2022年中考英语名词性从句讲解含练习.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神名词性从句 主语从句 主语从句的语序 主语从句要求使用陈述句语序,而非一般疑问句语序；如：What surprised me most was that the little girl could play the violin so well. 使我感到惊奇的是这个小女孩的小提琴拉得太好了；How he was successful is still a puzzle. 他是如何胜利的仍旧是个谜；连接词的选用（1）that 和 what 的选用that 和 what 都可引导主语从句；可作从句的主语、宾语或表语；而 接词

2、作用；如：what 除起连接作用外,仍在名词性从句中充当某些成分,that 在名词性从句中不充当任何成分,无词义,只起连What he wants is a book. 他想要的是一本书；That light travels in straight lines is known to all. （2）if 和 whether 的选用众所周知,光线沿直线运行；引导主语从句,不能用 if,只能用 whether ；如：Whether we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather. 我们明天是否在户外开晚会要

3、看天气而定；（3）其它连接代词和副词的选用依据主语从句的详细意义,正确的挑选who, which, when, where, why, how等连接词,这些连接词既有疑问含义,又起连接作用,同时在从句中充当各种成分；如：When we shall hold our sports meet is not decided. 我们何时举办运动会仍没有打算；Who broke the glass yesterday is not clear. 仍不清晰昨天谁打破了玻璃；Which car you will choose to buy makes no difference. （4）whatever /

4、 whoever 的功用你打算买哪一辆车都不会有任何区分；whatever, whoever 在主语从句中不含疑问意义；它引导主语从句, 并在从句中作主语、 宾语、表语等； whatever = anything that; whoever = anyone who；要留意和 whatever, whoever 引导的让步状语从句的区分；如：Whoever breaks the law should be punished. （主语从句）（Anyone who breaks the law should be punished. ）Whoever breaks the law, he shou

5、ld be punished. （让步状语从句）（ No matter who breaks the law, he should be punished. ）it 构成的主语从句（1）由连词 that 引导的主语从句,在大多数情形下会放到句子的后面,而用代词 it 作形式主语；谓语是 seem, appear, be certain, be a pity, be a wonder, be ones hope, be likely 等词或短语时；It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 众所周知,地球环绕太阳转；需要留意的是,i

6、t 作形式主语代替主语从句时,要留意和as 引导的定语从句的区分；试比较：名师归纳总结 It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. （主语从句,有that ,无逗号）第 1 页,共 14 页As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack. （定语从句,无that ,有逗号）上两句- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷；下笔如有神意为“ 据报道,美国遭到恐惧分子的突击”用于 It is suggested / r

7、equired / ordered / demanded that.句型中 ,动词为表示命令、建议、要求等意义的词； 主语从句应使用虚拟语气 ,谓语动词用 should + 动词原形 ,should 可以省略；例如 : It is suggested that you should spend more time in studying English. 英语；（2）常见用 it 作形式主语的复合句结构1.It is a fact （a good idea / a pity / a shame / no wonder / good newsIts a pity that you missed

8、the film. 你没有看那部电影真是太遗憾了；你应当花更多的时间学习 ） that 如：2. It is necessary （ clear / true / strange/ important /wonderful / possible / likely ） that需要留意的是,这类主语从句中,谓语动词许多为“（should）动词原形”,即要用虚拟语气；如：It is necessary that you （ should）master the computer. 你很有必要把握电脑；It is important that a student learn English well.

9、 同学学好英语很重要；Its clear that they badly need help. 很明显,他们急需救济；It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon. 飓风很可能立刻就要到达了；3.It is reported （well-known / hoped / thought / expected /said /believed/decided /suggested /ordered ） that 如：It is said that he was killed in the earthquake. 据说他在地震中丧生了；4.It seem

10、s （happened / appears / doesnt matter / makes no difference / ） that 如：It seems that they will win the game. 看起来他们似乎会赢得这场竞赛；It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. 他是否会参与会议都无关紧要；The Foreign Minister said, _ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace. A. This is B.

11、There is C. That is D. It is 句式用形式主语 it 引导的主语从句相当多,有些已形成固定的语法和译法；常见的有：It is said that. 据说 It is reported that. 据报导 It is well known that. 众所周知 It is announced that. 据宣布 It is believed that. 人们信任 It is thought that. 人们认为 It is understood that. 自不待言 It must be pointed out that. 必需指出 It must be admitte

12、d that. 必需承认 否定转移1 将 think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine 等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用确定式；I dont think I know you. 我想我并不熟悉你；I don t believe he will come. 我信任他不回来；留意：如谓语动词为 hope, 宾语从句中的否定词不能转移；I hope you werent ill. 我想你没有生病吧；2 将 seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面；It doesnt seem that

13、they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去；It doesnt appear that well have a sunny day tomorrow. 看来我们明天不会碰上好天气；3 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定；名师归纳总结 I dont remember having ever seen such a man. 我记得从未见过这样一个人；not 否定动名词第 2 页,共 14 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神短语 having Its not a place where

