必刷卷05 -2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷（北京专用）（含答案解析）.docx

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1、绝密启用前2022年高考英语考前信息必刷卷05北京地区专用北京属于自主命题地区，2022年统考英语听说考试与笔试分离，实行计算机考试，一年两次考试，取 听说最高成绩与笔试成绩一同组成英语科目成绩计入高考总分。英语听说考试共计50分，英语科目总成绩 满分150分。第一次考试将于2021年12月11日进行，第二次考试将于2022年3月19日进行。笔试部分 题型：完形填空（10小题，满分15分）+短文填空（三篇短文10小题，满分15分）+阅读理解（四篇短 文14小题，满分28分）+七选五（5小题，满分10分）+阅读回答问题（4小题，满分12分）+书面表达 （1小题，满分20分）本套试卷完形填空是一篇

2、记叙文。是一篇记叙文。叙述了一位富有的女士遇见一个曾经帮助过她乞丐, 让他到她的公司任职。短文填空（A篇是说明文，一群接受了专门的滑雪技能训练医生在冬奥会期间提供 了医疗服务；B篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了中国的空间站的相关信息；C篇是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了因 病不能参加训练，但最终参加了马拉松比赛）。阅读理解（A篇是是一篇应用文。主要就如何保证个人信息 不被泄露给出了建议；B篇是一篇记叙文。主要介绍了作者的朋友Matt在遭遇车祸，克服困难，最终回归 正常生活的故事；C篇是一篇说明文。主要介绍了公平贸易；D篇是议论文。一些事实证明大学也许不是高 中毕业后每个年轻人最好的、合适的、唯一的地方）。七

3、选五是一篇说明文。主要介绍了四个减压方法。阅 读表达是一篇说明文。书面表达是应用文。（满分100分；考试时间：90分钟）第一部分 知识运用（共两节，30分）第一节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上 将该项涂黑。 very hard lives. Farmers work hard to grow crops, but sometimes the weather is bad, and their fields dont produce much. Or sometimes the price of

4、what people produce goes down, and they cant earn enough to support their families. In some industries, workers are not fairly paid to make products cheaper. The fair trade movement tries to solve these problems by taking care of the people whose work benefits consumers.Fair trade is difficult to de

5、fine because it includes multiple organizations in many countries. These organizations encourage distributors （分销商）to pay a specified （指定的）minimum price for products. This minimum is often higher than the market price, but it makes sure producers earn enough to make a living. Distributors also pay s

6、ome additional money that goes to the community that produced the product. This money is spent to thrive the community. For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either of which benefits everyone who uses it.To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standa

7、rds related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensive, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs. These standards can vary from industry to industry to reflect the details of the various production processes.What does this mean for you? Many

8、fair-trade organizations offer certification for products made with fair-trade ingredients （成分）.There are different levels of certification depending on what percentage of the ingredients are fair trade. Certain websites can help you find fair-trade products.Buying fair-trade products when possible

9、is important because it communicates that you want companies to be involved in fair trade. Businesses need to make money, so manufacturers （制造商）are more likely to use fair-trade ingredients if they know people will pay for them. Ifs also important for your own integrity. Buying fair trade ensures th

10、at youre not benefiting from someone else*s suffering. If you want to help more, you can write to companies you buy from and ask them to use fair-trade ingredients. In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.28 . The fair trade movement aims to.A. guide farmers to

11、produce more cropsB. help the people who make the products we useC. tackle the problem of food shortage in rural area D. encourage consumers to purchase more products 29. What does the underlined word thrive” in Paragraph 2 mean?A. Rebuild.B. Develop.C. Recover.D. Decorate.30. In the fair trade move

12、ment, the consumers need to pay a higher price because. A. distributors are in charge of the market priceB , the products labeled fair trade are of higher qualityorganizations in fair trade encourage them to do sothey need to pay for the expense to meet the high criteria【答案】. B 29. B 30. D【解析】这是一篇说明

13、文。主要介绍了公平贸易运动试图通过照顾那些工作对消费者有利的人来解决这些问题。 公平贸易就是要帮助那些通过劳动帮助你的人。28 .细节理解题。根据最后一段最后一句In short, fair trade is about helping people who help you through their labor.（简而言之，公平贸易就是要帮助那些通过劳动帮助你的人）“所以公平贸易运动的目的就是帮助那些 生产我们使用的产品的人。故选B。29 .词句猜测题。根据第二段最后一句For example, they might build a school or dig a well, either

14、 of which benefits everyone who uses it.（例如，他们可能会建一所学校或挖一口井，其中任何一种都会让使用它的人 受益）”可知，这个例子是在解释这些钱被用在了社会发展上，是人类获益。故选B。30 .细节理解题。根据第三段前两句To be labeled fair trade, products have to be made following certain high standards related to treating workers well and protecting the environment. This can be expensiv

15、e, but the higher prices paid by purchasers cover the extra costs.（要想被贴上公平贸易的标签，产品必须按照与善待工人和保护 环境有关的某些高标准来生产。这可能会很贵，但买家支付的较高价格抵消了额外的成本）”可知，消费者 支付较高的价格主要是因为他们需要支付费用来满足高标准生产。故选DoDThe case for college has been accepted without question for more than a generation. All high school graduates ought to go,

