翻译硕士必备MTI翻译基础短语翻译.doc

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1、翻译硕士必备MTI翻译基础短语翻译公平竞争 fair competition 公共监查 public oversight 公共汽车候车亭 bus shelter 公共文化基础设施 culture-related facilities for public use 公开或变相涨价 to raise prices openly or in convert forms 公勺（多人吃饭时公用的） service spoon 公司犯罪 corporate abuse / crime / cheat / fraud / wrongdoing / misconduct 共同关心的问题 issue of co

2、mmon concern 共同基金 mutual funds 公务车 state-financed vehicle (The Beijing municipal government is trying to set an example on curbing pollution and energy consumption by imposing a traffic restriction on State-financed vehicles. 为减少污染，降低能耗，北京市政府开始倡导减少公务车出行。) 公务员考试 civil service exam (About 1m candidate

3、s have applied for the 2009 national civil service exam, an increase of 25% over this year, the Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security has said. 据人力资源和社会保障部统计，约百万人已报名参加2009年国家公务员考试，比2008年报考人数增长了25%。) 公益大使 charity ambassador (Neither Liu Xiang nor the Athletics Administrative Center will lod

4、ge a claim for compensation with China Ping An Insurance which gave Liu an RMB100m accident insurance policy Liu last October, in accordance with the insurance contract and mutual understanding of relevant articles therein, the Center said Wednesday. Ping An said Liu Xiang will continue to act as th

5、e companys charity ambassador. 2007年10月，中国平安向刘翔赠亿元意外保险保单。国家体育总局田径运动管理中心今日表示，基于双方前期达成的保险合同及对相关条款的理解, 国家体育总局田径运动管理中心及刘翔本人不打算对中国平安提出索赔。中国平安将邀请刘翔继续担任公司公益大使。) 公益文化活动 nonprofit cultural programs 公有制 public ownership 公有制为主体、多种所有制经济共同发展的基本经济制度 the basic economic system of keeping public ownership as the mai

6、nstay of the economy and allowing diverse forms of ownership to develop side by side 公众听证会 public hearings 工资正常增长机制 a mechanism for regular pay increases 狗流感 Dog flu (A dog flu virus is going around the US and has now been found in 30 states. 一种狗流感正在美国悄然蔓延，目前已有30个州发现了这种病毒。) 购买力 purchasing power 购买力平

7、价 purchasing power parity (China next year will measure its gross domestic product (GDP) using purchasing power parity (PPP), an internationally accepted methodology, Beijing-based financial news portal C reported Monday. 据财经资讯门户网站财新网周一报道，明年中国将通过购买力平价这一国际通用的方法来换算国内生产总值。) 购买欲 desire to buy; desire to

8、 purchase狗腿子 henchman; lackey; hired thug 购物车 shopping trolley 购物券 coupon 构想 conceptualization 狗仔队 dog packs; paparazzo (singular), paparazzi(plural) (It refers to those journalists who are hunting the news of celebrities.) 购物指南 shopping guide, shoppers guide, buyers guide 股本 share capital 股本回报率 ret

9、urn on equity 股本金 equity capital 固定电话运营商 fixed-line telecom carrier 固定电话初装费 installation fees for fixed-line telephones 固定资产投资 investment in the fixed assets; fixed asset investment 股东会 board of shareholders 股份公司 joint-stock company 股份合作制 shareholding cooperative system 有限责任公司 limited liability comp

10、any 股份有限公司 limited liability company 股份制 shareholding system; joint-stock system 骨干企业 key enterprise 鼓励奖 consolation prize 股民 investor 股票期权 the stock option 股票转让制度 the stock-transfer system 股市行情 the ups and downs of the stock market 股指 stock index 古装剧 costume drama (Producers remaking the popular TV

