2022-2023学年湖南省长沙市雅礼中学高二上学期期中考试 英语 试卷（含答案）.docx

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1、2022-2023-1雅礼中学高二上期中考试英 语时量：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力(共两节，满分30分)略第二部分阅读(共两节，满分50分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AIf youd rather eat out on Thanksgiving or order the meal to go, you have no shortage of options. Here are some Chicago restaurants celebrating the holiday with a var

2、iety of dishes on offer.Cyranos Bistrot and Wine Bars, 546 N. Wells StGo French for Thanksgiving, with Cyranos six-course to-go menu. Its packed with four appetizers; four vegetable sides; pumpkin soup; a choice of turkey, duck or chicken; a cheese plate, and desserts. Also included: reheating instr

3、uctions. The cost is US$39 a person. To order, call (312)467-0546.Fairmont Chicago, 200 N. Columbus DriveThe hotel is going retro,怀旧的)and green this year with its Thanksgiving to-go menu, from organic green bean casserole(砂电曷)made with mushroom soup to organic mashed potatoes with bacon bits and sou

4、r cream. The meal, which serves 8 to 10, is US$195, plus tax. Orders must be in by 3 p.m. Wednesday. To order, call (312)565-6665.Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club, 3700 N. Halsted StThe restaurant celebrates Thanksgiving a day early with a three-course menu on Wednesday. Menu items include a wild mush

5、room tart(馅饼)with Gruyere and Cabernet-marinated steak with Havarti mashed potatoes. The US$35 dinner each, tax and tip not included, includes a martini. For reservations, call (773)525-1 111.Lawrys The Prime Rib, 100 E. Ontario StThe star of the Thanksgiving menu is organic, free-range turkey from

6、Pennsylvania. To-go dinner package also will be offered, with 10 percent of proceeds(U攵益)going to the Greater Chicago Food Depository. Carry-out packages range from US$27 for an individual turkey dinner to US$480 for a meal serving 12 to 14. Orders must be placed by Tuesday. Call (312)787-5000.Popey

7、es, various locationsThirteen of the chicken chains Chicago locations are taking orders now fbr takeout fried turkeys. The turkeys, which serve 8 to 10, range from US$40 to US$45, Use the restaurant locator at 亿for locations and phone numbers.21. If a person wants to order sweet food like pudding, h

8、e or she should dial.A. (312)467-0546 B. (312)787-50000 C. (773)525-1111D.(312)565-6665Which restaurant offers the cheapest meal for each person?A. Cyrano9s Bistrot and Wine Bar.B. Fairmont Chicago.C. Kit Kat Lounge and Supper Club.D. Lawrys The Prime RibIf a 13-member family wants to celebrate Than

9、ksgiving at home, they should order food inA. Kit Kat Lounge and Supper ClubB. Fairmont ChicagoC. Cyranos Bistrot and Wine BarD. Lawrys The Prime RibBI enjoy throwing stuff away. Td love to go full minimalism(极简主义),but my wife and two teenage kids do not share my dream of a house with almost nothing

10、 in it. I have tried. When the kids were little, I taught them my two favorite games “Do We Need It? and “Put It in Its Place” 一 and made them play every few months. Their enthusiasm never matched mine.If Tm going to be honest, my own tidying skills are not as great as Id like. My “discarded pile is

11、 never quite the trash mountain I want because I make up excuses for why things are useful. I consider this unhealthy. I want to be better at moving on.So, this time I found help - the classics for people like me: The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up, by Marie Kondo. Kondos commitment to her craft

12、is astonishing. Her philosophy is only to keep things you love. Can I go full Kondo? I will try. One central idea is to clean by category. You start by collecting all clothes and gathering them together for consideration. It makes you rethink how you organize. Next, hold each item and ask if it brin

13、gs you joy. This way youre choosing what to keep. And thafs how I find myself with all my clothes on my bedroom floor. My wife walks by and gives me a look that says Im nuts. Shes probably not wrong.Somewhere near the bottom of this chaos is my special jacket. I move through the pile: pants, shirts,

14、 suits and shoes. Then my last category: jackets. I havent worn the thing in about 30 years. Somehow, it has survived. Now that Im striving to follow Kondo surely, its time has come?I hold it in my hand. There is a tear just below the collar that widens as I hold it. Its literally falling apart. Wil