16、says conventional wisdom and statistical evidence, because college will help them earn more money, become better“ people, and learn to be more responsible citizens than those who dont go.But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone. And now that close to half our high school gradua

17、tes are attending, those who dont fit the pattern are becoming more numerous, and more obvious. College graduates are selling shoes and driving taxis; college students interfere with each others experiments and write false letters of recommendation in the intense competition for admission to graduat

18、e school. Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop out-often encouraged by college administrators.Some observers say the fault is with the young people themselvesthey are spoiled and they are expecting too much. But that is a condemnation of the students as a whole, and doesnt explain al

19、l campus unhappiness. Others blame the state of the world, and they are partly right. We have been told that young people have to go to college because our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of tra

20、ined twenty-two-year-olds, either.Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only place for every young person after the completion of high school. We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down,

21、it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college expeiiences. Perhaps college doesnt make people intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, or quick to learn things-may it is just the other way around, and intelligent, ambitious, happy, liberal, quick-learning people are merely the one

22、s who have been attracted to college in the first place. And perhaps all those successful college graduates would have been successful whether they had gone to college or not. This is heresy to those of us who have been brought up to believe that if a little schooling is good, more has to be much be

23、tter. But contrary evidence is beginning to mount up.31 . According to the passage all of the following statements are true EXCEPT.A. about half of the high school graduates continue their studies at schoolcollege graduates are believed to be able to earn more moneyadministrators often encourage col

24、lege students to drop outmore and more young people are found unfit for college32 . According to the passage, the problems of college education partly originate in the fact that.A. society cannot provide enough jobs for properly trained graduateshigh school graduates do not fit the pattern of colleg

25、e educationtoo many students have to earn their own livingcollege administrators encourage students to drop out 33. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean? A. Our college experience proves that those surveys are incorrect. B. The surveys may remind us of our beautiful college experien

26、ces. C. The surveys should all be re-examined according to our college experiences. D. Our college experiences may make us misunderstand the results of the surveys. 34. What is the main purpose of this passage?A. To argue against the idea that college is the best place for all young people.B , To pu

27、t forward an idea that college should not be the first choice.C. To value young peoples further education in colleges.D. To persuade young people into working after the completing of high school.【答案】. C 32. A 33. D 34. A【解析】这是一篇议论文。传统认为上大学能帮助他们挣更多的钱，成为“更好的”人，成会比别人更负责任的公 民，但是一些事实证明大学也许不是高中毕业后每个年轻人最好的

28、、合适的、唯一的地方。31 .细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Other find no stimulation in their studies, and drop outoften encouraged by college administrators.（另一些学生在学习上没有动力，因此退学这通常是受到大学管理人员的鼓 励。厂可知，大学管理人员鼓励那些学习上没有动力的学生退学，C项“大学管理人员常鼓励学生退学”描述 错误，故选C项。32 .细节理解题。根据第三段最后两句We have been told that young people have to go to college bec

29、ause our economy cant absorb an army of untrained eighteen-year-olds. But disappointed graduates are learning that it can no longer absorb an army of trained twenty-two-year-olds, either.（我们被告知，年轻人必须上大学，因为我们的 经济不能吸收一支未经训练的18岁少年大军。但失望的毕业生们发现，它也无法再吸收一大批受过训练的 22岁青年。厂可知，大学教育出现的问题一部分是源于社会不能为受过良好训练的毕业生提供足

30、够的工作。 故选A项。33 .句意猜测题。根据文章内容可知，传统认为所有高中生都应该上大学，因为上大学能帮助他们挣更多 的钱，成为“更好的”人，成会比别人更负责任的公民，但是一些事实证明大学也许不是高中毕业后唯一和最 好的选择。结合戈U线句句意We may have been looking at all those surveys and statistics upside down, it seems, and through the rosy glow of our own remembered college experiences.（似乎我们通过记忆中的大学经历的玫瑰 色光辉而可能一

31、直在颠倒着看所有这些调查和统计数据。广可知，此处意为“我们的大学经历可能使我们误 解了调查的结果。”故选D项。34 .推理判断题。通读全文，结合第二段首句But college has never been able to work its magic for everyone.（但 大学从来就不能为每个人发挥它的魔力。）”及最后一段首句Some adventuresome educators and watchers have openly begun to suggest that college may not be the best, the proper, the only plac

32、e for every young person after the completion of high school.（一些富有冒险精神的教育者和观察家已经公开表示，对于每个高中毕业的年轻人 来说，大学可能不是最好、最合适、唯一的地方。）”可知，本文目的是反对大学是所有年轻人最好的地方这 一观点。故选A项。第二节（共5小题；每小题2分,共10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选 项中有两项为多余选项。No one can be free from the sickening stress and anxiety from time t

33、o time. Not even that happy-go-lucky guy you see walking down the street whistling Always Look on the Bright Side of Liffe”, since they are a part of the life. 35 Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.BreatheTaking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations i