11、 hit A Dream of Red Mansions have splashed out 200 million yuan ($29 million) 刮鼻子 criticize; reprimand 挂靠 be attached or affiliated to; be subordinate to 挂靠户 an adjunct organization 挂牌开业 hang out ones shingle; put ones name plate in (a certain street) 挂失 report the loss. (Id like to report the loss

12、of my credit card and cancel it. 我要办理信用卡挂失并取消那张卡。) 挂职 1) take a temporary post (in order to temper oneself); 2) serve in a lower level unit for a period while retaining ones position in the previous unit 挂职下放 transfer to lower units with ones post retained 拐点 turning point (Since financial markets h

13、ave been stable during the past 6 weeks, and economic growth is unlikely to fall further than the 4th quarter, the first half of this year could well be the turning point. 由于在过去6周内金融市场走势平稳，经济增长不太可能继去年第4季度后继续下滑，今年上半年市场将出现拐点。) 关闭效应 blackout effect 观潮派 those who take a wait-and-see attitude; fence-stra

14、ddler 官方网站 official website 观光电梯 sightseeing (tourist) lift 关键词过滤 keyword infiltration (The provincial official also stressed that the operation of its screen system is based on keyword infiltration and not all text messages are actually checked. 广东省官员还强调称，短信过滤系统采取的是关键词过滤的办法，而不是对公民的每条短信都去查看。)关联交易 co

15、nnected transaction 关贸总协定(世界贸易组织的前身) GATT (General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) 关门态度 closed-door attitude 官商 state-operated commerce 关税壁垒 customs barrier; tariff wall 关税配额 tariff quota 关停并转 close down, suspend operation, merge with others or shift to different line of production; rationalize 观望态度

16、 wait-and-see attitude 关系网 connection network; relationship network 关于进一步加强农村教育工作的决定 Decision on Further Strengthening Rural Education 冠状病毒 corona virus 广播电视大学 radio and television university 光碟，光盘 compact disk; CD 广而告之 publicize widely 广告词 jingle 广告代理行 advertising agent 广告电话直销 direct response adver

17、tising 广告画 poster 广告妙语 attention-getter 广告人 advertising man; adman 广告宣传车 loudspeaker van; sound truck 光谷 optical valley 光棍儿节 Singles Day. Every year at 11:11pm on November 11, fun-seeking male college students will have rowdy parties by screaming out their desire to find a girlfriend and use whateve

18、r is available to make big noises. The timing, consisting of eight Arabic number of 1, is deliberately selected to personify many single people. 光棍节 Singles Day (China is probably the only country in the world that has set aside a special day - Singles Day, which falls on November 11 every year. 中国可

19、能是世界上唯一拥有光棍节的国家，该节日被定在每年的11月11日。) 光机电一体化 optical, mechanical and electronic integration 广交会 The China Export Commodities Fair 广开财路 make full use of all talents 广开就业门路 create more employment opportunities 光缆 optic cable 光盘杂志 CD-ROM magazine 光通信 photo-communication; optical communication 光污染 light pol

20、lution (The provincial capital of South Chinas Guangdong province is expected to take the lead in collecting light pollution fees in the country. 据悉，中国南部广东省省会广州市将率先在全国开征光污染排污费。) 广域网 wide area network (WAN) 广种薄收 extensive cultivation; wide sowing but meager harvesta method of cultivation: the cultiva

21、ted area is large but the per area yield is relatively low 钢管舞 Pole dancing (Pole dancings popularity in France can be testified by hot sales of poles. 法国人目前对学跳钢管舞乐此不疲，从所用钢管热销，就可证明其在法国发烧的程度。) （手机）关机 power off 管理办法 measures for administration 管理规定 provisions on administration 管理条例 regulations on admi

22、nistration官煤勾结 government officials in cahoots with coalmine operators; government officials act in collusion with coalmine operators 冠名 title sponsorship 冠名赞助商 title sponsor 股权分置改革 state share sale reform; equity division reform; split-share reform 关税下调 tariff reduction 关系户 closely-related units 关于

