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1、2019年中考英语阅读理解专题复习（名师详细剖析解题技巧+实战训练，建议下载保存）（绝对精品文档，价值很高，值得下载打印）英语阅读理解是综合语言运用能力的一个重要方面，阅读理解题是占篇幅最长的、最耗时间的、生词最多的、单题分值最高的题型，当然，阅读理解也成为了学生们头疼的题型，下面就是初中英语阅读理解难点分析及高分秘诀，希望能助力同学

2、们取得更好的成绩！初中英语阅读理解难点分析 1.单词不认识很多同学都有这种感觉，平时课本上的单词自己都掌握了，为什么遇到阅读还是有很多看不懂呢?这类问题被归结为单词量不够。要解决这个问题，就是要多背单词，除此之外还要摸索规律。第一、人名、地名没必要较真。英语中有大量的词总是大写第一个字母的，而他们也大多属于专有名词，表示人名，地名

3、，事件。如 Adela、Manchester.NATOo遇到这类词完全可以视若罔闻。2.前缀、后缀有规律英语中有些词通过前面或者后面加一些字母，就会变成另一个词。如，regular-irregular,kind-kindness,前者通过加-ir变成起否定形式，后者通过在后面加-ness,变成了名词。归纳起来，一般说前缀变词义（如肯否定），后缀变词性。只要记住这个原则，平时在学习时有意识地去检验，

4、积累各种加前后缀的形式，就不至于稍加变化就不认识了。3.有的词是需要摸索的。在阅读题中，有的词是在文章中有提示的，因为英语写作有个潜在的规则，词语若非不得已，不要重复。秉承这个原则，我们可以在文章的结构平行处找线索。或是反义词，或是近义词，根据文章的具体情况，同学们不难作出一个比较有针对性的选择。4.考纲单词必须熟记。大纲要求的单词、

5、平时做题总是遇到的单词，生活中会经常遇到的单词，这些词是同学们发挥才智，施展所有做题技巧的基础。没有特别好的方法，就是有恒心一直背：把单词表上的词分类，单独把不会的列出来，分批背，平时总是遇到又不认识的，用一本笔记本把他们都记下来，天天反复天天背。文章看不懂“单词我都认识，文章说什么我就是看不懂。”也许有的同学会这样说。问题可能出在

6、这里：第一、单词不是真的都认识。英语中几乎每一个单词都不是只有一个释义，同学们所说的认识，也许只是这些单词的一个意思，有可能在文段中考查的是这个单词另外一个意思。这类情况要解决它，就把它当个生词来处理就行了。唯一不同的是，同学们对这类词的处理要注重在语境中理解，这样才能更好地区分不同词义。第二、语法句式不熟。这个原因更普遍一些

7、。阅读中的句子有的是很长的，有的是很怪异的。长的可能是加了从句（主语从句、宾语从句、定语从句、状语从句），怪的则有可能是倒装、插入语，这些语法点。解决这个问题就要解决语法弱项，认真学好每个语法现象，多去用学过的语法去分析英语句子。第三、没看到重点。中考英语中的文章还是有规律的，它们基本上都是段首写该段的中心，后面论述。第一段，最后一段容易

8、提出作者的观点。在处理好这些部分外，还要注意文段中表示转折的句子,其标志词常常是 but,while f however,in spite of this 等。阅读经常是花时间最多的题型。提高阅读速度大致有这样几条小建议：第一、平时多读，多读好处有很多如考试时能够不紧张，以平和的心态，正常的速度完成。总结做题技巧，如定位法，上下文联系法，排除法等。提高反应速度，我们看到

9、一个生词需要花一定的时间去反应，当经常见到某个词时，他对这个词的反应速度必定会很快。第二、考试时少读考试时的阅读如果归类于平时练习的题型，它更侧重泛读。考试考查的是同学们在规定时间内找到要求的信息的能力，不是复述文章细节的能力。那考试时读什么呢?大致有以下几类：中心句，中心段（首尾）;转折句;问题中出现的词，尤其是一些很有特点的

10、词如，专有名词。在文段中快速找到相应词语所在位置，问题的答案往往就在附近。第三、平时多去积累不同题型的解决方法如细节题定位法，观点题中心句法。在考试中遇到题目，能够对症下药。题目做不对考试后，总会有同学说：“文章我都看懂了，怎么还错这么多呀?”这时候与其去怀疑答案的权威性，还不如静下心好好分析一下，我真看懂了吗?我看懂的是问题问的内容

