2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高二上学期期中考试英语试卷(含答案).pdf

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1、2022-2023-1 雅礼中学高二上期中考试 英 语 时量：120 分钟 满分：150 分 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分 30 分）略 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分 50 分）第一节 （共 15 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 37.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。A If youd rather eat out on Thanksgiving or order the meal to go,you have no shortage of options.Here are some Chicago restaurants celebrating t

2、he holiday with a variety of dishes on offer.Cyranos Bistrot and Wine Bars,546 N.Wells St Go French for Thanksgiving,with Cyranos six-course to-go menu.Its packed with four appetizers;four vegetable sides;pumpkin soup;a choice of turkey,duck or chicken;a cheese plate,and desserts.Also included:rehea

3、ting instructions.The cost is US$39 a person.To order,call(312)467-0546.Fairmont Chicago,200 N.Columbus Drive The hotel is going retro(怀旧的)and green this year with its Thanksgiving to-go menu,from organic green bean casserole(砂锅)made with mushroom soup to organic mashed potatoes with bacon bits and

4、sour cream.The meal,which serves 8 to 10,is US$195,plus tax.Orders must be in by 3 p.m.Wednesday.To order,call(312)565-6665.Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club,3700 N.Halsted St The restaurant celebrates Thanksgiving a day early with a three-course menu on Wednesday.Menu items include a wild mushroom tar

5、t(馅饼)with Gruyere and Cabernet-marinated steak with Havarti mashed potatoes.The US$35 dinner each,tax and tip not included,includes a martini.For reservations,call(773)525-1111.Lawrys The Prime Rib,100 E.Ontario St The star of the Thanksgiving menu is organic,free-range turkey from Pennsylvania.To-g

6、o dinner package also will be offered,with 10 percent of proceeds(收益)going to the Greater Chicago Food Depository.Carry-out packages range from US$27 for an individual turkey dinner to US$480 for a meal serving 12 to 14.Orders must be placed by Tuesday.Call(312)787-5000.Popeyes,various locations Thi

7、rteen of the chicken chains Chicago locations are taking orders now for takeout fried turkeys.The turkeys,which serve 8 to 10,range from US$40 to US$45.Use the restaurant locator at for locations and phone numbers.21.If a person wants to order sweet food like pudding,he or she should dial _.A.(312)4

8、67-0546 B.(312)787-50000 C.(773)525-1111 D.(312)565-6665 22.Which restaurant offers the cheapest meal for each person?A.Cyranos Bistrot and Wine Bar.B.Fairmont Chicago.C.Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club.D.Lawrys The Prime Rib 23.If a 13-member family wants to celebrate Thanksgiving at home,they should

9、 order food in _.A.Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club B.Fairmont Chicago C.Cyranos Bistrot and Wine Bar D.Lawrys The Prime Rib B I enjoy throwing stuff away.Id love to go full minimalism(极简主义),but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing in it.I have tried.When t

10、he kids were little,I taught them my two favorite games “Do We Need It?”and“Put It in Its Place”and made them play every few months.Their enthusiasm never matched mine.If Im going to be honest,my own tidying skills are not as great as Id like.My“discarded”pile is never quite the trash mountain I wan

11、t because I make up excuses for why things are useful.I consider this unhealthy.I want to be better at moving on.So,this time I found help the classics for people like me:The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up,by Marie Kondo.Kondos commitment to her craft is astonishing.Her philosophy is only to keep

12、 things you love.Can I go full Kondo?I will try.One central idea is to clean by category.You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration.It makes you rethink how you organize.Next,hold each item and ask if it brings you joy.This way youre choosing what to keep.And t

13、hats how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor.My wife walks by and gives me a look that says Im nuts.Shes probably not wrong.Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket.I move through the pile:pants,shirts,suits and shoes.Then my last category:jackets.I havent worn

14、the thing in about 30 years.Somehow,it has survived.Now that Im striving to follow Kondo surely,its time has come?I hold it in my hand.There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it.Its literally falling apart.Will I ever wear it again?Not a chance.Does it feel good to wear?Does it b

15、ring me joy?Actually,yes.At this moment,my daughter walks in.She asks about the jacket.I tell her the story.She thinks I should keep it.Its cool and unique and full of memories.She is arguing that nostalgia(怀念)is the very reason.Im not entirely convinced by my daughters arguments.I believe in lookin

16、g ahead,not backward.Nevertheless,sometimes its hard to let go.So I gently place the jacket on the“keep”pile.24.What does the underlined word“discarded”probably mean in Paragraph 2?A.adjusted B.reserved C.abandoned D.tidied 25.What drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?A.To

17、 learn how to categorize.B.To improve his tidying skills.C.To persuade his family members.D.To develop passion for minimalism.26.What is the attitude of the authors family members toward minimalism?A.They dont understand it.B.They completely support it.C.They are strongly opposed to it.D.They are le

18、ss passionate about it.27.Whats the best title for the text?A.Knowing when to let go B.Classifying what you love C.Throwing worn-out clothes D.Keeping valuable possessions C Running is often tiring and a lot of hard work,but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the

19、 track.But while its long been believed that endorphins(内啡肽)chemicals in the body that cause happiness are behind the so-called“runners high”,a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from severa

