2022年初中英语主谓一致考点讲解和练习.docx

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1、精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载主谓一样讲解和训练谓语受主语支配, 须和主语在人称和数上保持一样,这叫做主谓一样； 主谓一样一般遵循三条原就：语法一样原就,意义一样原就和就近一样原就；一、“ 三个一样” 原就1. 语法一样的原就（1）以单数名词或代词,动词不定式短语作主语时,谓语动词要用单数; 主语为复数时,谓语用复数,例如：He goes to school early every morning.The children are playing outside.To work hard is necessary for a student.（2）由 an

2、d 或 both and 连接的并列成分作主语时, 谓语动词用复数； 例 如：Both he and I are right.Mr. Black and Mrs. Black have a son called Tom.但并列主语假如指的是同一人, 同一事物或同一概念, 谓语动词用单数；例如：His teacher and friend is a beautiful girl. The poet and writer has come.（3）由 and 连接的并列单数主语之前假如分别由each, every修饰时,其谓语动词要用单数形式；例如： In our country every boy

3、 and every girl has the right to receive education. Each man and each woman is asked to help.（4）主语是单数时,尽管后面跟有 but ,except, besides, with 等介词短语,谓语动词仍用单数；例如：The teacher with his students is going to visit the museum. Nobody but two boys was late for class.Bread and butter is a daily food in the west.（

4、5） 一些只有复数形式的名词,如people, police, cattle, clothes等作主语时,谓语动词要用复数；例如：A lot of people are dancing outside. The police are looking for lost boy.（6）由 each, some, any, no, every 动词都用单数；例如：构成的复合代词作主语时,谓语 Is everybody ready. Somebody is using the phone.（7）有两部分构成的物体的名词,如glasses, shoes, trousers, chopsticks, sc

5、issors 等作主语时,谓语动词用复数；例如： Where are my shoes. I cant find them. Your trousers are dirty. Youd better change them.假如这类名词前用了 a pair of 等,就往往用作单数,谓语动词的单复数形式往往取决于pair 的单复数形式；例如：名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 Here are some new pairs of shoes. My new pair of socks is on t

6、he bed.2. 意义一样的原就（1）表时间、距离、价格、度量衡等的名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用单 数；例如：Twenty years is not a long time.Ten dollars is too dear.（2）有些集合名词,如family, team等作主语时,如作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用单数；如指其中每个成员,就用复数；例如：My family is big one.My family are watching TV.（3）不定代词由 all, most, more, some, any, none些代词表示的意义来打算谓语动词的单复数形式；作主语时,也要依这 假如代词

7、代表复数可数名词,谓语动词用复数； 假如代词代表单数可数名词或不行数名词,谓语动词 用单数；例如：All of the work has been finished.All of the people have gone.（4）疑问代词作主语时,其谓语动词也有两种情形：主语表示复数意义,谓 语动词用复数；主语表示单数意义,就谓语动词用单数；例如： Who is your brother. Who are League members.（5）“ 分数或百分数 +of+名词” 构成的词组作主语时,其谓语动词要以of后面的名词而定；名词是复数,谓语动词用复数：名词是单数,谓语动词用单数；例如： It

8、 is said that 35 per cent of the doctors are women. Three fourths of the surface of the earth is sea.（6）half, the rest 等表示不定数量的名词作主语时,假如所指为复数意义,动词用复数；假如所指为单数意义,动词用单数；例如： I have read a large part of the book, the rest is more difficult.were off sick. Only ten students attended the class because all t

9、he rest （7）由 what 引导地主于从句作主语时,通常谓语动词用单数形式；但假如所指内容为复数意义时,谓语动词用复数形式；例如： What she said is correct. What she left me are a few old books.（8）凡是以“ 定冠词 +形容词（或分词）” 作主语,往往依据意义一样的原就 打算谓语动词的单复数形式； 假如这种主语指的是一类人, 谓语动词用复数；假如指的是一个人或抽象概念,谓语动词用单数形式；例如： The sick have been cured and the lost have been found. The dead

10、is a famous person. 3. 邻近一样 就近一样 的原就名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载（1）由连词 or, either or, neither nor, not only but also,等连接的并列主语, 假如一个是单数, 一个是复数, 就谓语动词按就近一样原就,与最靠近它的主语一样；例如：Either you or I am right.Neither the children nor the teacher knows anything about it.（2）在“Th

11、ere be ”句型中 , 谓语动词和靠近的主语一样； There are two apples and one egg in it. （3）as well as 和名词连用时 , 谓语动词和第一个名词相一样； He as well as I is responsible for it. 不但是我,他对这件事也有责任；（4）以 here 开头的句子,其谓语动词和靠近的主语一样； Here is a letter and some books for you. 二、主谓一样常考情形1. 单数名词 代词 ,不行数名词作主语时,谓语用单数形式；复数名词 代词 作主语,谓语用复数形式；The desk

