（整理版高中英语）第三册Unit9Healthcare.doc

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1、第三册Unit9 Health careI单元知识点全览 工欲善其事 必先利其器高考须掌握的词汇：1sigmificant 2devote 3hopeful；hope 4press 5ireat 6infect 高考须掌握的短语：1off 2matters 3meet 4from 5to 6in 7Collshlt 8with 910an lOseries 11singn-fit icance考点过关 过关斩将 一马平川考点详解 精剖细解 入巿三分一、重点词汇 1consult vt向咨询；请教；商量；查阅eg： Youd better consult adoctor about your i

2、llness你最好找医生咨询一下你的病情。 Before a decision has been madeyoud better consult your father 在做决定之前最好找你父亲商量一下。 When ypu take a geography examyou may Con shit a map 参加地理考试时,你可以查阅地图。 vi交换意见；磋商eg： He is consulting with his advisor他正同他的参谋磋商事情。相关链接：consultant n会诊医生；参谋 consulting adj咨询的；参谋的用法拓展：consuIt sbabout st

3、h向某人请教某事 consult a book(a dictionary)查书(字典) consuIt with sb同某人商量 a consulting engineer参谋工程师特别提醒：consuIt当“查阅之意时，相当于referto。案例剖析 旁征博引 举一反三考题1 (典型例题)Once you have decid-ed to buy an expensive article, you had better _ an expert on it. A. ask B. advise C. consult D, find考题1点拨：答案为C。题意：“一旦你决定买件贵重物品，你最好找这方

4、面的专家咨询一下。应选c。其他均不符合语意。总结提示：consult sb“向某人请教。2devote vt 奉献；奉献 eg：He devoted himself entirely to music他毕生从事音乐工作。 He was stdevoted to the study of chemistry他依然致力于化学研究。相关链接：devotion m忠心，忠诚；献身devoted adj忠诚的；忠实的 devote oneself to献身于；致力于 be devoted to专心致志于，忠于 devotion to ones husband忠于丈夫 devotion to duty忠于

5、职守特别提醒：devoteto中to为介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。考题2 (典型例题 分) Although the working mother is very busy, she still a lot of time to children. A. devotes; look after B. spends; looking after C. devotes; looking after D. provides; looking after考题2点拨：答案为C。根据句子中的to一可知考查devoteto doing sth。句意为；“这个上班的母亲虽然很忙，但她还是把许多时间花在照顾孩

6、子上。总结提示：devoteto doing sth?to后面接动名词作宾语。 3cover记(1)盖住；铺eg：The desk is covered with a table cloth桌子用桌布盖着。 (2)掩盖；掩饰eg：Lies cant cover up facts谎话掩盖不了事实。 (3)占(时间，空间)；包括；涉及eg：The city covers ten square miles这个城市占地10平方英里。 His research covered a wide field-他的研究涉及范围很广。 (4)走过；行走路程eg：He covers twenty miles a d

7、ay他一天走20英里。 (5)负担；支付(开支)eg： His income is only enough to cover the basic needs他的收入仅够支付根本的开支。 (6)对进行采访；报道eg： I want our best reporter sent to cover the trial我要派我们最好的记者采访这次审判。用法拓展be covered by/with被覆盖cover the event采访事件特别提醒：注意cover的第4、5、6种用法。考题3 The fees of the operation are so high that his family co

8、uldnt it. A. include B. cover C. cost D. spend考题3点拨；答案为B。根据题意可知此空应表示“负担，支付应用cover，而其他三项无此用法。句意为：“手术费用如此昂贵，他的家庭负担不起。 总结提示：记住cover的第4、5、6种用法。4sigllficanoe n重要性，意义 eg：He looked at his girlfriend with a look of deep significance他带着意味深长的表情看着女朋友。 This is a speech of great signficanoe这是一次极为重要的讲话。相关链接：signi

9、ficant adj重大的，重要的；有意义的用法拓展be of no/littIe significanoe没有(很小)重要性 be of some significance有些重要性特别提醒：be of significanoe相当于be significant考题4 Do you think this meeting is of great _ _ ? Surely. A. important B. useful C. significant D. significance考题4点拨：答案为D。考查be of significance有重要性。句意为：“你认为这个会议很重要吗?当然二、重点

