（整理版高中英语）第三册Unit4Greenworld.doc

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1、第三册Unit 4 Green worldI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1classification 2botany 3identlfy 4promotion 5appointment 6abandoned 7cornfortable 8appear9mere 10teehnical；technology高考须掌握的短语：1on 2away 3in 4cosy 5on 6into 7after 8as 9in 10out 11to 12for 13on 14into考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇1reward n&vt报酬；奖

2、赏；酬谢eg： she offered a reward of$2，000 for information about her missing son她悬赏典型例题的下落。 He was given a medal as a reward for his service他因为有功而获得一枚奖章。How call I reward your help?一How can I reward you for your help?我怎样才能报答你对我的帮助(之恩)? If you do wellin EngIish，well reward you with a trip abroed如果你英语学得好，我

3、们会奖励你一次免费的国外游。相关链接:rewarding adj有报酬的；有价值的用法拓展：Fewerd sbwith sth用奖赏某人 reward sbfor(doing)sth因(干)某事奖赏某人 give sbrewards for因对某人进行奖赏 be giyen a medal as a reward for因而获得一枚奖章特别提醒：奖赏的原因用介词for；具体奖赏多少用介词of。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead

4、 to Arewards Bprizes Cawards Dresults考题1点拨：答案为A。根据题意可知，表示“替他人干事或提供效劳后得到的酬劳或奖赏时用reward。句意为：“小孩子学做事 情，因为他们知道这样做会得到报酬，这是被大家所公认的。总结提示:记住reward的含叉及搭配。2appoint vt约定；任命；委派 eg：He was appoirited(as/to be) mayor of the city of Beijing他被任命为市市长。 We appointed the date for the meeting 我们约定了这次会议的日期。相关链接：appointmen

5、t n约会appointed adj指定的用法拓展：appoint sb(as/to be)任命某人干 make/have an appointment with与预约 bteak ones appointment失约特别提醒:男女之间的约会用date；have a date with sb与某人约会。考题2 -Hello, May I have an appointment with the doctor? _ A. Sorry, he is busy at the moment. B. Why didnt you call earlier? C. Certainly. May I know

6、 your name? D. Sorry. He doesnt want to see you.考题2点拨:答案为C。此题考查约会的交际用语，根据习惯应选C。句意为：“我可以预约医生吗?当然，你叫什么名字?总结提示：弄清appoint的搭配及用法。 3appetire n欲望；胃口 eg： He has an appetite for knowledge他渴望知识。 The old man has a good appetite这个老人胃口很好。用法拓展：have a good(poor)appetite胃口(不)好 show/have an appetite for爱好；渴望 to ones

7、 appetite合某人口味投某人所好特别提醒：have an appetite for与have an itch for，have a desire fo r的含义一样，表示“爱好；渴望。考题3 (典型例题)Having fallen ill for quite a long time, the little girl doesnt have for any food. A. a touch B. desire C. an appetite D. a wish考题3点拨，答案为c。根据题意，此空表示“胃口，应填an appetite，句意为：“已经病了好长时间了，这个小女弦对任何食物都没有胃

8、口。 二、重点短语4look oat for留神留意eg： Do Iook out for spelling mistakes when you write a composltion写作文时要留神拼写错误。 You must look out for snakes when camping in the openair在户外野营时，一定要小心蛇。 相关链接：look out for留神，留意watch out fo r留神，留意 take care小心 be careful小心 look out of向外面看特别提醒：留神“某人或某物用介词for。考题4 The voice of the a

9、nnouncer continued: out for white cars. Dont pick up strangers. A. Look B. Run C. Call D. Set考题4点拨；答案为A。根据语境可知，谊空应填“提防应选A，look out for，“留心，提防句意为：“播送在继续：当心白色轿车，不要拉陌生人。 总结提示: look out for“留神，留意。5pass away作为不及物动词使用，可以表示时间度过，过去，(不安)消失；还可以表示“死亡。 eg： We had so mueh fun that the holidays passed away before