12、 _ （is / are）Toms. 这张桌子是汤姆的；Some water _（is / are）in the bottle. 一些水在瓶子里； The students _（is / are ）playing football on the playground. 这些同学正在操场上踢足球；2. more than one + 单数名词作主语,谓语用单数；More than one student _（ has / have ） ever been to Beijing. 不止一个同学曾经去过北京；3. 表示时间,价格,重量,数目,长度,数学运算等的词或短语作主语时,这些通常作一个整体概念

13、,谓语用单数形式； Two months _（is / are ）a long holiday. 两个月是一个长假； Twenty pounds _ （is / are）not so heavy. 2 0 磅并不太重； Ten miles _（is / are）not a long distance. 1 0 英里并不是一段很长的距离； Five minus four _（is / are）one. 5 减 4 等于 1；4. 主语是 each/every+ 单数名词 +andeach/every+ 单数名词时, 谓语动词用单数； Each boy and each girl _（has /

14、have ）got a seat. 每个男孩和女孩都有一个座位； Every man and every woman _（is / are）at work. 每个男人和女人都在工作；5. one and a half + 复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数形式；One and a half hours _（is / are）enough. 一个半小时足够了；6. 动词不定式,动名词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式；To see _ （is / are）to believe. 眼见为实；做眼 Doing eye exercises _（is / are）good for your eyes.睛保健操对你

15、的眼睛非常有益；7. a/an+ 单数名词 +or two 作主语,谓语动词用单数；名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载 A student or two _（like / likes ）to listen s class. 一两个同学喜爱听这位新老师的课；to this new teacher 8. 当主语部分 主语是单数时 含有 with ,together with ,along with ,as well as,besides ,except ,but ,like等介词或介词短语时,谓语动词用

16、单数形式；但“ 名词 +as well as+ 名词” 时,谓语动词一般应与第一个名词一样； Mike with his father _（has / have ）been to England. 迈克同他的父亲去过英格兰； Mike, like his brother, _（enjoy / enjoys ）playing football. 迈克像他的哥哥一样喜爱踢足球； The students as well as the teacher _（was / were）present at the meeting. 开会的时候,同学们和老师都在场；9. 由 and 连接的两个单数名词作主语时

17、,一般用复数形式,但 and 所连接的并列主语是同一个人,事物,或概念时,谓语动词用单数；这两种情形区分如下：a/the+ 单数名词 +and+单数名词,指的是同一个人或物； a/the+ 单数名词 +and+a/the+ 单数名词,指两个人或物； The writer and teacher _（is / are）coming. 那位作家兼教师来了； 作家和老师指同一个人 The writer and the teacher _（is / are）coming. 作家和老师来了； 作家和老师是两个人 A knife and fork _（is / are）on the table. 桌子上放

18、着一副刀叉；10. people, police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数形式；family, class, group, team 等集体名词作主语,如指一个整体时,谓语动词用单数形式,如指一个一个的详细成员时,谓语动词复数形式； People here _（is / are）very friendly. 这儿的人很友好；His family _（is / are）not large. 他家的人不多；My family all _（like / likes）watching TV. 我们一家人都喜爱看电视；11. 不定代词 somebody, someone, something, a

19、nybody, anything, everybody, everyone, nobody, everything, no one, nothing作主语,谓语动词用单数； _（Is / Are）everyone here today. 今日大家到齐了吗？ Something _ （is / are）wrong with him. 他有毛病； Nobody _ （was / were ）in. 没有人在家；12. each, either, neither, another, the other 作主语,谓语动词用单数； Each of them _（has / have）an English

20、 dictionary. 他们每人都有一本英语词典； Neither answer _（is / are）correct. 两个答案都不正确；名师归纳总结 13. 以 s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义,谓语通常用单数形式,如news, 第 4 页,共 9 页maths, physics等； No news _ （is / are）good news. 没有消息就是好消息；- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备欢迎下载在我们 Maths _ （is / are）very popular in our class 班数学很受欢迎；14. 由 both

21、and 连接两个单数名词作主语时,谓语动词通常用复数形式；由or, either or , neither nor , not only but also , not but , 连接两个名词或代词作主语时, 依据就近原就打算谓语动词形式；但是如果 either, each, neither作主语,就动词为单数形式；Either my wife or I _（am / is / are）going. Neither you, nor I, nor anyone else _ answer. （know / knows ）the Not only you but also he _（is / a

22、re）ready to leave. Each of us _（has / have ）got a new story book. Neither of the books _（is / are）very interesting. 15. 假如主语是由“a series of, a kind of, a portion of+ 等+名词” 构成时,动词一般用单数形式；但 a variety of, a number of + 名词复数,动词要用复数形式 ; 而 the number of +复数名词作主语,谓语动词用单数； A number of students _（is / are ）go