11、吗？如果真看懂了，那么看懂的是不是考卷要考查的内容呢?我们总会有这种心理，在看懂了一些不是很容易看懂的东西后，就很有成就感，就突然觉得这篇文章我理解了，然后就会在自己的理解和诠释下答题。这时候是最容易出错的，因为这时候我们已经不是在做客观题，而是做主观题。阅读考查的是读者对作者意图的接受程度，这就要求同学们身于其中，不能有太

12、多的发挥。图的接受程度，这就要求同学们身于其中，不能有太多的发挥。还有一种情况是，考试有些题目稍不留心就会看错，最常见的就是，According to thepassage,which of the following statements is not tru e?同学们在考场上很容易就看错。初中英语阅读理解高分秘诀 1.提高阅读理解能力我们看到一篇英文文章之后，首先了解文章的主旨大意（用

13、几个词或者一两句话来说,作者说了什么），其次，抓住跟这个主题相关的要点（围绕这个话题，作者说了“子丑寅卯”几个方面）.所以，我们阅读时，始终沿着“先总后分”的思路，去体会作者的意思。第一类：说明文和议论文一般来说，作者写文章主要就是“总分”或者“总分总”的结构，所以第一段往往就是“总至于分要点怎么找，阅读训练通常都会告诉我们去看每一段的第一句话，这

14、个方法也对也不对。如果是说明文、议论文，往往是这个套路，但是记叙文就不然了，特别是故事情节稍微复杂的记叙文。回到说明文和记叙文。作者通常都会按照自己的要点分段落、分层次地呈献给读者。围绕主题谈若干个方面每个方面分几个点，每个点下面可能还有小点。为了逻辑展示清晰，或者行文流畅，作者一般都会用表示数量的词汇（基数词、序数词、the other、a

15、nother等）、表顺序的词和短语（first of all、then、next等）。抓住这些词，就相当于抓住了要点中的 1、2、3 或者（1）（2）（3）。第二类：记叙文我们看到记叙文（比如故事），心里可以一直带着疑问词去读 who、where、when、what、why、how这个故事发生在什么时候、什么地方、有哪些当事人、发生了什么事情、怎么发生的、为什么会发生回答了这几个问题，文章的内容其实就清

16、晰了。此外，文章作者写故事的时候，很多人会遵循“起因发展转折（高潮）一结局”这样的思路，所以我们也还可以沿着这个思路，一边读，一边问自己，这样，文章的脉络就清晰了。2提高做题的能力做题的步骤首先，用 5 10秒钟的时间，扫一眼文章，看它是什么类型（记叙、说明、议论等），然后重点看看第一段的关键词、中文注释、再跳着看一些词汇，这个时候我们起码就知道了：文章

17、的主题什么，提到了哪些内容。不要忘了，人类有强大的脑补能力。然后，读文章后面的题目和选项，圈出其中的关键词。文章后面的问题，一般都是文章的关键内容，而且问题 W 页序基本上吻合文章内容的先后。第一步我们看了几个词，第二步看了问题，其实到这儿，文章的脉络就会比较清晰了。第三步，我们就带着提出的问题，去读文章。碰见刚才圈出来的那些关键词，就多

18、加留心，因为答题线索，往往就在这附近，而不是文章其它地方。之后的判断、检查，按部就班。3.出题人常挖的坑当然，我们不可能把所有坑都一一说一遍，这里就说几个主要的。1、留心表示“范围”和“可能”的词。主要也就是数量、频度、可能性的表达，比如 all、some、many、a few、sometimes.always,never,maybe、probablye出题人很喜欢在选项里面扩大或者缩小范围，来干扰

19、考生。比如文章说“多数人都有可能如何”，但是出题人会偷换概念，问你是不是“所有人都这样二 2、说法看似正确，却不是作者的意思出题人还喜欢制造一些，无中生有，的选这个选项的说法，单独拿出来，好像有道理，但是文章里面根本没有提到。这种方式,一般就是考查读者是真的读了文章，还是自己凭感觉做题。3、移花接木。有些文章本身就分包括多个部分，每个部分的

20、内容相对独立。比如，一篇谈各地环保措施的文章，分了几个部分，每部分各说了一个城市。出题人喜欢对这种包括多个部分的文章“移花接木”，把 A 部分的一点文字和 B部分的一点文字拼接起来，比如，A 部分说“张三分享住酒店的攻略”,B部分说“李四分享买机票的窍门”然后问“李四的酒店攻略如何如何二这样，分开看都对，确实有李四其人，确实有这些攻略，但是组合起