10、 we realized it 我们过得很快乐，不知不觉假期就结束了。 His sadness passed away with time going on 随着时间的推移，他的悲伤也渐渐消失了。The old man passed away at midnight这位老人午夜去世了。用法拓展：pass away消失；死pass Out昏倒；死pass on传下去 pass by从旁边经过特别提醒：pass away为不及物动词，当“死亡讲时是die的一种委婉说法。考题5 ( 典型例题分 ) Having learned that her father without anyone stayi

11、ng with him, the girl burst into tears. A. passed away B. gone by C. passed by D. gone away考题5点拨:答案为A。根据the girl burst into tears可推断出，谈空表示“去世应填pass away。句意为：“当这个女孩得知她父亲去世时没人守在身旁时，突然哭了。总结提示:pass away表示“去世，是一种委婉的说法。6on a large scale大量地；大规模地eg： This factory is producing this new kind of computer on a l

12、arge seale这 家工厂正在大规模生产这种新款电脑。 They are preparing for war on a Iarge seale他们在大规模备战。用法拓展：on a large(big)scale大量地；大规模地OUt of scale不分比例 to scaIe依比例决定 seale down(up)按比例减少(增加)特别提醒：on a large seale是一个副词短语。 考题6 -How many trees do you want? -Havent you known that we want young trees on a large ? A. number B.

13、 amount C. size. D. scale考题6点拨：答案为D。考查on a large scale。句意为：“你想要多少棵树?你还不知道吗?我们大量地需要树苗。总结提示l on a large scale“大规模地；大量地为固定搭配。 三、重点交际用语7Imagine you have a small garden plot，in which you can grow whatever you like想像你 有一小块菜地，你可以在里面种植任何你喜欢的东西。 whatever引导的名词从句作grow的宾语。 whatever“无抡什么，任何东西可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句

14、。 eg：whatever you have is mine(名词性从句)你所有的东西都是我的。 You can do whatever you like(名词性从句)你可以做你喜欢做的任何事情。 whatever happens，please let me know(状语从句)无论发生什么事情，请让我知道。用法拓展：(1)whatever引导名词性从句时相当于anything that，引导的从句可以作主语、宾语和表语。 (2)whatever引导让步状语从句相当于no matter what，引导的从句作状语。 (3)类似的还有：whoeYer，whomeverwhichever。考题7-

15、1 It is generally considered un-wise to give a child he or she wants. A. however B. whatever C. whichever D. whenever考题7-2 These wild flowers are so spe-cial I would do I can to save them. A. whatever B. that C. which D. whichever考题71点拨：答案为B。根据give sbsth可知，从句在此作宾语，故用Whatever。whichever表示“任何一个，任何一些，而其

16、余两项引导状语从句。句意为：“孩子要什么就给什么被认为是不明智的。考题72点拨：答案为A。whatever引导的从句作do的宾语。句意为：“这些野花这么特别，以至于我愿意做任何事情来挽救它们。总结提示：whatever可用来引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从句。 四、重点句型 8In 1778，Banks WaS elected president of the Royal Society，a position he held for 42 years 在1778年，班克斯被选为皇家学会的主席，在这个位子上呆了42年。 a positron he held for 42 years是名词pre

17、sident ofthe Royal Society的同位语，在这个同位语中， he held for 42 years为position的定语从句。这种同位语在近几年的高考或模拟高考试题中屡次涉及。 eg： I want to buy a house，one with a big garden 我想买一座房子，一个带有花园的房子。 The children have caught a diphtheria，a disease that spreads very quickly 这些孩子患了白喉。一种传播非常迅速的疾病。 考题8 Meeting my uncle after all these

18、 years was an unforgetable moment, I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what考题8点拨:答案为B。one这里用作前面an unforgetable moment的同位语。句意为:“这么多年后与叔叔重逢是令人难毫的事情，我会永远珍视这一刻。总结提示: one或the one用作同位语应特别重视。五、词语辨析9award，prizereward 三者都与“奖有关，但意思上有差异。award是对于某人的优异成绩或卓越奉献经评定后由政府或组织正式授予的奖励，尤指奖励裁定中的结果。prize是指某人因在竞赛