10、短语51ay off解雇；不理会；使下岗 eg：Lay him offCant you see hes badly hurt? 别碰他!你没看见他伤得很厉害吗? The boss laid us off for no reason这老板无缘无故地解雇了我们。 The doctor asked him to lay off for a couple of days医生叫他休息几天。用法拓展：lay sboff解雇某人/使某人休息 a 1aidoff worker一个下岗工人out of work失业特别提醒：Iay off中off为副词，代词作宾语时放在中间。考题5 He had great d

11、ifficulty in supporting his family bacause he had been off for a long time. A. laid B. taken C. cut D. separated考题5点拨:答案为A。根据语境可知，“他已被解雇好长时间了。故用lay off，而其他三项不符合语境。句意为：“他很难养活他的家庭因为他已下岗很长时间了。总结提示：lay off“使下岗，通常用被动形式。6make matters worse使情况更糟糕eg： The weather we faced mflde matters worse我们遭遇的天气使情况更糟糕。 He

12、 has been out of workTomake matters worse，he fell I11 yesterday他失业了，使情况更糟的是，他昨天病了。用法拓展：make matters worsemake things worse使情况更糟 what is worseworse stIll更糟糕的是 go ftom bad to worse每况愈下；越发变坏 change for worse or for better向害处或好处开展特别提醒：to make matters worse常用来作插入语加强语气。考题9 (典型例题分)I didnt know how to work

13、out this problem. , there was nobody who could help me.A. To make matters worse B. Thats to say C. Or rather D. In other words考题6点拨：答案为A。根据语境知应表示“更为糟糕的是故用make matters worse，而其他三项不舍题意。句意为“我不知道怎样算出这道题，更糟糕的是，没有人能帮我。总结提示：make matters worse通常构成to make matters worse用作插入语。三、重点交际用语7We think highly of我们认为好。

14、eg： PeopIe think highly of the new TV play人们对这部新电视剧评价不错。 we all think highly of what he has spoken我们都高度评价他所说的话。相关链接：think about考虑think of想起，对有想法用法拓展；think welI/highly/much of一对评价好think badly/poorly/ill/little of对评价不好 think better of something改变对的看法特别提醒：在此短语中，不能用good，poor，bad，high等形容词，要用它们的副词形式作状语修饰t

15、hink；-ll在此也为副词相当于badly。考题7 (典型例题)-The picture, which is thought _ of was painted by Qi Baishi.Really? Lets have a look at it. A. high B. good C. little D. highly考题7点拨；答案为D。Really!Lets have a look at it可看出“此画确实不错故用think highly of“对评价高，而high，good 不能修饰动词think。句意为：“这幅评价很高的画是齐白石画的。“是吗?那么让我们看一看。 ，总结提示：thi

16、nk highly of短语中，用highly不用high。四、重点句型8If low-income families cant afford to purchase medical insurance，as was the case with Wang Lin如果低收入家庭买不起医疗保险，正如王林的情况那样“ as在这里用作关系代词，引导非限制性定语从句，修饰前面的整个句子。 eg： The meeting was a success，as was expected 正如大家所预料的那样,这次会议很成功。特别提醒：which也有类似用法，但它们是有区别的： (1)which引导的定语从句可以

17、是单个名词，也可以是整个句子，而as的先行词多为整个句子。 eg：The meeting，which was held in the park，was a great succes 在公园里举行的那个会议非常成功。 The meeting is a great success，as we all expect 这次会议非常成功，这是大家所期盼的。 (2)主句与从句的内容不一致，或从句对主句的内容起反对，排斥，否认等作用时，用 which。而as只用于从句与主句内容一致时。 eg：She has married again，as was expected(可换用which)她又结婚了，这一点大家

18、预料到了。 She has married again，which was unexpected(不可用as) 她又结婚了，这是大家所没有想到的。 (3)as引导的从句可以放在句首，也可放在主句之后；而which引导的非限性定语从句不可放于句首。 eg： He came to schooIlate，which mflde us surprised他上学迟到了，这使我们深感意外。 As has been announced，we shall have our finaI exams next month正如所宣布的， 我们下个月将进行期末考试。(4)从句的谓语动词为see，know，announ