15、l I ever wear it again? Not a chance. Does it feel good to wear? Does it bring me joy? Actually, yes. At this moment, my daughter walks in. She asks about the jacket. I tell her the story. She thinks I should keep it. Its cool and unique and full of memories. She is arguing that nostalgia（怀念）is the

16、very reason.Im not entirely convinced by my daughters arguments. I believe in looking ahead, not backward. Nevertheless, sometimes its hard to let go. So I gently place the jacket on the keep” pile.22. What does the underlined word discarded probably mean in Paragraph 2?A. adjustedB. reservedC. aban

17、donedD. tidiedWhat drives the author to read The Life-Changing Magic of Tidying Up?A. To learn how to categorize.B. To improve his tidying skills.C. To persuade his family members.D. To develop passionforminimalism.23. What is the attitude of the authors family members toward minimalism?A. They dont

18、 understand it.B. They completely support it.C. They are strongly opposed to it.D. They are less passionate about it.24. Whats the best title for the text?A. Knowing when to let goB. Classifying what you loveC. Throwing worn-out clothesD. Keeping valuable possessionsCRunning is often tiring and a lo

19、t of hard work, but nothing beats the feeling you get after finishing a long workout around the track.But while it5s long been believed that endorphins（内 啡月太）chemicals in the body that cause happiness are behind the so-called “runners high，a study suggested that there may be more to this phenomenon

20、than we previously knew.According to a recent study published by a group of scientists from several German universities, a group of chemicals called endocannabinoids（内源性大麻素）may actually be responsible for this familiar great feeling.To test this theory, the scientists turned to mice.Both mice and hu

21、mans release high levels of endorphins and endocannabinoids after exercise, along with many other chemicals. After exercising on running wheels, the mice seemed happy and relaxed and displayed no signs of anxiety.But after being given a drug to block their endorphins they changed. However, when thei

22、r endocannabinoids were blocked with a different drug, their runner high symptoms seemed to fade.“The long-held notion of endorphins being responsible for the runners high is false. Endorphins are effective pain relievers, but only when it comes to the pain in your body and muscles you feel after wo

23、rking out J Patrick Lucas Austin wrote.Similar studies are yet to be carried out on humans, but its already well known that exercise is a highly effective way to get rid of stress or anxiety.The UKs National Health Service even prescribes（开药方）exercise for patients who are suffering from depression.“

24、Being depressed can leave you feeling low in energy which might put you off being more active. Regular exercise can boost your mood if you have depression, and its especially useful for people with mild to moderate（中等的）depression it wrote on its website.It seems like nothing can beat that feeling we

25、 get after a good workout, even if we dont fully understand where it comes from. At least if were feeling down, we know that all we have to do is put on our running shoes.25. What did scientists from German universities recently discover?A. Working out is a highly effective way to treat depression.B

26、. The runners high could be caused by endocannabinoids.C. Endorphins may contribute to ones high spirits after running.D. The level of endorphins and endocannabinoids could affect ones mood.26. The scientists gave mice drugs in their experiment to.A. find what reduces the runners high symptomsB. see

27、 the specific symptoms of the runners highC. identify what is responsible fbr the runners highD. test what influences the level of endocannabinoids releasedThe underlined word notion in Paragraph 7 has the closest meaning to.A. effectB. goalC. questionD. beliefAccording to the UKs National Health Se

28、rvice, regular workouts.A. are the best way to treat depressionB. can help ease depression symptomsC. only work for those with serious depressionD. can help people completely recover from depressionDA team of engineers at Harvard University has been inspired by Nature to create the first robotic fly

29、. The mechanical fly has become a platform for a series of new high-tech integrated systems. Designed to do what a fly does naturally, the tiny machine is the size of a fat housefly. Its mini wings allow it to stay in the air and perform controlled flight tasks.“Its extremely important fbr us to thi

30、nk about this as a whole system and not just the sum of a bunch of individual components,said Robert Wood, the Harvard engineering professor who has been working on the robotic fly project for over a decade. A few years ago, his team got the go- ahead to start piecing together the components. The ad

31、ded difficulty with a project like this is that actually none of those components are off the shelf and so we have to develop them all on our own,“ he said.They engineered a series of systems to start and drive the robotic fly. The seemingly simple system which just moves the wings has a number of i