21、来就错了。把上面的内容综合起来说，无论是提高阅读理解能力，还是做阅读题的能力，都离不开词汇和语法知识；而且，都需要我们带着问题去阅读，从“主题”入手，先总后分。状元必练【言题精选，解析通悭逞法】AAnger is a kind of feeling.Many things can make you angry.When your teacher gives youtoo much homework,when your team loses an import

22、ant game,when a friend borrows yourfavorite video game and then breaks it,you can get really angry.Usually,your body will tell you when you are angry.For example,you breathe faster,yourface turns red,and you may want to break something or hit someone,but sometimes,you hideyour anger.For example,you

23、may hide it in your heart.The problem is that if you do this,youmay get a headache or your stomach may hurt.In facl,ifs not good to hide your anger,and its important for you to get angry sometimes.But anger must be let out in the right way,without hurting others or yourself.When you get angry,you ca

24、n talk about it with other people.Its helpful to talk about youranger with an adult,such as a parent,a teacher,etc.When you talk about anger,those bad feelingscan start to go away.Here are some other things you can do when you start to feel angry:talk to agood friend;count from 1 to 100;give someone

25、 a hug;go for a bike ride;think about good things,etc.Remember that how you act when you are angry can make everything better or worse.Dontlet your anger control you.1.According to the passage,which of the followings WONT make you angry?A.A lot of homework.B.Losing a game.C.Getting something from fr

26、iends.D.Your broken video game.2.Its better to when feeling angry.A.hide it B.hit someoneC.talk about it D.breathe faster3.From the passage,we know that it is to get angry.A.helpful B.normalC.wrong D.strange答案：l.C 2.C 3.B思路分析：I.C o 本题考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第一段 When your teacher gives you

27、too muchhomework,when your team loses an important game,when a friend borrows your favorite videogame and then breaks it,you can get really angry.可得知当你作业太多，输掉比赛，或心爱的电子游戏被朋友弄坏时，你会很生气。C 选项文章没有提到，故选 C。2.C o本题考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第四段 When you get angry,you ca

28、n talk aboutit with other people.可得知当你生气时，向别人倾诉你的怨气是不错的方式，故选 C。3.B o 本题考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第三段 it，s important for you to get angrysometimes.可得知人生气是正常现象，故选 B。BThere was a man who had a little boy that he loved very much.Every day after work the manwould come

29、 home and play with the little boy.He would always spend all of his spare timeplaying with the little boy.One day,while the man was at work,he realized that he had extra work to do for the evening,and that he wouldnt be able to play with his little boy.But,he wanted to be able to give the boysomethi

30、ng to keep him busy.So,looking around his office,he saw a magazine with a large map ofthe world on the cover.He got an idea.He removed the map,and then patiently tore it up intosmall pieces.Then he put all the pieces in his coat pocket.When he got home,the little boy came running to him and was read

31、y to play.The manexplained that he had extra work to do and couldnt play with him,but he led the little boy into thedining room.He took out all the pieces of the map and spread them on the table.He explainedthat it was a map of the world,and that by the time he put it back together,his extra work wo

32、uldbe finished and they could both play.Surely this would keep the child busy for hours,he thought.About half an hour later the boy came to the man and said,Okay,its finished.Can we playnow?”The man was surprised,saying,Thats impossible.Lefs go and see.,And sure enough,there was the picture of the w

33、orld,all put together,every piece in its place.The man said,Thats amazing!How did you do that?”The boy said,i t was simple.On theback of the page was a picture of a man.When I put the man together,the whole world fell intoplace.1.The man told his son to put a map back together b e c a u s e.A.he had

34、r little time to play with his sonB.he was tired of playing with his sonC.he had to overwork in the officeD.he wanted his son to play alone2.The son spent putting the map back together.A.thirty minutes B.several hoursC.the whole evening D.the whole day3.What can you infer from this story?A.Children

35、often make adults mad.B.Adults know little about children.C.Sometimes children surprise adults.D.Adults always care for their children.答案：LA 2.A 3.C思路分析：1.A o本题考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第二段 he realized that he had extra work to do forthe evening,and that he wouldnt be able to play with his l