19、ce，report等动词时，用as，不用which。考题8-1 John said hed been working in the office for an hour, was true. A. he B. this C. which D. who考题8-2 is mentioned above, the number of the studentsin senior schools is increasing. A. Which B. As C. That D. It考题8-3 He was rude to the cus-toms officer, of course made thin

20、gs even worse. A. who B. whom C. what D. which考题81点拨：答案为c。关系代词which引导的定语从句，指代前面提到的这件事。句意为：“约翰说他在办公室一直工作了1 个小时，这是真的。考题82点拨：答案为B。As引导的定语从句可以放在主句的前面，而which不行。句意为：“正如上面提到的，高中生的数量在不断上升。考题83点拨：答案为D。根据语境，先行词为前面的整个句子，故用which。句意为：“他对海关官员的态度粗鲁，这当然使事情变得更为糟糕。 五、词语辨析 9stay，live，remain (1)live指长期居住，而stay为短期逗留。 eg

21、： HOW long have you stayed in this hotel?你在这家旅馆呆了多长时间?I have lived in this cily for ten years我在这座城市住了lO年。(2)stay表示单纯的“呆，而remain还可表示“留下来。 eg： slay,remain in Japan for a fortnight在日本呆两周 stay(at)home=remain at home呆在家里(remain后的at不能省略) All the others returned but Alice remained to help me别人都回去了而艾丽斯留下来帮我

22、。(此时只用remain)(3)stay与remain用作系动词注意其后形式的不同。 eg： stay the same保持一样He stayed single all his life他一生未婚。 remain侧重于继续或依然保持某种状态。、 eg： If you dont eat，youll have to remain hungry要是你不吃，你就得继续挨饿。 He remained silent他保持沉默。The problem remains to be settled这问题有待解决。 The problem remains unsettled问题还未解决。 特别提醒：(1)rema

23、in表示“情况发生了变化而仍保持原来的样子。remain后还可以接动词不定式作表语。(2)stay可以用作名词。考题9-1 Ten years later, Tom a worker while his friend Jack became a chief engineer in this company. A. stayed B. lived C. remained D. got考题9-2 During your in Japan, what places of interest have you visited? A. remain B. stay C. live D. come考题91点

24、拨：答案为C。Ten years later，Jack became a chief engineer，十年后Jack成了工程师而Tom仍保持现状，故C符合题意。句意为：“10年后，Tom仍是一名-y-A Jack却成为总工程师。 考题92点拨：答案为B。从during yourin Japan可看出，during为介词后接名词作宾语，stay除了作动词用，还可以用作名词，而其他三项不可。句意为：“你在日本期间，参观了哪些名胜?语法归纳 精通规那么 游刀有余本单元的语法重点是虚拟语气 第八、九两单元的语法工程为虚拟语气。现将其详细归纳如下： The Su bjunctive Mood(虚拟语气

25、)(1)英语的动词一般可用三种不同的语气：陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)祈使句语气(The Impera tive Mood)和虚拟语气(The Su bjunctive Mood)。 1陈述语气(The Indicative Mood)主要用来陈述一个事实或提出一种看法，它可分为肯定句、否认句、疑问句和感慨句四种形式。2祈使语气(The Imperative Mood)可以用来表示请求、邀请、命令、警告或劝告等。3虚拟语气(The Su bjunctive Mood)表示说话人所说的内容不是事实而是一种假设：愿望、疑心或推测。 虚拟语气主要用于条件从句、状语从句和名词性从

26、句中。 (1)表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气。 if引导的条件句谓语动词用过去时，动词be的过去式多用were代替was；主句谓语动词用 shouldwouldcould/might+动词原形。 eg： I would ee,tainly go ifl had time(I have no time)要是我有时间我一定去。 If he were hereeverything would be aIl fight(he is not here)如果他在这里,一切就没问题了。 1f he werewas herewe could ask him如果他在这里，我们就可以问他了。 If you didn

27、t hurryyou mighl be late again如果你不抓紧，可能又要迟到了。 If he were here with uswe should,would feel much better 如果他和我们在一起，我们的感觉会好得多。 If I were you，1 would give an AIDS patient a hug 如果我是你，我会给艾滋病患者一个拥抱。 (2)虚拟语气在条件句中表示与过去事实相反谓语动词的主要形式如下： 条件从句用had+过去分词主句用would(shouldcould，might)+have+过去分词。 eg： If the hurricane h

