英语倒装句(最全面_最简洁).pptx

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1、第1页/共27页基本语序基本语序（natural ordernatural order）：）：主语主语+谓语谓语+宾语宾语（subject+predicate+subject+predicate+objectobject）I love EnglishI love English.谓语谓语+主语主语完全倒装完全倒装(full(full inversion)inversion)Here came the headmaster.助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语 +动词动词部分倒装部分倒装(partial inversion)Nerve will I forgive you.第2页/共27页一

2、、完全倒装一、完全倒装1.There be1.There be结构。另外,在此结构中可以用来代替bebe动词的动词有:exist,seem,:exist,seem,happen,appear,live,rise,standhappen,appear,live,rise,stand等。Therestoodadogbeforehim.Thereexistdifferentopinionsonthisquestion.例题:_abeautifulpalace_thefootofthehill.A.Therestand;atB.Therestands;underC.Standsthere;underD

3、.Therestands;at第3页/共27页2 2，(1).(1).在以在以herehere、therethere、nownow、thenthen等副等副词开头的句子里。词开头的句子里。句式：副词句式：副词vivi名词主语名词主语 “Here,There,Now,Then+come(或be,go,lie,run)+主语结构。Herecomestheoldlady!Thencamethehourwehadbeenlookingforwardto.Nowcomesyourturn.如果主语是人称代词,主语和谓语语序不变，不用倒装。如:Hereyouare.Thereshecomes.第4页/共2

4、7页(2).(2).表示方向的副词表示方向的副词out,in,up,downout,in,up,down等等置于句首置于句首,要用全部倒装。要用全部倒装。如果主语是人称如果主语是人称代词代词,就不用倒装。就不用倒装。如如:IncameMr.White.Upwentthearrowintotheair.Away went the boy.题：There_.Andhere_.A.goesthephone;shecomesB.isthephonegoing;isshe C.doesthephonego;doesshecomeD.thephonegoes;comeshe第5页/共27页注意：在上述句子

5、中，如果主语为人称代词，则主、谓不需要倒装。Inhecameandbackhewentagain.3.3.当表示地点的介词词组当表示地点的介词词组(如如on the wall,on the wall,under the tree,in front of the house,under the tree,in front of the house,in the middle of the roomin the middle of the room等等)在句首时。在句首时。句式：介词短语句式：介词短语vivi主语（必须是名词）主语（必须是名词）如：Atthefootofthehillliesabe

6、autifullake.Eastofthelakelietwotowns.Underthetreewaslyingawoundedsoldier.第6页/共27页4.4.分词分词(代词代词)+be+)+be+主语主语 结构。结构。Walkingattheheadofthelinewasourteacher.Suchwasthestoryhetoldme.题题：_,amanofachievements,deepthoughts,butwithsimplehabits.A.EinsteinwassuchB.SuchwasEinsteinC.EinsteinwassoD.SowasEinstein_

7、arethedayswhenteacherswerelookeddownupon.A.Gone B.GoC.TogoD.Going第7页/共27页5 5，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强，某些表语位于句首，保持句子平衡，以强调表语调表语.句式：表语系动词主语（必须是句式：表语系动词主语（必须是名词）名词）1)1)表语为介词短语表语为介词短语Among the goods are Christmas trees,flowers,candles and toys.2)2)表语为形容词表语为形容词Present at the meeting were Mr White and many othe

8、r guests.第8页/共27页4)4)表语为进行时态中的现在分词表语为进行时态中的现在分词 Lying on the floor was a boy.Standing beside the desk was a teacher.3)3)表语为过去分词表语为过去分词Seated on the ground are a group of young people.第9页/共27页二、部分倒装二、部分倒装 部分倒装是把部分倒装是把bebe动词、情态动词、助动动词、情态动词、助动词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词词放到主语之前。如果句子中没有这些词,要在主语之前加助动词要在主语之前加助动词do/

9、does/diddo/does/did等等,而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。而把原来的谓语动词变成原形放在主语之后。第10页/共27页1.1.句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。句首状语为否定词或半否定词的句子。这类词或短语主要有这类词或短语主要有never,neither,nor,little,seldom(很少，不常）很少，不常）,rarely（很少，罕有）（很少，罕有）,hardly,scarcely（几乎不，简直没有）（几乎不，简直没有）,no sooner（立即）（立即）,by no means（决不）（决不），not only,in no way（决不）（决不）,at no

10、time,few,not,no等等,句式：句式：“否定词否定词/词组助动词词组助动词/情态动词情态动词/be/be动词主语动词主语其他其他”。Not until+Not until+从句从句/时间状语时间状语+主句（部分倒装）。主句（部分倒装）。No sooner had sb done thanNo sooner had sb done than；Hardly/scarcely had Hardly/scarcely had sb done whensb done when 刚刚刚刚就就 Not only+Not only+分句（部分倒装）分句（部分倒装）but also+but also+

11、分句（不倒装）分句（不倒装）注意：注意：not onlynot only置于句首置于句首but(also)but(also)部分不倒装，部分不倒装，第11页/共27页1)Hardly _ the airport when the plane took off.A.I had arrived atB.had I arrivedC.had I reachedD.I had got to2)Have you ever seen anything like that before?No,_ anything like that before.A.I never have seen B.never I

12、have seenC.never have I seen D.I have seen3)She is not fond of cooking,_ I.A.so amB.nor amC.neitherD.nor do第12页/共27页2.Only+2.Only+状语（副词状语（副词/介词短语介词短语/状语从句）状语从句），位于句首，位于句首 ,要部分倒装。要部分倒装。Only by this means is it possible to explain it.(介词短语)Only then did I realize the importance of math.(副词)Only when t