32、nterdependencies on the individual components, each of which individually has to perform well, but then has to be matched well to everything its connected to J said Wood. The flight device was built into a set of power, computation, sensing and control systems. Wood says the success of the project p

33、roves that the flying robot with these tiny components can be built and manufactured.While this first robotic fly is linked to a small, off-board power source, the goal is eventually to equip it with a built-in power source, so that it might someday perform data-gathering work at rescue sites, in fa

34、rmers, fields or on the battlefield. Basically, it should be able to take off, land and fly around/9 he said.Wood says the design offers a new way to study flight mechanics and control at insect-scale. Yet, the power, sensing and computation technologies on board could have much broader applications

35、. You can start thinking about using them to answer open scientific questions, you know, to study biology in ways that would be difficult with the animals, but using these robots instead,“ he said. So there are a lot of technologies and open interesting scientific questions that are really what driv

36、es us on a day to day basis.”Which of the following statements was the difficulty engineers met while making the robotic fly?A. They did not have sufficient fund.B. No ready-made components were available.C. There was no model in their mind.D. It was hard for them to assemble the components.27. What

37、 do we know about the robotic fly?A. The robotic fly has been put into wide application.B. The robotic fly consists of a flight device and a control system.C. The robotic fly can collect information from many sources.D. The robotic fly can fly well with the cooperation of individual components.28. W

38、hich of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The robotic fly can replace animals in some experiments.B. Animals are not allowed in biological experiments.C. The robotic fly is designed to learn about insects.D. There used to be few ways to study how insects fly.29. What is the main idea

39、of the passage?A. The development of robotic flyB. Robotic fly promotes engineering scienceC. Harvards efforts in making robotic flyD. Robotic fly imitates real life insect第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多 余选项。There is an English saying: “36 Until recently, few people t

40、ook the saying seriously. Now, however, doctors have begun to look into laughter and the effects it has on the human body. 37Tests were carried out to study the effects of laughter on the body. People watched funny films while doctors checked their hearts, blood pressure, breathing and muscles. It w

41、as found that laughter has similar effects to physical exercise. 38 If laughter exercises the body, it must be beneficial.Other tests have shown that laughter appears to be able to reduce the effect of pain on the body. In one experiment doctors produced pain in groups of students who listened to di

42、fferent radio programs. The group that tolerated the pain for the longest time was the group which listened to a funny program. 3940 They have found that even if their patients do not really feel like laughing, making them smile is enough to produce beneficial effects similar to those caused by laug

43、hter.A. Laughter can prolong ones life.B. As a result of these discoveries, some doctors in the United States now hold laughter clinics in which they help to improve their patients9 condition by encouraging them to laugh.C. The reason why laughter can reduce pain seems to be that it helps to produce

44、 a kind of chemicals in the brain which diminish both stress and pain.D. It increases blood pressure, the heart beating and breathing; it also works several groups of muscles in the face, the stomach and even the feet.E. Although laughter helps cure the disease, doctors still cannot put this theory

45、into clinic practice.F. Laughter is the best medicine.G. They have found that laughter really can improve peoples health.第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选 项。When Pete Eckert started going blind, he decided to channel his feelings of loss into art. In h

46、is 20s at the time, Eckert would spend whole days preparing drawings and woodcuts before asking his wife to 41 the results to him. But the process was driving his wife 42. So, in search of a more instant medium, he turned his hand to photography.“When I started out, digital cameras hadnt 43 traditio

47、nal photography shops yet,“Eckert said on the phone from his home in Sacramento, California. I would go to those photography shops and buy two rolls of film and ask ten 44 questions. I went every day. And by asking questions and getting 45, I learned.”More than two decades after entirely losing his

48、sight from an eye disease, Eckert has 46 a successful career as a self-taught photographer now. When he first 47 the world of photography, Eckert would go on short trips at night with his dog for 48. He began by photographing statues, though he soon 49 more interesting subject matter. To take photos

49、 of sculptures isnt really 50 because the art is already there J he said. What I was looking for was a way of showing what 5j is like.”This new focus resulted in a 52 kind of photographic beauty images 53 of ghostly figures and artfully vague（模糊的）lines that no one had ever tried before.Eckerts images arent