28、ad happened during the day time，there would have been many more deaths 如果飓风发生在白天，死亡的人数还会更多。 lf you had come a few minutes earlieryou would(could，might)have met the famous singer、 如果你早来几分钟的话，你就会(可能会)见到那个著名歌唱家。 If l had known you were free at that time1 would have asked you to go with me如果我知道那时候你有空我就叫

29、你和我一起去了。 (3)虚拟语气在条件句中表示与将来事实相反或与将来事实可能相反，谓语动词的主要形式如下： 条件从句动词过去式，或should+动词原形或we,re to+动词原形，主句would(sHould，could，might)+动词原形。 eg：If it were to snow tomorrow，they would not go out如果明 天下雪，他们就不出去了。 lf he were to do this experiment。he might do it in some other way 要是他做这项实验，他可能用另外某种方法做。 H I should see her

30、what would I say to her?如果我见到她，对她说什么呢?考题1 for the doctors careful treatment, he till last year. A. If it is not: cant live B. W.,ere in not; couldnt live C. Had it not been; couldnt have lived D. If they were not: couldntlive考题2 -Im sorry I spent so much money. Dad. I wish you so. A. hadnt done B. d

31、idnt do C. havent done D. wouldnt do考题3 I advised that he to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he quite well then. A. be sent: was feeling B. was sent: felt C. be sent; feel D. should be sent: should feel考题4 Shall he come to sere you? -Of course, please. And Id rather he _ _ me the truth. A

32、. inform B. told C. will say D. spoke(4)在I wish后面的宾语从句以及as ifthougfi引导的状语从句中要用虚拟语气，相当于从句的虚拟，即：如表示与过去的事实情况相反就用过去完成时；如表示与现在(或当时)的事实情况相反就用过去时。 eg：I wish I were young我真希望自己年轻。 I wish I could visit your school again soon我希望不久能再次访问你们。 How I wish I had taken the examination yesterday!我多么希望我昨天参加考试了! The old

33、 man treated us as if we were his own children 这老人对待我们好似我们是他自己的孩子一般。 They are talking to each othei as if they had been friends for years他们正在交谈好似多年的老朋友似的。 (5)虚拟语气用于It is time(that)句型中 这种情况下，that从句中的谓语动词通常用过去时,表示“是时候了，time前可用high、 修饰，表示强调。 eg： Its time 1 went and picked up my little girl from sch001我

34、该去接我的小女儿了。 Its time that we stopped(should stop)this practice现在是结束这种做法的时候了。 Its high time you took actions你早该采取行动了。特别提醒：虚拟语气的其他用法： (1)在in order that或so that引导的目的状语从句中谓语动词多用“couldmight(有时也用should)+动词原形。 eg： They gave their lives so that we might live a happy life 他们牺牲自己的生命是为了使我们过上幸福生活。 In order that

35、everyone may understand itwrite it in simple language为了使人人都能懂，请用简明的文字来写。 (2)在in case，for fear(that)等引导的从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形。 eg： Take your umbrellain case it(should)rain带着雨伞，以防下雨。 They work hard for fear that they should fail他们努力工作唯恐失败。 (3)在It is a pitya shameno wonderunbelievablestrangeimportantne

36、cessarynatural等结构后的that引导的主语从句中谓语常用should+动词原形(或完成形式)表示惊奇、惶惑、疑心、不满等语气。 eg： It is a great pity that he should be so conceited真遗憾他竟然这么自高自大。 Its strange that she should have failed to see her own shortcomings真奇怪，她竟然没看 到自己的缺点。(4)虚拟语气在动词arrange，command，demand，desire，insist(坚持要求)order，propose requestrequi

37、re，suggest(建议)，ask，prefer等后面的宾语从句以及这些动词转化成的 名词后的同位语从句用“(should)+动词原形。 eg： We suggested that we(should)have a meeting我们建议开个会。 We insisted that they(should)go with us我们坚持他们和我们一起去。 He demanded that we(should)start right away他要求我们立刻开始。 The doctor ordered that she(should)stay in bed for a few days医生命令她卧床

