。2.逆向法。即先看试题，了解试题题干以及各个选项所包含的信息，然后有针对地对文章进行扫读，对相关信息进行快速定位，再将相关信息进行整合，分析，比照。有根据地排除干扰项，选出正确答案。该法有较大的针对性和准确性。适合于时间较紧，文章篇幅不长，需要获取信息不多，试题与文章联系紧密，不需要做深层次的理解3.标注法。即在通读短文和试题后，标注中心句并与试题有关的词句，段标注相应的题号。该法具有很大的针对性和稳妥性，便于对照分析和复查验证。有些学生在阅读时喜欢在不认识的单词以及不理解的句子，段落下面划线或打上标记，这是一个不好的习

12、惯，应以摒弃。加快阅读速度技巧：扩大视距。要以意群为单位，注重对整句话的理解，扩大注视空间。带问题阅读：先浏览短文后面的题目，做到心中有数，带着目的去阅读，以提高阅读实效。注意：题目中否认词AEmma has just finished travelling alone in Europe.Are you interested in her journey?Letsread some of her travel diaries.41.Emma was looking forward to this travel because.A.she had never taken a train rid

13、e beforeB.she could do anything she liked on the journeyC.she hoped to keep herself away from the busy life42.From the passage,we can know Salzburg is a great place for.A.enjoying classical musicB.buying childrens booksC.visiting history museums43.In Amsterdam,sheA.climbed the beautiful mountainsB.t

14、raveled along the river in a boatC.wrote some postcards in her hotel44.She didnt need to worry about her safety in Copenhagen because.A.there was very little crime thereB.the city was full of friendly peopleC.she thought she was careful enough.BWhen I opened my e-mail the other day,Rachel,a pretty w

15、oman,appeared on mycomputer screen.She greeted me by name and started talking happily.Sometimes she stoppedto smile at me or blow a kiss.It was cool,right?In fact,she was reading to me an e-mail frommy brother John.Rachel could be there because of a new technology called Facemail lets you send in a

16、funnyway.By using it,your e-mails can be read to the receiver by an attractive person or by aclown.You can download the software atwww.Facemail,comwithout paying.Facemail facesare lively and they can simulate the emotions that you put in you text.For example,type in,and Rachel blows a kiss.LifeFX,th

17、e company that developed the Facemail,is sure there are wide business uses.Whyis e-business not so popular now?One of the reasons is that buying online has no humantouch.But if you go to the Nike website,and the famous basketball star Michael Jordan greetsyou by name,serves you,and personallycloses

18、the sale,wont you be happy?Also,if mom cantbe home when kids get back from school,she can leave a note with a voice and picture on thescreen to tell them what there is to eat.Its true that Facemail makes life easy and fun,but it should be used with care.The clownlooks lively and funny at first.But i

19、f you choose the clown,put a few rude words in an e-mailand add some angry emotions,youve got a Psycho mail.46.In fact,who is Rachel?A.She is a pretty actress.B.She is Johns girlfriend.C.She is not a real person.47.What is the main advantage of Facemail?A.You dont need to pay for it.B.E-mail can be

20、attractive in a more lovely way.C.You can ask a beautiful woman to read the e-mail to you.48.What does the underlined expressioncloses the saleprobably mean?A.停止营业B.达成交易C.取消折扣49.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A.You shouldt choose a clown.B.Facemail can be widely used in busi

21、ness.C.Mom can show her kids how to cook by Facemail.50.What is the writers attitude（态度）towards Facemail?A.He thinks its a danger to the Internet.B.He thinks it needs further improvement.C.He thinks its a cool and funny technology.CLet children learn to judge（半 U断）their own work.A child doesnt learn

22、 to talk by beingcorrected all the time.If he is corrected too much,he will stop talking.He notices a thousandtimes a day the differences between the language he uses and the language others use.Little bylittle,he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other peoples.In the same way,ch

23、ildren learn to do all the other things without being taught-to walk,run,climb or ride a bicycle.They compare their performances with those of more skilled people,and slowly make the changes.But in school we never give a child a chance to find out hismistakes and correct them himself.We do it all fo

24、r him.We thought that he would never noticea mistake unless it was pointed out to him,to correct it unless he has made to.Soon he becomesdependent on the teacher.Let him work out with the help of other children if he wants it.If it is a matter in math or science,give him the answer book.Let him corr

25、ect his ownpapers.Why should we teachers waste time on such daily work?Our job should be to help thechildren when they tell us that he cant find the way to get the right answer.Let the childrenlearn what all educated persons must learn,how to measure（估量）their own understanding,how to know what they

26、know or do not know.Let them get on with this job in their ways.School teacherscan offer help if they ask for it.Some parents and teachers are worried that the children mightfail to learn something that they will need to get in the world.Dont worryllf it is important,theywill go out into the world a

