2022年英文句型看这本就够了.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 英文句型一、描述事物的关键句型1.It is to 动词原形“ 做某事的是 的”It+be 动词 +形容词 +to 动词原形 其他 It 是形式主语,后面的动词不定式是该句型真正的主语；It is good for you to read English in the morning. 晨读对你有好处；2. It is that/if /whether/wh-从句,某事是 的It+be 动词 +形容词 +if 从句 在此句型中 it 是形式主语,用来指代后面从句的内容；It is not surprising why an alcoholic

2、died of liver cancer. 一个嗜酒者死于肝癌并不令人惊奇；3.It is kind of sb to 动词原形； It is hard for sb to 动词原形,某人做某事是 的假如这种句型中的形容词是用来形容人的品质,就要在形容词后面加上介词“ of ” ; 假如形容词是用来形容事物,就加上介词“ for ”；It is kind of you to help my little brother with his homework. It is impossible for you to finish the work in the three days. 你想三天就把

3、这项工作做完是不行能的；4.It seems/appears that 从句,某事看起来好像 你真好,帮忙我弟弟做家庭作业；It appears to me that we need to call the police. 我认为我们应当报警；It appears as if its going to rain. / It looks like it 好像要下雨了；s going to rain.5.It is a pity that 从句,某事真是令人遗憾本句型中的 it 是形式主语,真正的主语是后面由 that 引导的从句,其中 that 可以省略；It is a pity that yo

4、u cant come to the party. 你不能来参与聚会,真是遗憾；6.It is natural/strange that 从句,会 是很自然的 / 古怪的此句型中 it 是形式主语,用来表示后面从句的内容,中间应用 动词也可用 should+动词原形表示；that 连接；此外,从句中的It is strange that such a figure like him should live such a modest life.说来真怪,像他这样的人竟然可以生活得如此朴素；7.It is that 从句,是 才 ；此句型为典型的强调句型,that 所引导的从句对前面的主语起到了

5、说明说明的作用,同时也是对主语的强调,所以从句和主语有了相应的因果关系；It was because of team work that we were able to win the championship.由于团队的合作我们才能赢得成功；8.It was not until that 从句, “ 直到 才 ；”此句型 it was not until+ 某一时间点 +that 从句,意为 “ 直到 才 ；”It was not until he got sick that he realized the value of health.直到他生病了,才体会到健康的重要性；名师归纳总结 -

6、 - - - - - -第 1 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 9.in order to 动词原形 /so as to“ 为了 ； ”此句型意为 “ 为了 目的 ” ,“想做 就得 ” ；He is working part time in order to pay his way through college. 10. too+ adj./adv. to v.“ 太 而不能”为了完成学业,他半工半读；The situation is too difficult to explain. 情形变得太复杂,我无法说明；11. 主语 +be used to+ 动

7、词原形 “ 被用来 ；”A harmer is used to drive nails into the wall. 锤子是用来将钉子打进墙里的；12.主语 +be said to 动词原形“ 据说是 ”；be reported to意为 “据报此句型说明为 “据说是 ” ,be thought to意为 “被认为 导 ”；be estimated to意为 “据估量 ”Mr. Smith is said to be over 105. 史密斯先生据说已经超过一百零五岁了；二、比较两者的关键句型13.主语 +动词 as 形容词 / 副词as“ 和 一样”Understanding the ph

8、ilosophy is just as important as the action.明白原就和行动是一样重要的；14.主语 1+not 动词 as 形容词 / 副词as+主语 2 “ A 不象 B 那样 ”I am not as interested in English as Tom. 我不像汤姆那样对英语感爱好；15. 主语 +动词 as as ever 像平常一样She was as beautiful as ever after so many years. 过了那么多年,她漂亮如故；16.主语 +动词 times as 形容词 / 副词 as “ A 是 B 的 倍”He ear

9、ns twice as much as I do.他赚的钱是我的两倍；The new route is four times as wide as the old one. 新路是老路的四倍宽；17.The more the “ 越 就越 ”The more haste, the less speed. 欲速就不达；The sooner, the better. 越快越好 / 事不宜迟 The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make. 你越谨慎,就越不简单犯错；18. 主语 +动词 + more and more 形容词 “