19、中获得的优异成绩而得到的奖励，侧重于对某一成绩的嘉奖。reward是指替他人干事或提供效劳后得到的酬劳或奖赏等，着重于对某一行为的回报。特别提醒award着重“评定获奖，reward侧重“回报，prize侧重“成绩。考题9-1 A _ _ will be offered for information leading to the arrest of the bank robber. A. price B. fund C. reward D. profit考题9-2 用 award, prize, reward 的适当形式填空 (1) He won the _ for the best act

20、or of this year. (2) My deskmate won the first in the computer competition. (3)He will expect a _ _ after working so hard.考题9-1点拨：答案为C。从information leading to the arrest of the bank robber可知，是指获得的报酬。应选C。句意为：“报酬将要提供应那些提供信息逮捕银行抢劫犯的人。考题9-2点拨:(1)award (2)prize(3)rewardlO1ate，later，latter，lately，latest，l

21、ast late是形容词或副词，意为“迟、晚；later是late的比拟级，意为“更迟；更晚；latest是late的最高级形式，“最新的，最近的，最迟的；latter表示两者中的“后者；后半局部，通常与former对应；lately是副词，“最近；近来与recently含义相同，用于现在完成时或一般现在时；last意为“最后的；上一个。注意以下短语： in the late afternoon黄昏late jn the day当天晚些时候 WOrk late into the night工作到深夜 sit/stay late熬夜 soonor or later迟早； 总有一天the late

22、st news最新消息his latest works他最近的作品特别提醒：late同recent；lately同recently；lately不是late的副词形式。考题10 用 late, later, latter, lately, latest, last 的适当形式填空 (1)The bus arrived five minutes (2) He arrived in Lndon on Mnday. Two days , he left for New York. (3)This is the newspaper. (4)He didnt come (5)He was the per

23、son to come here. (6)of the two books, I prefer the foyer to the 考题10点拨:(1)late晚5分钟(2)later两天以后 (3)latest最新的报纸(4)lately最近(5)last最后一个(6)latter两者中的后者 总结提示；lately，latest含义不同。语法归纳 精通规那么 游刃有余本单元的语法重点是句子的成分宾语宾语(object)在句中主要充当动作的承受者，因此一般置于及物动词后。可以用作宾语的有名词、代词、数词、名词化形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、名词化的分词、从句等。 eg： She is

24、 expecting a baby in Juy她将于7月份分娩。(名词)。 They wont hurt us他们不会伤害我们。(代词) If you add 5 to 5，you get 105加5得10。(数词) He is always helping the poorer than himself他总是帮助比他穷困的人。(名词化形容词) He left there last week他上周离开了那儿。(副词) Does she really mean to leave home?她真的打算离开家吗?(不定式) He stopped smoking last week他上周戒烟了。(动

25、名词) He never did the unexpected他从不做使人感到意外的事。(名词化分词) Do you understand what I mean?你懂我的意思吗?(从句)特别提醒：英语中有些动词需要两个同等的宾语，即直接宾语(direct o bject)与间接宾语(indirect object)。常用的有answer，bring，buy，deny，do，fetch，find，get， give，hand，keep，leave，lend，ITlake，offer，owe，pass，pay，play，promise，read， refuse，save，sell，send，sh

26、ow，sing，take，teach，tell，throw，wish，write等。间接宾语一般须与直接宾语连用，通常放在直接宾语之前。 eg： He never made me SUCh excuses他从未向我表示过这种歉意。 I have found him a place我给他找到了一个职位。 She made her son a scarf她为她的儿子做了一条围巾。由于种种原因，间接宾语亦可置于直接宾语之后，但其前一般须用介词to或for。 eg：I gave my address to him我把我的地址给了他。(强调间接宾语hira)He threw the ball to me

27、。not to Tom 他将球扔给了我，没有扔给汤姆。(强调me和Tom，并使二者形成对照) I have found a place for Bob，who is my brother 我给鲍勃找到了一个职位，他是我的兄弟。(间接宾语/30b后有修饰语) 如两个宾语都是代词，间接宾语亦应放在直接宾语之后。 eg： Give it to me把它给我。 why didnt you show it to him?你为什么没有将它给他看?考题1 (典型例题)He was very busy; he couldnt help the house for you. A. cleaning B. cle