20、l German universities,a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids(内源性大麻素)may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To test this theory,the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and humans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise,along with many other che

21、micals.After exercising on running wheels,the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed.However,when their endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug,their runners high symptoms seemed to fade.“The lon

22、g-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false.Endorphins are effective pain relievers,but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after working out,”Patrick Lucas Austin wrote.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans,but its already w

23、ell known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even prescribes(开药方)exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.“Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy which might put you off being more active.Regular exercis

24、e can boost your mood if you have depression,and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate(中等的)depression it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we get after a good workout,even if we dont fully understand where it comes from.At least if were feeling down,we

25、 know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.28.What did scientists from German universities recently discover?A.Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.B.The runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.C.Endorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running

26、.D.The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.29.The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to _.A.find what reduces the runners high symptoms B.see the specific symptoms of the runners high C.identify what is responsible for the runners high D.test what influences t

27、he level of endocannabinoids released 30.The underlined word“notion”in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to _.A.effect B.goal C.question D.belief 31.According to the UKs National Health Service,regular workouts _.A.are the best way to treat depression B.can help ease depression symptoms C.only wor

28、k for those with serious depression D.can help people completely recover from depression D A team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly.The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems.Designed to do wh

29、at a fly does naturally,the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly.Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“Its extremely important for us to think about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,”said Robert Wood,the H

30、arvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade.A few years ago,his team got the go-ahead to start piecing together the components.“The added difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have

31、to develop them all on our own,”he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly.“The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of interdependencies on the individual components,each of which individually has to perform well,but then has to be matc

32、hed well to everything its connected to,”said Wood.The flight device was built into a set of power,computation,sensing and control systems.Wood says the success of the project proves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic fly is linked

33、 to a small,off-board power source,the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source,so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites,in farmers fields or on the battlefield.“Basically,it should be able to take off,land and fly around,”he said.Wood says the design o

34、ffers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale.Yet,the power,sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications.“You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions,you know,to study biology in ways that would be difficul

35、t with the animals,but using these robots instead,”he said.“So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what drives us on a day to day basis.”32.Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?A.They did

36、 not have sufficient fund.B.No ready-made components were available.C.There was no model in their mind.D.It was hard for them to assemble the components.33.What do we know about the robotic fly?A.The robotic fly has been put into wide application.B.The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a c

37、ontrol system.C.The robotic fly can collect information from many sources.D.The robotic fly can fly well with the cooperation of individual components.34.Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A.The robotic fly can replace animals in some experiments.B.Animals are not allowed in biol

38、ogical experiments.C.The robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.D.There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.35.What is the main idea of the passage?A.The development of robotic fly B.Robotic fly promotes engineering science C.Harvards efforts in making robotic fly D.Robotic fly imit

39、ates real life insect 第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2.5 分，满分 12.5 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。There is an English saying:“36 “Until recently,few people took the saying seriously.Now,however,doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body.37 Tests were carried out t

40、o study the effects of laughter on the body.People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts,blood pressure,breathing and muscles.It was found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise.38 If laughter exercises the body,it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laugh

41、ter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body.In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to different radio programs.The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program.39 40 They have found that eve

42、n if their patients do not really feel like laughing,making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laughter.A.Laughter can prolong ones life.B.As a result of these discoveries,some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to imp

43、rove their patients condition by encouraging them to laugh.C.The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.D.It increases blood pressure,the heart beating and breathing;it also works several groups of

44、 muscles in the face,the stomach and even the feet.E.Although laughter helps cure the disease,doctors still cannot put this theory into clinic practice.F.Laughter is the best medicine.G.They have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分 30 分）第一节（共 15 小题；每小题 1 分，满分 15 分）

45、阅读下面短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。When Pete Eckert started going blind,he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art.In his 20s at the time,Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to 41 the results to him.But the process was driving his wife

46、 42 .So,in search of a more instant medium,he turned his hand to photography.“When I started out,digital cameras hadnt 43 traditional photography shops yet,”Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento,California.“I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten 44

47、 questions.I went every day.And by asking questions and getting 45 ,I learned.”More than two decades after entirely losing his sight from an eye disease,Eckert has 46 a successful career as a self-taught photographer now.When he first 47 the world of photography,Eckert would go on short trips at nig

48、ht with his dog for 48 .He began by photographing statues,though he soon 49 more interesting subject matter.“To take photos of sculptures isnt really 50 because the art is already there,”he said.“What I was looking for was a way of showing what 51 is like.”This new focus resulted in a 52 kind of pho

49、tographic beauty images 53 of ghostly figures and artfully vague(模糊的)lines that no one had ever tried before.Eckerts images arent 54 metaphors(暗喻)for blindness.Many of them have been shot to literally represent what his mind sees,offering sighted people a clear 55 into his world.41.A.predict B.descr

50、ibe C.question D.confirm 42.A.worried B.lonely C.crazy D.disappointed 43.A.run into B.given away C.put off D.wiped out 44.A.professional B.academic C.difficult D.important 45.A.belief B.expectation C.judgment D.instruction 46.A.established B.introduced C.spotted D.ruined 47.A.put up with B.stood up