23、预防煤矿生产安全事故的特别规定 Special Regulations for Preventing Coalmine Accidents 刮痧 Holographic Meridian Scraping Therapy (Guasha) 固定电话 fixed-line telephone 固定汇率 fixed exchange rate 股份制改造 shareholding reform 规避 circumvention 轨道站 orbit station 规范分配秩序 Rationalize the relations of income distribution 规范民办教育 stand

24、ardize non-government funded schools 归国留学生 returned students 归口管理 put under centralized management by specialized departments; centralized management by specified departments 规模经济 scale economy, economies of scale 规模经营 scale management 规模效益 scale merit 归侨 returned overseas Chinese皈依三宝 become a Buddh

25、ist 柜族 cupboard tribe (Dubbed online as the cupboard tribe, the old man said he wishes to rent a room for himself but the cost in Changsha, where the rent for a single room is around 400 yuan ($60) a month, is far beyond what he can afford. 这位老人被网友称为“柜族”。老人说他希望在长沙租一个房子，但是长沙的房租太贵，一个房间每月约400元，他负担不起。)

26、轨道舱 orbital module 鼓励、支持和引导非公有制经济 encourage, support and guide the growth of the non-public sector of the economy 棍棒教育 stick parenting (Following the roars of a tiger mom, a wolf dad stirred controversy again on stick parenting. 继“虎妈”热潮之后，“狼爸”再一次激起了关于“棍棒教育”的争论。) 滚雪球 snowball - (of a plan, problem, e

27、tc.) to grow bigger on an increasing rate 国奥队 the National Olympic Team 国产化率 import substitution rate; localization rate of parts and components 过度包装 excessive packaging (Following a vote by lawmakers Wednesday, Chinas legislature approved the amended version of the Law on the Promotion of Clean Pro

28、duction, which stresses efforts to cut down on excessive packaging. 全国人大常委会通过清洁生产促进法修正案，强调要努力减少过度包装。) 过度放牧 overgraze 过度开垦 excess land reclamation 过度投资行业 over-invested industries 国防动员体制 the mobilization for national defense 国防动员体制 the mobilization system for national defense 国防科工委 State Commission of

29、 Science and Technology for National Defense Industry 国防预算 defense budget (China plans to increase its defense budget by 7.5 percent in 2010, only about half of last years planned growth of 14.9 percent, a parliament spokesman said here on Thursday. 全国人大发言人（李肇星）本周四称，中国2010年国防预算的增幅计划为7.5%，增幅仅为去年计划增幅1

30、4.9%的一半。) 国货 domestics 过火 go too far 国际奥委会 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) 国际标准化组织 ISO (International Organization for Standardization) 国际承诺 international commitments 国际公认的警戒线 internationally accepted alarm level 国际惯例 international common practice 国际海域 international waters 国际化战略 internatio

31、nalization strategy 国际货币基金组织 IMF (International Monetary Fund) 国际禁止化学武器组织 organization for the prohibition of chemical weapons (OPCW) 国际恐怖主义 international terrorism 国际劳工组织 ILO (International Labor Organization) 国际联盟 international coalition 国际贸易伙伴 international trading partner 国计民生 the national econo

32、my and the peoples livelihood 国际民用航空公约(1944) The International Civil Aviation Covenant 国际清算 international settlement 国际日期变更线 International Date Line (IDL) 国际商业机器公司 International Business Machine Corporation (IBM) 国际社会 the international community 国际收支不平衡 disequilibrium of balance of payment 国际玩笑 play

33、 a large-scale joke 国际先驱论坛报 International Herald Tribune 国际自然保护联盟 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources 国际足球联盟 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) 国家财政贴息贷款 discount government loan 国家创新体系 state innovation system 国家环保总局 State Environmental Protectio