10、 越来越 ”表示“ 变得” 的动词有：become, get, go 等,多数情形下可互换；It gets more and more difficult to understand what the math is talking about. 越来越难懂得数学在讲什么了；Oil price are going higher and higher. 油价越来越贵；名师归纳总结 19.主语 + be 动词 + the +最高级 +of all “ 是 之中最 ”第 2 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 通常情形下省略最高级后的名词；Th

11、e river is the most shortest among them. 这条河流是它们之中最短的；Safety is the most important of all. 安全是最重要的；20. 主语 +be 动词 + most+形容词 “ 特别 ”Most 除了表示最高级外,也可用作副词来修饰后面的形容词,相当于 very,表示 “最、非 常 ”的意思,前面不加 the ,而用 a 来替代；仍有其他用法,如Make the most of 充分利用 Most every evening 几乎每晚 Most of all 特殊是That really was a most illum

12、inating lecture. 这是一个特别有启示的演讲；It was a most beautiful sunset. / It was a very beautiful sunset. 特别美的落日；21. 主语 +be 动词 + the last 名词to 动词原形 /that 从句“ 最不行能 ”The last 在此句型中表示“最不行能 ”Last 仍有一些惯用法, 如 the last straw 造成全面崩溃的临界点 the last word 定论；the last minute 最终一刻 ；Washing the dog is the last thing that I w

13、ant to do. 给小狗洗澡是我最不想做的事；He would be the last person to tell a lie. 他是最不行能说谎的人；22.The former / the latter “前者 后者 ”I eat lots of fish and chicken, but I prefer the latter.我常吃鱼跟鸡肉,但是我比较喜爱鸡肉；Out of the two suggestions, I prefer the latter. 在这两项建议里,我偏向后者；23. one thing, another 是一回事 又是一回事”用来强调两件事的不同,通常用于

14、强调后者；One mans meat is another man人有不同的爱好；To know is one thing; to teach is quite another. 知道是一回事,教又是另一回事；To be confident is one thing; to win is another. 有信心是一回事,但是赢得竞赛又是一回事；24.Some and some / Some and others“一些 而另一些 ”该句型只是辨论两者的不同,没有比较两者优劣的含义；Some stories are interesting and others are corny. 有些故事很好

15、玩,有些故事很无聊；三、一句话用两个动作的关键句型25.It occurs to sb to 动词原形 /that 从句“ 某人突然想到某事”Occur to 表示 “ 想到 ” 的意思； It 是形式主语, that 从句是句子真正的主语；表示 “突然想到 ”仍有其他的表达,如I have an idea. And idea occurred to me. 我有点子了；It suddenly occurred to me that I knew how to answer the question.我突然想到该如何答复这个问题；名师归纳总结 26.It takes 人+时间 + to 动词原

16、形“ 完成某事需要 时间”第 3 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 在此句型中, it 作形式主语,通常用来表示 花费某人多长时间；to 后面所接的动词或动词短语,表示做某事会Spend 也有花费的意思, 可用来指花费金钱与时间,必需用人作主语, 后面用动名词； 句型：人+spend + money or time + 动名词 / on 名词；It will take about eleven hours to fly from Taipei to Los Angeles.从台北飞到洛杉矶大约需要十一个小时；How long do yo

17、u spend on your homework ？ 你花多少时间在你的家庭作业上？27.It takes/requires动词原形 “从事某事需要 条件”此句型中, takes/requires 可接某人或条件时间、金钱等It takes a lot of time to persuade my father. 我花了很长的时间才说服了我的父亲；28. It costs sb +金钱 + to 动词原形“ 化 金钱做某事”Cost 表示花费多少钱代价,本句型要以 It 形式主语开头,表示某东西或事物花费某人多少钱；另外, cost 有一个特殊用法：Cost an arm and a leg

18、用来比如东西很贵；It cost me RMB700 to buy the ticket. 我买这张票花了七百元；29.see/watch/hear/feel现在分词“ 听到 / 看到 / 感觉到 ”强调的是该动作正在进行；We heard the birds chirping. 我们听到了鸟儿们在唧唧叫；John saw his little brother climbing out of his crib.约翰看到他弟弟正从婴儿床爬出来；30. interested in 名词 / 动名词“ 对 感爱好”I am so excited about my holiday. 要放假了,我超兴奋