13、he war was over in 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.(从句)注意：注意：在在onlyonly状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，状语从句主句结构中，主句倒装，但从句用正常语序。但从句用正常语序。onlyonly修饰主语，不倒装。修饰主语，不倒装。第13页/共27页3.so3.so或或soso引导的短语放在句首引导的短语放在句首,前半部分倒装。前半部分倒装。I saw the film,so did she.So So loudly did he speak that even people in the next room

14、could hear him.1)ThedoctortoldCharlietobreathedeeplyand_.A.sodidCharlieB.CharliedidsoC.CharliedoessoD.didCharlieso2)Soloudly_that_hearherclearly.A.didshespeak;couldeveryoneB.didshespeak;everyonecouldC.shespoke;couldeveryoneD.shespoke;everyonecould第14页/共27页4.Not only+4.Not only+分句分句,but also+,but als

15、o+分句分句 句句型中的前一分句要部分倒装。型中的前一分句要部分倒装。但not only.but also.连接主语时,不倒装。如:Not only the mother but also the children are sick.如：_himselfwrong,buthisfriendswerewrong.A.NotwasonlyheB.NotonlyheC.NotonlywasheD.Notonlywas第15页/共27页5 5、as/though(as/though(虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句。虽然，尽管）引导的让步状语从句。句式：名词句式：名词 形容词形容词 副词副词 动词动词

16、分词分词+asthough+asthough+主语主语+其他其他如如:Although I am ugly,I am gentle.Although I am ugly,I am gentle.Ugly as I am,I am gentle.Ugly as I am,I am gentle.Though he is a child,he has to make a living.Though he is a child,he has to make a living.Child as he is,he has to make a living.Child as he is,he has to

17、 make a living.注意注意：从句的表语是名词，其名词前：从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何不加任何冠词冠词第16页/共27页6.6.用于用于So/neither(nor)+be(have,So/neither(nor)+be(have,助动词或情助动词或情态动词态动词)+)+主语主语+其他的句子其他的句子表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即表示两人的同样一个情况时，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用上、下句所使用的动词、时态要一致。否则要用so so it is withit is with/It is the same with/It is th

18、e same withHe has been to Beijing.So have I.Tom cant answer the question.Neither/Nor can I.第17页/共27页So+be/So+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语某人也是如此某人也是如此Nor/neither+be/Nor/neither+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词+主语主语某人也不是如此某人也不是如此So+So+主语主语+be/+be/助动词助动词/情态动词情态动词某人确实如此某人确实如此如：如：I have never been to I have never been to G

19、uangzhou University,Guangzhou University,neither/nor has he.neither/nor has he.我从来没有去过广州大学，我从来没有去过广州大学，他也是他也是第18页/共27页7.7.在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were,were,had,shouldhad,should等词，可将等词，可将if if 省略，把省略，把 were,had,were,had,should should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。（1）If I were you,I would work h

20、ard.Were I you,I would work hard.（2)If it should rain tomorrow,we would put off our meeting.Should it rain tomorrow,we would putoff our meeting注意：我们可以说Were it not.或者Had it not been.,但不可以说Weren t it.或者hadnt it been.第19页/共27页8.8.句首是表频率的副词及短语（句首是表频率的副词及短语（often,well,often,well,many a time,now and again

21、,once a many a time,now and again,once a week,now and then,every other dayweek,now and then,every other day 等等)开头的句子中开头的句子中,要用部分倒装结构。要用部分倒装结构。如如:Many a time has John given me good advice.Many a time has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Often have we made that test.题：Manyatime_s

22、wimmingalone.A.theboywentB.wenttheboyC.didtheboygoD.didgotheboy第20页/共27页9,9,在某些表示祝愿的句型中在某些表示祝愿的句型中如：如：May you all be happy.May you all be happy.Long live China!Long live China!第21页/共27页巧记倒装句巧记倒装句在带有倒装句的复合句（或并列句）中，到底应在何处倒装，下面的顺口溜可以帮助你较容易地掌握其结构形式。NB前倒后不，O，NU主倒从不倒，2N前倒后也倒，NM前后均不倒。第22页/共27页NB代表Not only，

23、but also引导的并列句。not only位于句首时，所引导的前面的分句倒装，后面的分句不倒装。故此称为“前倒后不倒”。如：1）Not only did he come，but also he was very happy 2）Not only was everything that he had taken away from him，but also his German citizenship（was taken away）第23页/共27页OO代表代表onlyonly状语从句；状语从句；NUNU代表代表Not Not untiluntil状语从句。此两种结构位于句首状语从句。此两种

24、结构位于句首时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：时，倒装主句而不倒装从句，即：“主主倒从不倒倒从不倒”。如：如：1 1）Only when he told me did I know Only when he told me did I know itit 2 2）Not until I began to work did I Not until I began to work did I realize how much time I had wastedrealize how much time I had wastedNo soonerNo soonerthanthan，HardlyHardl

25、yScarcelyScarcelywhenwhen等句型也属此类用法等句型也属此类用法。如：如：No soonerNo sooner（HardlyHardly）had we reached had we reached home thanhome than（whenwhen）it began to rainit began to rain第24页/共27页2N2N代表代表NeitherNeithernornor所引导的并所引导的并列句。列句。2N2N若位于两分句之首，则前后若位于两分句之首，则前后分句均倒装。即分句均倒装。即“前倒后也倒前倒后也倒”。如：如：Neither do I know her name，nor does he.NMNM即即No matterNo matter引导的状语从句。此引导的状语从句。此时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即时前面从句及后面主句均不倒装。即“前前后均不倒后均不倒”。如：No matter how busy he is，he always comes to help us第25页/共27页Bye-bye!第26页/共27页感谢您的观看！第27页/共27页