28、an C. be cleaned D. being cleaned考题2 (典型例题)The bird was lucky that it just missed A. catching B. be caught C. being caught D. to catch专题1点拨:答案为B。根据He was very busy可推断出couldnt help为“不能帮助干莱事后面接不定式作宾语，而cant help doing意为“情不自禁干某事。句意为：“他很忙，不能帮你清扫屋子。 考题2点拨；答案为C。从结构上看，A、C均可作miss的宾语，但catch与主语bird为被动关系，应选C。句意

29、为：“这个鸟很幸运没 有被捉住。总结提示：特别注意：一些动词后面只接不定式或只接动名词作宾语。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：时态专题详解：1根据题干中的时间标志词选择时态2根据固定搭配选择时态考题1 At this time tomorrow over the ocean. A. were going to fly B. well be flying C. well fly D. were to fly考题2 The reporter said the UFO _ east to west when he saw it. A. was travelling B. travelled

30、 C. had been traveling D. was to travel考题3 He _ _ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. A. has no sooner got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got考题4 We were swimming in the lake _ _ suddenly the storm started. A. when B. while C. until D. before 考题1点拨：答案为B。此题的时间标志词为

31、at this time tomorrow，表示“在明天的这个时候，要与将来进行时连用。 考题2点拨:答案为A。根据时间状语when he saw it并结合语境，可知句意为：“记者说当他看见不明飞行物时，它正自东向西飞行。要用过去进行时。 考题3点拨：答案为D。no sooner一than是一固定搭配，意思是“一就从句用一般过去时，主句用过去完成时。相同意思的结构还有hardly(scarcely)when 考题4点拨：答案为A。be doing一when一是一个固定句式，意思是“正在，这时(发生了另一件事)，主句中使用过去进行时，从句中使用一般过去时；另外也可使用be about to d

32、o一when句式，意思是“正要做，这时。 总结提示；1敏锐捕捉时间标志词，并结合具体的语境，选出乓确的动词时态 2第一轮复习中，同学们一定要夯实根底知识，熟记教材中出现的各种习惯搭配，这不仅有助于解答语法和词汇知识题，而且时于 解答完形填空和短文改错题也有帮助，还能为写作题增色不少。V考题类型一网打尽 蓦然回首 灯火阑珊回忆1 测试考点 4 (典型例题-_ _ for the glass! -Its OK. Im wearing shoes.A. Look out B, Walk out C. Go out D. Set out1A点拨：考查交际用语的用法。根据下文“Im wearing sh

33、oes可知对方提醒“注意小心玻璃，所以该空应表示“小心留神，故用look out；而go out“出去walk out“走出去，set OUt“出发均与语意不符。回忆2 测试语法 (典型例题分)Mary wrote an article on the team had failed to win the game.A. why B. what C. who D. that2A点拨：考查介词后面宾语从句。根据题意：“Mary写了一篇关于球队在此次比赛中失败的原因的文章，所以选A表示原因。回忆3 测试考点 7 (典型例题分)The poor young man is ready to accept

34、 help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever3c点拨：题意：“这个可怜的年轻人准备接受他能够得到的任何帮助。分析 help he can get这一从句结构。get后面缺少宾语故排除掉B、D，而A项whichever它强调在一定范围内的选择。而whatever泛指“无论什么，无论什么样的。应选C。VI 高考题预测 高瞻远瞩 占尽先机一、考情预测 年考情预测预测1：reward，award的用法预测2：appetite的用法 预测根据：appetite是新教材的一个重要词汇，它又是一个名词，对它的考查也势在必行

35、。 命题角度预测：appetite除了表示“胃口，食欲外，还用来表示“欲望，渴望同desire，itch两词的用法相同，通常构成短语 have an appetite fo r“渴望。预测3：whatever的用法 预测根据：whatever是一个重要的连词，它的用法广泛，学生对其用法又模糊不清，因此很容易成为高考的热点，典型例题考题中均已涉及。导让步状语从句相当于no matter what。预测4：lately，latter，latest，Iate的用法预测5：动词bteak与out，up，down，off，into等副词和介词连用时，在具体语境中的灵活运用的能力。预测6：话题预测 本单元

