2022年人教版英语七年级上册教材详解 .pdf

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1、人教版英语七年级上册教材详解Unit 1 1、How are you? 你好吗？How is he ? 他好吗？I m fine. = I m OK. = I m very well. (fine, OK, well 都是形容词，表身体好的) 2、What s this in English ？ It s a ruler. ( in English 用英语 ) Spell it, please. = How do you spell it ？请拼写出来 -U-L-E-R. 3、问颜色： What color is it ? - It s black and white. What color

2、are they ? -They are red. 4、问姓名： What s your/ her/ his name ? 5、人称代词、物主代词人称代词主格宾格物主代词形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词我I me 我的my mine 我们We us 我们的our ours 你/ 你们You you 你 / 你们的your yours 他He him 他的his his 她She her 她的her hers 它It it 它的its its 他们They them 他们的their theirs 人称代词：表“ 某人 ” ，分主格、宾格（作主语为主格，常放句首；作宾语为宾格，常放动词或介词后作宾

3、语）如： I can help you Can you help me. 物主代词：表“ 某人的 ” ，可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。形容词性物主代词后必须接宾语，名词性物主代词后不接宾语。如 This is my book.= This book is mine. 变化规则：一变(mymine); 二留 (hishis itsits) 三加 s(youryours ; ourours ; herhers ; theirtheirs) 练习题：am a 14-year-old girl, name is Jane. Look, this photo is . father is a

4、teacher. works in a primary school. students all love . mother is a doctor. works in a hospital. both love jobs. I have a happy family. Do you have a family photo ? Please talk about . Unit 2 1、指示代词：this , that , these , those. 其中 this , that 一般与可数名词的单数连用或代替单数名词，而不与不可数名词连用。these, those 接复数名词或代替复数名词（

5、但that 可单独指代不可数名词） 。练习题 This apple is mine, is yours. These my apples and yours. The weather here is hotter than in Hainan. My books are different from on your desk. 2、一般疑问句，用yes或 no 来回答的问句。动词 be 提前， some 改 any There are some students in the room. there students in the room? 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - -

6、名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 1 页，共 8 页情态动词（can, could, would, should, may, must 等表语气）提前He can speak English. he speak English ? 使用助动词（do/does/did）来帮助实义动词构成问句。后接动词原形，some 改 any. He has some friends. he friends. 【注意】一般情况下，some 用于肯定句， any 用于否定句、疑问句、条件状语从句（但表请求、建议,希望得到对方的肯定的回答的问句中可用some，此类句型常以could , would 开头）

7、题： Would you like tea ? Could you take tea to me . 3、特殊疑问句：以疑问词开始的问句。其结构特点有： 疑问词 + be + 主语？Who are you ? What is your name ? What is your favorite subject ? Where is the baseball ? How much is it ? When is your birthday ? 疑问词 + 助动词 + 主语+ 谓语动词+ (其他 )？What kind of movie do you like ? What time do you

8、usually get up ? Why do you like art ? 4、助动词do/ does / did 的用法 : 帮助对实义动词提问或否定, 后接动词原形。 Do/Does/Did. like/have/go/want/think/play.? (喜欢吗？有吗？去吗？.) dont / doesnt/ didnt like/have/go/want/think/play(不喜欢、没有、不去、不想) 5、短语： call sb. at + 电话号： Please call me 5689000. Unit 3 1、介绍他人 , 人称关系词This is my mother / f

9、ather / brother/ friend /sister/uncle/ daughter/ son.2、指示代词this , that , these , those 的用法。Those are my two brothers. And that s my sister. 3、短语： Thanks for (doing) sth. = Thank you for (doing ) sth. 谢谢（做）某事。Thanks for .（ listen）谢谢收听 Thanks for your letter. 谢谢你的来信。Unit 4 1、 方位介词on/ in / under 的用法： (

10、 on 在 上； in 在里；under 在下) My book is on/in/under the desk. 2、take, bring, fetch 的用法：take sth. to sb./some place. 把某物拿到某人/某地（ take 拿走，从说话者处拿到远处）bring sth. to sb. /some place. 把某物带到某人/某地（bring 带来，从远处带到说话者处）fetch sth for sb. =fetch sb. sth. 为某人去取某物（先去再回，强调双向）练习题： I m thirsty. Can you something to drink

11、me? The teacher said “Don t forget to your homework school. ”The teacher asked me to his books his office. 3、need 的用法： need to do sth. (用于肯定句，后接动词不定式，当做实义动词)；needn t do sth.(用于否定句后常接动词原形，当做情态动词。) 题： She need you. (tell ) She needn t you. (tell) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 2 页，共 8

12、页Unit 5 1、have 表“ 有吃喝 ” 时是实义动词（有意义的动词），在一般现在时态中，当主语为单数第三人称时，用has, 其他人称用have. 题： She a brother. They bread and milk for breakfast every day. (have) 2、 many 和 much 都表 “ 很多 ” ，但 many 后接可数名词复数，而much 后接不可数名词。题： There are vegetables and milk in the fridge. 3、 let, make, have 当他们表 “ 使” 时，是使令动词，后常接动词原形。题： l