34、snt just one of those old wives tales.36. Doctors say that slow, deep breathing can effectively cool down the angry blood thats running aroundyour body, allowing your brain and body to return to their normal functions.WalkMany hearsay techniques for dealing with stress often raise a few eyebrows. Bu

35、t a whole host of scientific evidence exists to suggest that walking is one of the best methods available. If youre ever feeling the tension building up in your brain and body, drop everything and simply go for a walk. 37 Such a nice walkprovides your body with an ideal outlet for the build-up of en

36、ergy that stress can create.Laugh38. But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day, youll soon begin tofind that the effects of stress slowly slip away. When you laugh, the body releases happy hormones that ease tension brought on by stress.FriendsSurrounding yourself wi

37、th the people you love can be half the battle to defeating stress. When you are stressed, even sitting at home with a cup of tea with a friend can really help to relieve high levels of stress as it focuses your mind onto something you love. Dont hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends

38、whenever you feel stressed. 39.A. After all, thats what friends are fbrSo your friends will feel relieved soonIfs a medically proven stress-relief techniqueWhat can be done is to find ways to deal with themB. Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normallyHearty laughs allow you to feel happy an

39、d healthy againIf youre stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laughing【答案】D 36. C 37. E 38. G 39. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了四个减压方法。35.空前谈到，“since they are a part of the life.”可知，压力与焦虑是生活中的一部分，谁也难以幸免，和下 文“Listed here are proven ways to control stress and anxiety.（这里列出了一些行之有效的控制压力和焦虑的方 法

40、）”可知，虽然无人幸免，但有控制的方法。故D项What can be done is to find ways to deal with them （唯 一能做的就是设法控制它们）符合语境。故选D。35. 根据空前“Taking a long and deep breath to calm yourself in stressful situations isnt just one of those old wivestales.（进行较长和深呼吸可以让你在有压力的环境中平静下来并不是无稽之谈户以及空后的医学解释 可知，C项Ifs a medically proven stress-relie

41、f technique（这是一个在医学上被证明有效的减压方法）符合语境, medically呼应下文的doctorso故选Co根据空后“Such a nice walk provides your body with an ideal outlet fbr the build-up of energy that stress can create.（这样一次好的散步为你的身体提供了一个理想的出口，让压力产生能量）”推知，空项会谈到如何 散步，故E项Remind yourself to walk slowly and breathe normally（散步时记得提醒自己要做到气定神闲）符合 语境

42、。故选E。36. 根据本节小标题 Laugh,特别是空后的转折关系“But if you are able to squeeze out even the smallest laugh during your day,you41 soon begin to find that the effects of stress slowly slip away.（但是如果你每天挤出一点笑， 你将会开始发现压力在慢慢减弱广可知，感到压抑时我们最好还是笑笑。G项If you9 re stressed, the last thing you probably feel like doing is laugh

43、ing （在你感到压抑的时候，你最不想做的很可能就是笑）符合语境，与下 文形成明显的转折关系。故选G。37. 根据空前Dont hesitate to reach for the phone and ring your friends whenever you feel stressed.（当你感至压 力大的时候，给朋友打电话不要迟疑厂可知，空项很可能是要解释为什么可以这样贸然给朋友打电话的理由。 A. After all, thafs what friends are for（毕竟，朋友就该是呼之即来的）符合语境。故选A。第三部分书面表达（共两节，32分）第一节（共4小题；第40、41题各2

44、分，第42题3分，第43题5分,共12分）阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。Your Food Choices Affect the Earths ClimateEvery action has a cost, even for growing food and delivering it to your dinner plate. A team of researchers hasfound that meat production releases more climate-warming pollution than it does when produc

45、ing fruits, vegetables, nuts and grains. Their calculations suggest that people could do a lot to slow global warming if they limited the amount of meat they eat.There are plenty of costs“ of food. As to the visible costs, people pay money for the food as well as the fuel needed to get groceries to

46、the store or restaurant. And there are less-visible costs“ of food as well. Producing foods takes resources, for example, the water used to irritate （灌1既）crop fields or the fertilizer and chemicals used to promote plant growth and fight pests.Peter Scarborough at the University of Oxford in England

47、decided to calculate some of the less-visible pollution created by food production. His team focused on greenhouse gases emitted through the production of our food, including carbon dioxide （CO2）, methane （甲烷）and the nitrous oxide （氧化亚氮）.All three gases are powerful in warming the earths atmosphere.

48、They conducted a series of experiments and fed the data collected into a computer and then included the amount of greenhouse gases linked with producing nearly 100 common foods. Then the computer matched those greenhouse-gas amounts to the mix of foods each person had reported eating.It shows that t

49、he diet of someone whose meals included an average of 50 to 99 grams of meat each day would be responsible for the daily release of 5.6 kilograms of CO2 equivalent （等量）while those vegans had the lowest diet-linked greenhouse-gas emissions （2.9 kg of CO2 equivalent）.It is concluded that reducing the intake of meat and other animal-based products can make a valuable contribution to climate change reduction. And co