36、的话题是botany，介绍了植物科学的产生和物种起源，涉及植物的分类，保护等有关话题。怎样保护动植物这一话题将会是高考完形填空，阅读理解所考查的内容。二、考题预测 备考1测试考点4 In my opinion, the thief is likely to come. Please look for him. A. up B. after C. out D. down1c点拨：题意：“我认为小偷很可能会来偷东西，所以要留心他。“留心留神应用look out表示，而look up“抬头看，查找，look after“照顾，look down“看不起均不符合语境。 备考2测试考点6 Since b

37、rought in, this plant has been grow-ing on a large in this area. A. number B. amount C. group D. scale2D点拨：考查名词辨析。根据题意：“这种植物自从被引进，一直在这个地区大规模生长。on a large scald“大量地。大规模地为固定搭配。 备考3测试考点3 -When he was a small child, he had a(n) for knowledge. No wonder he knew so much. A. wish B. appetite C. touch D. st

38、udy3B 点拨：考查名词辨析。根据No wonder he knew so much可判知，“他从小就渴望获得知识，因此他现在懂得很多。 have an appetite for。渴望，为固定搭配。 备考4测试考点2 Hellen never thought the director would her to be in charge of the sales department. A. make B.consider C. appoint D. suggest4C点拨：考查动词辨析。根据题意：“Hellen从未想到经理会任命她来负责销售部，appoint“任命而consider“认为，考

39、虑，suggest“建议与题意不符合，且suggest后面不用suggest sbto do sth，应选C。 备考5测试考点1 You would be offered a(n) of $ 5,000 for the arrest of the murderer, according to the news on TV last night. A. prize B. award C. reward D. result5c 点拨：考查名词辨析。prize“奖品，award“颁奖，reward“酬金，报酬，根据题意：根据昨天晚上的新闻，抓获凶手者 将获得5，000美元的赏金。应选c。 备考6测试

40、考点 7 My son, you can ask me for you like, if you keep quiet.A. which B. no matter what C. whatever D. that6C点拨：考查连词用法。根据题意：“我的儿子，如果你安静的话，你可以向我要你喜欢的任何东西。whatever无论什么引导的从句作介词for的宾语，同时又作like的宾语。而no matter what引导让步状语从句，不符合语法。 备考7测试考点10 DO you know why he has made so many mistakes ? A. late B. lately C.

41、recent D. last7B点拨：考查副词用法。late晚；迟到，lately副词“最近地，recent adj“最近的，last“最后，根据题意：“你知道他最近为何犯了这么多错误?可知应选B，而recent为形容词，此处应用recently。 备考8测试考点6 Dont .worry about her. Her sadness will with time going on. A. pass on B. pass down C. pass by D. pass away8D点拨：考查动词短语辨析。pass on“传递，传下去，pass down“传下去，pass by“经过，pass

42、away“消失。去世，由题 意“她的悲伤会随着时间的流逝而消失的，你不用担忧她。应选D。备考9测试考点8 Parents should try to create a pleasant atmosphere, where children can live a happy life during their childhood. A. one B. it C. which D. that9A点拨：考查不定代词的用法。one用来指代前面提到的a pleasant atmosphere，且作atmosphere的同位语，而thatit表示特指；而one表示泛指。备考10测试语法 When the

43、children heard the funny story given by their father, they couldnt help into laughter. A. burst B. bursting C. to burst D. having burst10B点拨：题意：“当孩子们听到父亲讲的笑话，他们禁不住笑了起来。cant help doing sth“情不自禁干应选B。而cant help do表示“不能帮助干，与句意不符合。备考11高考新题型 Information for English Learning Global English Centre * 6-month General English classes in all four skills:listening, speaking, reading, and writing within 1200 yuan. * Choice of morriing or evening classes, 3 hours per day,Mon. t