14、 anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street. 在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上生疏的人；anyone 作主语, 从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式； 4 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前；The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.否定状语 蚂蚁不只是为自己采食；He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. 不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何,就轻信此事；否定 because

15、 状语 他并She had not been married many weeks when that mans younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.否定状语 many weeks她结婚仍不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就观察她了,并对她的美貌着了迷；1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. A. What B. Who C. That D. Whether 2.After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, _ our astr

16、onauts desire to do is walk in space. A. where B. what C. that D. how 3._ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. A. Anyone B. The person C. Whoever D. Who 表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句,放在系动词之后, 一般结构是 “ 主语连系动词表语从句”；可以接表语从句的连系动词有 be, look, remain, seem 等；引导表语从句的 that常可省略；另外,常用的仍有the reason is th

17、at 和 It is because 等结构；例如：1 The question is whether we can make good preparation in such a short time. 2 This is why we cant get the support of the people. 3 But the fact remains that we are behind the other classes. 4 The reason he is late for school is that he missed the early bus. 同位语从句 同位语从句就是在复

18、合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句；1. 同位语从句的功能同位语从句对于名词进一步说明,说明名词的详细内容,一般由that 引导,例如：1 The kings decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people. 2 The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general. 2. 同位语在句子中的位置 同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面,而是被别的词隔开；例如：He got the news from Mar

19、y that the sports meeting was put off. 3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区分,而同位 1 定语从句中的 that 既代替先行词,同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语）语从句中的 that 是连词,只起连接主句与从句的作用,不充当句中任何成分；2 定语从句是形容词性的,其功能是修饰先行词,对先行词加以限定,描述定的性质或特 征；同位语从句是名词性的,其功能是对名词进行补充说明；例如：1 The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告知我的消息是汤姆明名师归纳总结 年将出国；）（

20、第一个 that 引导的从句是定语从句,that 在从句中作宾语）（同位语第 3 页,共 14 页2The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him. （汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神从句, that 在句中不作任何成分）宾语从句 一. 宾语从句的种类 宾语从句是一种名词性从句,在句中作及物动词的宾语,或介词的宾语,或形容词的宾语；依据引导宾语从句的不同连词,宾语从句可分为三类；1. 由 that 引导的宾语从句；That 只有语法作用,没有实在的意义,

21、在口语和非正式文体中可以省略；例如：He said that he wanted to stay at home. She doesn t know that she is seriously ill. I am sure that he will succeed. 2. 由连接代词who, whom, whose, what, which和连接副词when, where, why, how引导的宾语从句；这些连接代词和连接副词在宾语从句中充当某个成分；例如：Do you know who whom they are waiting foe. He asked whose handwritin

22、g was the best. Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is. I don t know why the train is late.If 和 whether 在句中的意思是“ 是否”；例如：3. 由 if 或 whether 引导的宾语从句；I want to know if whether he lives there. He asked me whether if I could help him. 二. 宾语从句的语序 宾语从句的语序应为陈述句的语序；例如：I hear that physics isnt easy.I think

23、 that you will like this school soon. Can you tell me how I can get to zoo. Please tell me when well have the meeting.三. 宾语从句的时态 1. 假如主句的时态是一般现在时,宾语从句该用什麽时态就用什麽时态；如：I don t think that you are right.Please tell us where he is. Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station. 2. 假如主句的时态是一般过去时,宾语从

24、句只能用相应的过去时态（一般过去时,过去进 行时,过去将来时,过去完成时）；例如：He asked what time it was. He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet. He asked if you had written to Peter. He said that he would go back to the U.S. soon. 3. 假如宾语从句所陈述的是客观真理,其时态常用一般现在时；例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the yea

25、r. Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun. 【中考范例】1. Miss Green didnt tell us _ in 2002.D. where she lived A. where does she live B. Where she lives C. where did she live 2. Would you please tell me _. A. when did he come home B. where he would play football 名师归纳总结 C. if he had se

26、en the film D. why he didnt watch the game第 4 页,共 14 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 3. I don读书破万卷下笔如有神t know when _.A. will the train leave B. the train will leave C. would the train leave D. the train leave 4. -We don t know _. -It is said that he was born in Sweden. A. what he is B. if he

27、lives here C. where he comes from D. which country is he from 宾语从句练习1. Do you know _ during the coming summer holiday. A. what will Tom do B. what did Tom do C. what Tom will do D. what Tom did 2. I want to know_. A. what is his name B. whats his nameC. that his name is D. what his name is 3. Do you

28、 know _ I could pass the exam. A. that B. whether C. what D. which 4. Jim doesnt understand _.A. which is the way to the museum B. why his wife always goes shopping C. what is the way to the museum D. why does she always go shopping 5. -Could you tell me _ she is looking for. A. that B. whose C. who