23、ing to visit this place of interest. The number of the students _（is / are）over 800 16以 here ,there 开头的句子,如主语在两个或两个以上,谓语动词通常与临近的主语一样；There _ （is / are）a book and three pens on the desk. Here _（is / are）some books and paper for you. 17. the+形容词表示一类人时,谓语动词用复数形式；表示抽象概念时,用单数形式；The poor _ （is / are（is /

24、are）sad. ）very happy, but the rich _名师归纳总结 The beautiful _（live / lives）forever. 美是永存的；第 5 页,共 9 页- - - - - - -精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载主谓一样专题练习一. 挑选填空 1. They said the eighteenth and last lesson _ quite easy. A. is B. was C. are D. were 2. -When are you going to Kunming for your holidays.

25、-I havent decided. _ this Sunday _ next Sunday is OK. A. Both; and B. Either; or C. Neither; nor D. Not only; but also 3. _ Helen _ Joan speaks beautiful Chinese after they came to China. A. Neither; nor B. Not only; but also C. Both; and D. A and B 4. _ of them has his own opinion. A. Both B. Some

26、C. Every D. Each 5. Are there any _ on the farm. A. horse B. duck C. chicken D. sheep 6. My shirt _ white and my trousers _ blue. A. are; are B. are; is C. is; is D. is; are 7. -Two months _ quite a long time. -Yes. Im afraid that he will miss a lot of lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 8. The old

27、 man has two children but _ of them lives with him. A. both B. none C. neither D. all 9. Our knowledge of computer _ growing all the time. A. be B. is C. are D. were 10. Everyone except Tom and John _ there when the meeting began. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. Most of the houses _ this year. A. ha

28、s built B. have built C. has been built D. have been built 12. I think maths _ very difficult to learn. A. is B. are C. has D. have 13. A large number of students _ to work in Xingjiang. A. have gone B. has gone C. goes D. is going 14. The number of the students in the class _ small. A. are B. is C.

29、 have D. were 15. There _ a lot of good news in todays newspaper. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. Either Jane or Steven _ watching TV now. A. were B. is C. was D. are 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载17. Two days _enough for me to finish the work, I need a third day.

30、A. isnt B. is C. aren t D. are 18. How many lessons do you usually have a day. Six lessons a day. And each of them _45 minutes. A. last B. lasts C. have D. are 19. Neither Li Ping nor I _a basketball player. A. am B. is C. be D. are 20. There _ many new words in Lesson One, but it is very easy. A. i

31、s B. aren t C. isn t D. are 21.The number of the students in our school _1200. A. is B. are C. has D. have 22.Maths _ my favourite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 23.The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city. A. were sleeping B. is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are sleeping 24.

32、Everyone except Tom and John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 25.That place is not interesting at all. _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 26.Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 27. Whats on the plate. Some eggs and cake

33、s on it.There _some eggs and cakes on it. A. is B. are C. was D. were 28. This pair of glasses _mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be 29. Both Lily and Lucy _ to the party yesterday. A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited 30. Two months _quite a long time. m a fraid that he will miss

34、 lots of his lessons. Yes, I A. is B. are C. was D. were 31. If Bobs wife doesnt agree to go on a holiday in winter, _. A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he wont neither 32.His family _all very kind and friendly, and his family _a happy one. A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are

35、 D. is, are 33.The singer and the dancer _come to Beijing. A. has B. have C. are D. is 34. I havent finished my homework yet. _. A. so has he B. Neither he has C. He has too D. He hasnt either 35. All but one _ here just now. A. is B. was C. has been D. were 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - -

36、 - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载二. 用所给动词的适当形式填空1. _ be everything OK. 2. Nobody _ know the answer to the question. 3. Ten divided by two _ be five. 4. Most of the drinking water _ be from the Black River. 5. Not only she but also I _ do morning exercises every day. 6. Either you or she _ have made a wrong d

37、ecision. 7. The family _be spending the weekend together. 8. Bread and butter _ be her daily breakfast. 9. The police _ be trying to catch the thief. 10. The number of people invited _ fifty, but a number of them _ absent for different reasons. 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页,共 9 页精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 学习必备 欢迎下载参考答案一. 1. B 2.B 3.D 4.D 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.C 9.B 10.B11.D 12.A 13.A 14.B 15.A 16.B 17.A 18.B 19.A 20.D 21.A 22.B 23.C 24.B 25.A 26.B 27.B 28.C 29.D 30.A 31.C 32.A 33.B 34.D 35.B 二. 1.Is 2.knows 3.is 4.is 5.do 6.has 7.are 8.is 9.are 10.was; were名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 9 页,共 9 页