36、ittle boy.可得知由于他平时总在业余时间陪儿子一起玩，这一天有额外的工作要做，所以他没有时间再和孩子一起玩了，故选 A。2.A。本题考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第四段 About half an hour later the boy came to theman and said,Okay,ifs finished.,9可得知孩子只用了半个小时就拼完了这幅世界地图，故选 A。3.C o本题考查对文章细节的

37、理解和判断。由文章最后两段 The man was surprised和 Theman said,Thats amazing!”可以推断出有时孩子们所做的事会让大人感到很吃惊。故选 C。有 F 状元试题其义演练，可击我元（-）You need 3D glasses to see some films.I think it is easy to make your own 3D glassesinstead of buying them.There are two ways to make 3D glasses

38、.You can decide which way would be easier fbr you.The first way seems like the cheaper way but the things needed to make the glasses this waymay not be things laying around the house.First print out a template（模板）for the glasses athttp:paperproject.org/PDF files/3dglasses.pdf.After you cut out the

39、template,cut your cellophane（玻璃纸）to fit the holes in the glasses.Make sure you place the red cellophane on the left eye and the blue on the right.You can eitherstick or tape the cellophane in place.You are now ready to use your glasses.To learn more about why your eyes see different colors,read th

40、is article:http:nzphoto.tripod.eom/sterea/anaglyphs.htm#redcyan.To learn some more cool things about your eyes,check out the games at this link:http:/faculty.washington.edu/chudler/chvision.htmlAnother way you can make 3D glasses is to find an old pair of sunglasses.Take out the lenses（镜片）.Get a pi

41、ece of clear plastic and place the lenses on it,draw a line around the lens and thencut the new plastic lens out.Place the lens back into the sunglasses frame（框）.Color the left lensred with a marker and the right eye blue.You now are ready to watch 3D films.1.When do we need to use 3D glasses?A.When

42、 the sun is bright.B.When we cook dinner.C.When we make things.D.When we see some films.2.If we want to know why our eyes see different colors,we can find the information atA.http:DaDerproject.org/PDF Ples/3dglasses.pdfB.http:nzphoto.tripod.eom/sterea/anaglyphs.htm#redcyanC.http:/faculty.washington.

43、edu/chudler/chvision.htmlD.http:does the writer think of making our own 3D glasses?A.Easy.B.Hard.C.Interesting.D.Boring.（二）Computers are useful machines.They can help people a lot in their everyday life.Forexample,they can help people save much time,and they can help people work out many problemsthe

44、y cant do easily.Our country asks everyone to learn to use computers except the old people.Today more and more families own computers.Parents buy computers for their children.They hope computers can help them improve（提高）their studies in school.Yet many of thechildren use computers to play games,to

45、watch video or to sing Karaoke,instead of studying.Somany teachers and parents complain(抱怨)that computers can not help children to study butmake them fall behind.So computers are locked by parents,in the boxes.In some other countries,even some scientists hate computers.They say computers letmillion

46、s of people lost their jobs or bring them a lot of trouble.Will computers really bring trouble to people or can they bring people happiness?It will bedecided by people themselves.()1.Why do we say the computer is a useful machine?B e c a u s e.A.our country asks us to learn it B.it can help us a lot

47、C.we can use it to play games D.it can help us to find jobs()2.What do many teachers and parents complain about?A.Their students and children use computers to play games.B.Computers let them lost their jobs.C.Computers make the students and children fall behind.D.Computers bring people a lot of trou

48、ble.()3.In this passage we know c o m p u t e r s.A.also bring us trouble B.bring us happiness onlyC.are hated by people D.are bad for peoples health()4.How do you understand the last sentence of this passage?I think it m e a n s.A.computers are used by peopleB.people can live well without computers

49、C.one must decide how to use computersD.computers are strange machines（等试题套案（一）1.D 2,B 3.A1.D o考查对文章细节的理解。由文章第一句 You need 3D glasses to see some films.可得知 3 D眼镜是用来看电影的。2.Bo 考查对文章细节的理解。.由 To learn more about why your eyes see different colors,readthis a ticle:httD

50、:TZDhoto.triDod.eom/sterea/anaglyDhs.htm#redcyan.可知答案。3.Ao 考查对文章细节理解。由 There are two ways to make 3D glasses.You can decide whichway would be easier for you.可得知作者认为制作 3 D眼镜很容易。（二）l.B 2.C 3.A 4.C1.B 细节理解题从第一段第二句话“They can help people a lot in their everyday life.”可

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