38、休息几天。 (5)在would ratherwould better之后的宾语从句中用虚拟语气。对现在或将来的推测从句用过去时；对过去的推测，从句用“had+过去分词eg： I would rather you did the work at once我宁愿你立刻工作。 I would like you had done the work before我希望你以前做过这项工佑。 (6)虚拟语气用于If only一是一个省略了主句的条件句用来表达某种强烈的不可能实现的愿望。谓语动词可以有三种形式：过去时表示一种与现在事实相反的愿望；过去完成 时，表示与过去事实相反的愿望；could,rnight

39、+动词原形，表示与将来事实相反的愿望。 (7)虚拟语气用于“愿望、意图、打算等动词的过去完成式十不定式一般式的句子结构表示“愿望、意图、打算等，如hope，expect，think，intendwantmean，plan，promise，suppose等动词的过去完成时后接一般形式的不定式，常常表示过去未曾实现的愿望或打算。 eg： We had meant to give Joan a surprise，but she knew the secret early我们本打算给琼一个惊喜但她提前知道了这个秘密。 They had wanted to help us，but couldnt get

40、 here in time他们本想要帮助我们，但是没能及时赶到这里。 I had intended to come over to see you last night，but someone called and I Coufdnt get away我昨晚本打算过来看你但因有人来访而不能脱身。 We had planned to go to Beijing by train，but you didnt turn up我们本来方案坐火车去，但是你没有出现。 考题1点拨；答案为c。考查对过去事情的假设，从句用haddone主句用情态动词+have done。当if条件句省略if时，将助动词 ha

41、d提到句首。句意为：“要是没有医生的精心治疗，他不可能活到去年。考题2点拨：答案为A。从1 wish 可以看出此处应为虚拟语气。1 wish that从句用had done，句意为：“我希望你没有花那么多钱。考题3点拨：答案为A。advise that从句用(should)+动词原形，而insist当“建议时后接(should)+动词原形，当“坚持认为时用陈述语气。本句的insist当“坚持认为讲，应选A。句意为：“我建议他应立即被送往医院，但他那时坚持认为他很好。考题4点拨：答案为B。Shall he come to see you?表示现在发生的事，而would rather that后用

42、一般过去时表示现在发生的事。句意为：“我宁愿他告诉我实话。tell sbthe truth“说实话固定搭配。IV专题探究 由点及面 由表及里专题探究：短文改错专题详解：短文改错解题技巧。 第一步：通读短文，掌握大意。 第二步：以句子为单位来细细分析琢磨。 第三步：做完改错后，在行中检查错误，确定每行只有一处错误，而且，没有单词拼写错误。 第四步：通读短文，检查是否有连词错误，行文逻辑是否流畅、合理。 总之，短文改错是一个集多项语法规那么和多种语言技能于一身的综合性试题，它所隐含的这两个原那么告诉我们，短文改错虽是分行而不是以句子为单位设置错误的，但做题时，我们必须通读全文，在把握句意、理解全篇

43、含义的根底上方可动手改错，切不可以偏概全，“一叶障目，不见泰山。再之，复习时要注意把分散的知识加以归纳、整理，举一反三，触类旁通，到达事半功倍之成效。 特别提醒： 文章改错较难，而句子改错较容易。作为短文改错题，它的一个特点是：几个句子组成一篇文章，但它是以行设置错误的，而且每行只有一处错误。如果我们把“文改错转化为“句改错。然后再在行中查错。那么此题的难度就会大大降低。因此，我认为做短文改错题应使用(ASLA)四步法。即：文章一句子一行一文章。 第一步：通读短文，把握句意，正确理解全篇含义。(Article) 第二步：变文章改错为句子改错。(Sentence) 第三步：在行中检查错误。(Li

44、ne) 第四步：再读短文，检查上下句之间的逻辑关系，即句与句之间连词的使用是否正确。(ArticIe) 另外，做短文改错题必须遵循以下两条原那么： 第一，不能改变原文思想。 第二，原文中的内容不能用多种表达法去替换。考题 短文改错： Dear Mr Brown, I am writing to thank you with your 1. kind help. Before you came to teach us, I had not interest in 2. English. My pronunciation was terribly. I could only 3. _ .speak a few words. But one and a half year lat