29、 D. which 6. Mr. King didnt know _ yesterday evening.A. when does his son come home B. when his son comes home C. when did his son come home D. when his son came home 7. Could you tell me _ the bike this morning. A. how does he mend B. how he mends C. how he mended D. how did he mend 8. -I m waiting

30、 for the mail. Do you know _ it will arrive.-Usually it comes by 4: 00. A. how B. where C. when D. what 9. -Excuse me, would you please tell me _. -Certainly. Go straight along here. Its next to a hospital.A. how we can get to the post office B. how can we get to the post office C. how get to the po

31、st office D. how could we get to the post office 10. -Can I help you. -Yes. Id like a ticket to Mount Emei. Can you tell me _ take to get there.A. how soon will it B. how soon it will C. how long it will D. how long will it 11. He wanted to know _. A. whether he speaks at the meeting B. when the mee

32、ting would start 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页,共 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - C. what he读书破万卷下笔如有神s going to do at the meetingD. where would the meeting be held 12. -Could you tell me _ the Bamboo Garden. -The day after tomorrow, I think. A. when will you visit B. when you will visit C. when would you v

33、isit D. when you would visit 13. Would you please tell me _ next, Mr Wang. A. what should we do B. we should do what C. what we should do D. should we do what 14. You cant imagine _ when they received these nice Christmas presents.B. how excited they were A. how they were excited C. how excited were

34、 they D. they were how excited 15. I want to know _ you will come back at 8:00 tomorrow. A. that B. when C. where D. whether 16. -Could you tell me _. -Sorry, I dont know. I was not at the meeting.A. what does he say at the meeting B. what did he say at the meeting C. what he says at the meeting D.

35、what he said at the meeting 17. -Could you tell me _ last night. -Er, I was watching Euro 2004 at home. A. what you were doing B. what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing 18. The teacher asked the students _. A. if they were interested in dinosaurs B. when was Albert Einstein

36、born C. what they will do with the computers D. how many trees they have planted 19. Every morning the patients are asked if _ their temperature taken. A. they had had B. have they had C. they have had D. had they had 20. Its up to you to decide _ youll go there, by air or by road.A. how B. why C. t

37、hat D. when 二. 依据汉语句子的意思完成以下英语句子1. 李明说他对玩电脑嬉戏感爱好；Li Ming says _ _ interested in playing computer games. 2. 我认为玛丽不回来了；I don t think Mary _ _.3. 山姆给我说他预备去上海；Sam told me that he _ _ for Shanghai. 4. 请你告知我去钟楼怎麽走吗？Could you tell me _ I can get to the Bell Tower. 5. 父亲说他买了一台新电脑；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共

38、 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神Father said that he _ _ a new computer. 6. 我想知道今日晚上仍有没有去北京的火车；I want to know _ there is a train to Beijing. 7. 你知道一个双人间多少钱吗？Do you know _ _ a double room _. 8. 请你告知我我们外出多长时间好吗？Could you tell me _ _ were going to be away.9. 叔叔说他正在写一本新小说；Uncle said that he _ _

39、a new novel. 10. 杰克说他有重要事情要做；Jack said he _ something important to do. 【练习答案】一. 1.C 2.D 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.D 7.C 8.C 9.A 10.C 11.B 12.B 13.C 14.B 15.D 16.D 17.A 18.A 19.C 20.A 二. 1.he is 2.will come 3.was leaving 4.how 5.had bought 6.if whether 7.how much 8.how long 9.was writing 10.had 名师归纳总结 - - - - -

40、- -第 7 页,共 14 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 读书破万卷 下笔如有神中考英语名词性从句习题精选1. His success was because of _ he had been working hard. A. that B. the fact which C.the fact that D.the fact 2.Is Mary from New York City I dont know _. A. from what city does she come from B. from what city she come C. what city does

41、 she come from D. what city she comes from 3._ makes mistakes must correct them. A. What B. That C. Whoever D. Whatever 4. The reason why I didnt go to Shanghai was _ a new job. A. because I got B. because of getting C. I got D. that I got 5. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning grey. A. whil

42、e B. that C. if D. for 6. Henry killed the dog. Ill ask him why _. A. did he do that B. he did that C. he did D. he has done so 7. Have you seen Henry lately My boss wants to know _. A. how he is getting along B. how is he getting along C. what he is getting along D. what is he getting along 8. It i

43、s generally considered unwise to give a child _ he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever 9. He asked me _ with me. A. what is the trouble B. what wrong was C. what was the matter D. what trouble it is 10. I am sure _ he said is true. A. that B. about that C. of that D. that w

44、hat 11. When and why he came here _ yet. A. is not known B. are not known C. has not known D. have not bee 12.I wonder how much _. A. does the watch cost B. did the watch cost C. the watch costed D. the watch costs 13. Mary is _ someone might recognize her. A. afraid of B. afraid about C. afraid that D