27、nd learn it.51.According to the passage,the best way for children to learn things is by.A.being always correctedB.following adults adviceC.doing as other people do52.The writer thinks teachers in school should.A.encourage students to learn from each otherB.teach students how to get the answers direc

28、tlyC.tell students what is wrong as often as possible53.The underlined sentence in the third paragraph means.A.teachers cant correct studentspapersB.teachers neednt waste time teaching students in classC.teachers should help students improve their learning ability54.We can infer（推断）thatfrom the pass

29、age.A.studentscan face any challenge easilyB.studentscan learn a lot in the real lifeC.studentscan grow up without othershelp55.The best title of the passage may be.A.Let Us Teachers Stop WorkingB.Let Children Learn by ThemselvesC.Let Parents Understand Their Kids.vn.阅读理解（二）（每题io 分，共 2。分）根据短文内容，从方框内

30、的选项中选出能填入空白处的最正确选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.ARecently,a very simple question became widely spread online：what China should be proudof?（61）Lanlan,whose real name is Negar Kordi,is from Canada.She came to China five years agoand is a student at Ningbo University.Now she has 120,OOOfans on the Internet and the numb

31、eris still growing.Lanlan loves China and Chinese,（62）And thats why she is so well received among Chinesenet friends.The following is china in her eyes.It is the easiest country in which to find a job.If you are not too lazy,it is really very simpleto find a job in China.I believe therere more job c

32、hances here than in any other country in thew o ld.（63）About 400million Chinese are studying English.If they can speak good English in thefuture,China will have the greatest number of English speakers of any non-English speakingcountry.The speed of Chinese trains is fast.From Ningbo to Beijing,the t

33、rain runs 1,365kilometersfor seven hours and the ticket fare is only 595yuan.Its public security is great,（64）I have travelled in many countries,and I think China reallyis very sa fe.There are much more things China should be proud of.Many Chinese people often criticize（批评）China.At first,I believed

34、that they didnt like china or that they loved westerncountries.But later,I realized that they just set a very high standard for China.（65）China must be much better than other countries.A.The foreign language level is surprising.B.This country of 1.4billion people makes me feel safe.C.A foreign girl

35、living in china gave a very touching answer.D.They believe that its not enough to be number one in the world.E.She believes china will be the strongest country in the world in future.B阅读下面图文，简要答复所给问题，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上.According to new research,recently,some terrible events that teachers were abused（辱骂

36、）on some websites by students happened in the UK.It had a bad influence on schools andthe society.The British Teaching Union did a survey of 7500teachers.We can get someinformation from the following data（数据）and know how the teachers who were abused dealtwith the problem.You know teachers are often

37、destroyed by the terrible abuse.Some have lost theirconfidence to teach and have left school.The survey showed many of the bad comments relatedto teacherslooks,abilities and behaviors.Weve got another data from it.It SHOWS the badcomments were made by not only students but their parents.Please look

38、at the following chart.It is clear that we should take some methods to protect teachers from the abuse.We thinkthat the way to solve the problem is the better understanding among teachers,students andparents.Besides good communication,respecting（尊敬）each other is very important.If so,they can get on

39、well with each other.66.What result did these terrible events lead to according to the passage?67.From Chart One,how did 50%of the teachers deal with the abuse?68.What percent of the bad comments were made by parents in total?69.What is the way to solve the abuse problem according to the passage?70.

40、After reading the passage9 what do you think of this kind of social phenomenon(现象)？VIII.词语运用(每题10分，共 10分)请根据语篇内容，用方框中所给词的正确形式填空，使短文意思通顺、正确、连贯，并将答案填写到答题卡相应的位置上.方框中有两个词是多余项.I make teach after large controltry leaf small quiet before withoutAs a child,I got angry quite easily and was not good at commun

41、icating with others.I still remember it was an early autumn.Some(71)started to turn yellow and weatherbecame cool.One day,as I was getting ready for school,my mother carelessly handed me myfathers vest(背instead of(72).At that time,I was getting to have a(73)size than myfather,so when I put on the ve

42、st,I felt as if I wasnt able to breathe!I realized that it was a smallmistake which(74 by my mother,but somehow the breathless feeling was so strong that itmade me very angry.My mother said sorry with a smile,but I shouted at her(75)thinking much,I got it off my body so wildly that I made a hole in

43、it.I put on my own vest andrushed out of the house(76)my mother could stop me.Later,my mother shared her bad feelings with my father,See what your son hasdone.Instead of scold(责备)or beat me,my father(77 J asked my mother to mend the vest.Later when my mother told me about my fathers response,I felt

44、ashamed(惭愧的)of my badbehavior.My fathers gentle kindness(78)me a lesson which I would never forget.On that day,I decided not to let anger(79)me any longer.Of course,there are times whenI am angry.However,whenever that happens,I(80)to remember my fathers vest.It alwaysreminds me to think about othersfeelings when I get angry.