34、n Administration 国家级特殊津贴 special state allowance 国家级卫生城市 state-level hygiene city 国家经济体制改革委员会 the State Commission for Restructuring the Economic Systems 国家控股公司 state-controlling company 国家普通话水平考试 National Proficiency Test of Putonghua 国家体育总局 State Physical Culture Administration 国家外汇储备 state foreig

35、n exchange reserves 国家一级保护 first-grade State protection 国家质量技术监督局 the State Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision 国家中长期科学和技术发展规划 a national medium- to long-range program for scientific and technological development 国家重点科技攻关项目 national key scientific and technological project 国脚 player of the n

36、ational football team; footballer of the national team 过境旅客 transit passenger (Shanghai and neighboring cities, such as Hangzhou and Wuxi, have benefited greatly (since Shanghai introduced a visa waiver for transit passengers), as it means foreign tourists can travel during a 48-hour stay, said Jian

37、g Yiyi, director of the China Tourism Academys international tourism development institute. 中国旅游研究院国际旅游研究所负责人蒋依依称，上海及杭州、无锡等周边城市从免签政策中获益良多，目前上海对过境旅客实行免签政策，即游客可免签停留48小时。)过境签证 transit visa 国库券 treasury bonds 过劳死 karoshi; death from overwork 过劳死 die from overwork ( Its employees are always under severe

38、stress and some even died from overwork. 。该公司员工长期压力过大，曾出现员工过劳死事件。) 国民党 Kuomintang 国民经济的综合平衡 overall balance in national economy 国民经济支柱产业 pillar industry in national economy 国民生产总值 gross national product (GNP) 国内生产总值 gross domestic product (GDP) 国内游 inbound tourism 过山车 roller coaster 国事访问 state visit

39、 过失赔偿责任；无过失赔偿责任 liability with fault；liability without fault 过失责任 liability of fault 国书 state credentials 国泰民安 The country flourishes and people live in peace 国土资源部 Ministry of Land and Resources 国土资源管理 land and resources administration 国外旅游 overseas travel 国务卿 Secretary Of State (in America) 过硬 hav

40、e a perfect mastery of 过犹不及 going too far is as bad as not going far enough; beyond is as wrong as falling short; too much is as bad as too little 国有独资商业银行 wholly state-funded commercial bank 国有股 state-owned shares 国有股减持 state stock reduction; reduce states stake in listed companies 国有及国有控股工业企业 stat

41、e-owned industrial enterprises and enterprises whose controlling stake was owned by the state 国有企业股份制改革继续推进 fresh progress was made in transforming state-owned enterprises into stock companies 国有企业下岗职工基本生活保障向失业保险并轨 integrate the subsistence allowances for laid-off workers into the unemployment insur

42、ance system 国有商业银行股份制改造试点方案 pilot plan to transform state-owned commercial banks into stock entities 国有资产管理体制 State property management system 国有资产监督管理委员会 the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission 国有资产流失 loss of state-owned assets 国债贴息贷款 T-bond discount loans 国债投资 treasury bon

43、d investment 国债专项资金 special fund for treasury bond 国债资金重点项目责任制 the responsibility system for key projects funded by treasury bonds 果子狸 civet cat 过渡期 transitional period 国家发展计划委员会 the State Development Planning Commission 国家计划和财政政策、货币政策等相互配合的宏观调控体系 the macro-economic regulation system by integrating

44、State planning with fiscal and monetary policies 国家审判权 the judicial authority of the State 国家突发公共事件总体应急预案 Master State Plan for Rapid Response to Public Emergencies 国际部队 international forces 国际多边金融机构 international multilateral financial institution 国际关系民主化 practice democracy in international relatio

45、ns 国际禁毒日 International Day against Drug Abuse (People around the world hold rally marking the International Day against Drug Abuse.) 国际社会 international community 国民素质 the populaces cultivation国情 national conditions 过期食品 expired food, out-of-date food (The Japanese, who always pay attention to food safety, ha