19、；We were deeply disappointed at the result. 我们对结果感到特别扫兴；31. 动词 +现在分分词 / 过去分词 “两个动作同时发生”但假如两个动作同时发在英语中, 假如一个句子要使用两个动词,必需要用连接词来连接,生,且没有连接词,那么其次个动作必需改为分词；另外有些分词的意义接近于形容词；To go naked 裸体的；to go unnoticed 没留意到的 We sat listening to the sound of the waves. 我们坐着倾听海浪的声音；32. have +物+过去分词“ 把 做完了”此句型中的 have 是使役动

20、词,意为“把 完成” ；Be sure to get the work done before three. 务必在三点之前把工作做完；Are you going to have your apartment painted. 你准备要把你的公寓刷上油漆吗？33. get +sth 现在分词 / 过去公词“ 使某事 ”He got his bag caught in the taxi door as it was closing.出租车的车门关上时,他的包被卡住了；名师归纳总结 34. go +动名词 “ 去 ”第 4 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - -

21、 - - - - In summer, we often go swimming. 夏天的时候我们常去游泳；I used to go camping by the brook when I was a kid. 我小时候常常去溪边露营；35.Cannot help + 动名词 “ 不禁 ”Whenever I see a sad movie, I cannot help crying. 每次看悲剧电影,我都忍不住会哭；36. Feel like +动名词 “ 想要 ”此句型,后接动名词,表示想要做的事,其后可接时间副词表示何时想做,或者其他补语表 示想怎么做；相当于“ would like t

22、o +动词原形 ” ；I feel like going to the U.K. for a visit next summer vacation. 明年暑假我好想去一趟英国；37.Worth + 动名词 “ 值得 ”The Palace Museum is worth visiting. 故宫值得参观；38. be busy 动名词 /with 名词 “ 忙着做”She is busy writing out the invitations. 她正忙着写邀请函；The kids are busy with their homework. 孩子们正忙着写作业；39. be used to +动

23、名词 / 名词“ 习惯于 ”主语 +used to +动词原形“ 表示过去常常 ”I am used to hot weather in Taipei. 我习惯台北酷热的天气；I don t think Ill be used to living in the country. 我觉得我无法适应乡下的生活；四、语气转折的关键句型40.主语 +动词 more than “ 是 而不是 赛过于 ”You may find that reading has become more fun than work. 你或许会发觉阅读已经变成爱好的事了,而不是苦差事；41.主语 +动词 +not so mu

24、ch+ 名词 1+as +名词 2 “ 与其说是 不如说是 ”与句型 “名词 2+rather than+ 名词 1” 的意思相同；He is not so much a writer as a scholar. 与其说他是作家,倒不如说他是学者；He is not so much a genius as a diligent person. 与其说他是个天才,倒不如说他是一个勤奋的 人；42. in other words “ 换言之”s friend, will meet us at the airport.Our friend, that is to say, our daughter我

25、们的伴侣,也就是说我们女儿的伴侣,会在机场跟我们碰头；43.Only to 动词 “ 竟然 ”He worked hard only to fail to reach the Wimbledon Final this year. 他这么努力,今年却未能打入温布尔顿决赛；名师归纳总结 44.To 动词原形主语 +动词 “老实说 /简言之 /不用说 ”第 5 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - To be honest, Anne, I prefer you in the pink dress. 裙子；说实在的,安妮,我比较喜爱你穿粉红色的T

26、o do her justice, she is not as evil as you described.说句公平话,她并没有你形容得那么坏；45.Generally speaking, 主语 +动词“ 一般而言”Historically speaking, the island is of great significance. 就历史来说,这个岛意义特殊；46.Would rather 动词原形 1 than 动词原形 2 “ 宁愿 也不要 ”He would rather fail than cheat on the exam. 他宁可考试不及格也不愿作弊；47. could have

27、 过去分词“ 原本可以 但没有 ”t coming.I waited ages for you, you could have said that you weren我等你很久了,你本可以早说不来的！Be careful with that dog, it could have bitten me.当心那只狗,它可能会咬我；48. should not have 过去分词“ 原先应当 / 不应 但没有 ； ”You should have voiced your objections at the meeting.你在开会时应当表达你的反对立场；然而你却没有49. needn t have 过

28、去分词 “ 原本不必 但是却 ”表示做了没有必要做的事；You need not have got up so early.你没有必要起得那么早；五、提出问题的关键句型50.Be 动词 +主语 “ 吗？”以 BE动词开头的一般疑问句,主要是询问主语的状态；另外, is he/she for real 他/ 她是仔细的吗？Are you hungry. 你饿了吗？Is that clear. 听清晰了吗？就表示由于震动或荒唐而向对方提出的疑句；51. Did you +动词原形 “ 了吗？”询问过去发生什么事情,用 Did 引导的一般疑问句；DO/DOSE引导的一般疑问句是询问现在的情形,后面也

29、要用动词原形,第一人称与其次人称用 DO,第三人称须用 DOES.Do I make myself clear.搞清晰了吗？Did you see any monkeys in the zoo last week. 上星期你在动物园里看到猴子了吗？52.Have you +过去分词 “ 你曾 吗？”表示询问过去到现在的时间里所完成或发生的事情；Have gone 表示去了某地,而且没回来；名师归纳总结 Have been to 表示经受,意为“去过某地 ” ；第 6 页,共 15 页Have you been to Sun Moon Lake. 你去过日月潭吗？表示你曾去过吗？Have you

30、 had your lunch. 你吃过午饭了吗？表示你已经吃过了吗？53.Where be 动词 +主语？“ 在哪里？”- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 以 where 引导的疑问句用来询问地点场所,在类似的问答中,尽量要简略答复：in/on/at/to the +地点场所；Where is my metro card. 我的一卡通在哪？Where were you last night. 你昨天晚上在哪？54.How do you + 动词 ；怎样 ； How 是用于说明 “状态或情形 ”另外 how like. 是询问态度,如 How did y

31、ou like the movie 你觉得这部电影怎么样？How find. 就询问发觉某事的方法,如 how did you find the book. 你怎么发觉这本书的？How do you fix the broken flush toilet. 你要怎么修理坏掉的抽水马桶？How did you feel last night. 你昨晚感觉怎么样？55.疑问词 +in the world be 动词 +主语 究竟 这是强调句型How in the world did she know this. 她究竟是怎么知道这件事的？Why on earth didnt you tell me

32、 before. 你之前究竟为什么不告知我？56. 主语 wonder +wh- 从句“ 想知道”这是间接疑问句的用法,翻译时句尾通常使用句号；I was wondering whether I could borrow your car. I wonder whether you could pass me the pepper. 我想知道能否借您的车一用；你可以把胡椒粉递给我吗？I wonder when he knew the truth. 我想知道他是什么时候知道真相的；57. What/ How about 名词 / 动名词 “ 如何？”How about eating out wi

33、th me tonight. 今晚和我出去吃顿饭怎么样？What about playing badminton this afternoon. 今日下午去打羽毛球怎么样？58. What did you + 动词 +for. “ 为了什么 ”What did you buy this flashlight for. 你为什么买这个手电筒？What did he lie to me for. 他为什么要欺诈我？59. How come +主语 +动词 “ 为什么 ”How come you missed the school bus. 你怎么会错过校车？60.Why not + 动词原形 “

34、为什么不 ”If you feel like a fish out of water, why not leave.假如你觉得不悠闲的话,为什么不离开呢？Why not give her a call if you miss her. 假如你想她,为什么不打 给她呢？六、强调语气的关键句型61.Please +动词原形 “ 请 ”此句型为礼貌用语,表示很客气或委婉的恳求；Mary, please take a seat. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 62.动词原形 “ 请这样做”此句型为祈使句,主语通常被省略

35、,上感叹号；句子开头用动词原形；当想要加强语气时,句尾可以加Relax . 放轻松本句强调“ 放轻松 ”这个动作；63. Be “ 应当这样做”此句型为祈使句,意为“ 要 ”；Be 动词在这里表示“应当是 ” 的意思；Be honest. 要老实；Be on time. 务必准时；64.Do +动词原形 “ 务必 ”Do come. 务必要来；Do keep quiet. 务必要寂静；65.Dont/never +动词原形“ 不要 ”假如表示某事的状态,就要用 BE+形容词；此句型表示建议、要求、劝说对方不要做某事；假如表示动作就直接接动词原形；Dont be nervous. 不要紧急！Do

36、nt listen to him. He is a fraud. 不要听他的,他是骗子；66. Let +动词原形 “让 ”这个句型用在第一人称时,意思是 “ 让我 ” ,用在其次或第三人称时,表示 “答应某人做某事” 、“叫某人 ” 、“ 让某事处于某种状态”Let me have a look. 让我看看；Let her go and forget about it. 让她走吧,不要再想了；67. Dont let 动词原形 “ 别让 ”Dont let anyone enter the room. 不要让任何人进房间；68. Let 动词原形 “ 我们 吧”Let s ask John

37、and Mary to come for dinner. 我们找约翰和玛丽过来一起吃晚饭吧；Let s not argue anymore. 我们不要再争执了；69. Would you be kind enough to “请你 好吗？”Would you be kind enough to lower your voice. 请你小声一点好吗？70. Make/have/let +sb+ 动词原形 “ 使某人做某事”Make/have/let 是使役动词,后面应接动词原形其实是省略 to 的动词不定式 ,并且要注意“ 被要求做该动作的人”必需使用宾格；Let me know if you

38、need help. 假如你需要帮忙,请让我知道；71.Get/want/ask + 人/ 物+to 动词原形 “ 要求某人 / 某物做某事”The lawyers urged the parents to take further legal action.律师劝这对父母实行进一步的法律行为；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 15 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - I think Id advise him to leave the company.我觉得我会建议他离开这家公司；72.Keep from+动名词“ 不让某人做某事”此句型中 from 为

39、介词,后要用动名词形式；The police tried to prevent him from leaving. 警方试图阻挡他离开；The snow kept them from getting there by seven. 这场雪让他们无法在七点前到达；七、心情表达的关键句型73.How +形容词 / 副词 +主语 +动词！“多么的 ”How tall Yao Ming is. 姚明真是高呀；How gracefully they danced. 他们的舞蹈跳得多美丽呀！74. What a/an 名词主语 +动词 . “真是 呀！ ”假如 what 后所接的名词为不行数名词,就不需加

40、 a/anWhat a lousy movie. 真是一部很糟糕的电影！What a crazy move. 真是疯狂的举动！What heavy traffic. 多么拥挤的交通啊！75.Oh dear. + 完整句子“ 天啊 .”Oh, dear. I failed in the English examination.76.Fancy+动名词 “ 想不到！”They have nine daughters. Fancy that. 他们有九个女儿；真不行思议；Fancy his coming so early. 想不到他竟然来得这么早！77.主语 +动词 much less “ 更不用说

41、 ”, “更不用说 ”,本句型有两种用法：much less 和 still less的意思都是 “更谈不上 用于否认句中,起到加强语气的作用；She cannot speak English, much less write it. 她都不会讲英语,更不用说写了；The old man can hardly walk, still less run. 这位老先生几乎无法走路,更何况是跑步；78.主语 +动词 +the very + 名词 “ 就是”Garlic is the very thing for preventing colds. 大蒜的确可认预防感冒；This is the ver

42、y handout Ive been looking for all week. 这就是我找了一个星期的资料；79. 主语 +动词 +all+形容词 /名词 “ 完全 ”此句型可以与 thumbsearseyes 等表示人的器官的名词连用；如All ears表示洗耳恭听 ；all skin and bones表示瘦成皮包骨 She was all excited. 她特别兴奋；She is all confused now. 她现在完全困惑了；名师归纳总结 80.主语 +do+动词原形 “ 的确 ”第 9 页,共 15 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - -

43、- He really does need a haircut. 他的确该剪头发了；I did return the book to him. 我的确把书仍给他了；81. I am to 动词 “ 我很 ”I am afraid to sing in public. 我可怕在大庭广众之下唱歌；It was no trouble at all. I was happy to be of help. 一点都不麻烦,我很情愿帮忙；82. come close to +动名词“ 几乎 ； ”To 为介词,后面要接动名词,强调某事差点就要发生了；My father was so angry that he came close to hitting my naugh