13、et s home. (go) The movie made me . (cry) I would have him for me. (wait) Unit 6 可数名词的复数变化规则：一般加s，大多数可数名词变复数后直接加“s”。如： book bookspen penss; sh; ch; x 结尾加es 如： bus buses watch watches box box es “ 辅+y” 结尾变 y 为 i 加 es 如： baby babies family families 但注意以下几点特殊的：无规则名词：manmen ; womanwomen ; policeman poli

14、cemen；EnglishmanEnglishmen child children； foot feet ; tooth teeth mouse(鼠 )mice 一般以 “o”结尾的，加 “s”如 : photo photos; kilo kilos ；但初中有四个以“o”结尾的可数名词要加“es”即： negro negroes(黑人 ); hero heroes(英雄 )；potatopotatoes(土豆 ); tomatotomatoes（番茄）一般以f (fe) 结尾则变f(fe) 为 v 加 es 如： leaf lea ves knife knives；但 roof (房顶 )直

15、接加 s ，即： roof roofs单复同形 : fish ; sheep ; deer ; Chinese ; Japanese 名词修饰名词，第一个名词充当形容词，所以第一个名词常不用复数形式。如；a book shop two book shops; 但有以下2 种特殊情况。由 man , woman 表性别，修饰可数名词复数时，man 和 woman 也要用复数形式。a man doctor two men doctors; a woman teacher two women teacherssport 常用复数形式修饰后面的名词a sports meeting; a sports

16、jacket “ 某国人 ” 的复数：中日不变英法变，其余s 加后面 . eg. GermanGermans people , police 常用单数形式表示复数概念The police are looking for the missing boy. 题：( )1.Are those _?-No, they aren t. They re _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cow C. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows ( )2.Mum, I m quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B.

17、 two bottles of orange C. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges ( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know? A. a very good B. any C. a piece of D. two pieces ( )4.Mrs. Green has two _. They re very bright.A. childs B. child C. children s D. children ( )5.The cat caught two _ l

18、ast night. A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 3 页，共 8 页( )6.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon. A. tooths B. tooth C. teeth D. toothes ( )7.In our school there are fifty-five _. A. women teachers B. woman teachers C. women teacher D

19、. woman s teacher( )8.The three _ will be put into prison. A. thiefs B. thief C. thieves D. thiefsUnit 7 1、不定冠词a, an用于可数名词前，都表“ 一（个、只、张 ）” a 用在辅音音素开头的词前如： a book； a useful book；a “u” an 用于元音音素开头的词前. 如： an apple； an umbrella; an hour； an “F”题： ( )1.There is _ “s” in _ word “bus”.A. a ; a B. an ; the

20、C. a ; the D. an ; a ( )2.Math is _ useful su bject. You can t drop it. A. an B. a C. the D. / 2、take 的用法： 拿走： Who has taken my pen ? 买下（同buy）It s ten dollars, Ill take it. 乘，搭车I take a bus to school. 花费It takes me ten years to finish the work. 记录take notes 记笔记； take photos 照相；take one s temperature

21、 量体温 服（药） (=have) Take this medicine after each meal. 【总结】 take 短语还有： take/have a bath/shower 洗个澡； take /have a walk 散一散步take off 脱下，起飞； take away 拿走； take in 吸收； take it easy 别紧张； take out 取出；take over 接管； take place 发生； take up 占据（空间）3、at 和 in 的用法：At 和 in 都可以接地名，表在某地。At 后接小地名，in 后接大地名。但如果强调在某建筑物内部

22、时，用in. 如： at school, at home, in Beijing, in China, at/in the library. 题： He ll arrive Shanghai tomorrow . 4、 at a price 以一种 的价格： e got it at a very low/good price. 5、 afford 表“ 买得起，负担的起” ，常与 can, be able to, could 等表 “ 能” 的情态动词连用。I can afford a car. He isn t able to afford (to buy)a car. 6、 have a

23、look 看一看Let me have a look. have a look at 看一看某物Let me have a look at your watch. 7、 on sale （廉价）出售：The clothes are on sale. 8、 in + 颜色： We have T-shirts in red/ green. (此处 in 表“ 处于某种状态”) Do you know the girl in red ?( 此处 in 表 “ 穿着 ”)9、 短语： see for oneself 亲自看： Come and see for yourself. 10、 for 是一个

24、介词，用法有： 为： I can do anything for you. 给： This letter is for you. 对于 It is important for us to learn English well. 适合于books for children. (表时间，距离，数量)达，计： I ll stay there for a week.精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 4 页，共 8 页11、 help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事（help 后接动词不定式或动词原形）题： She often

25、 helps the room. (A. clean B. cleans C. cleaning D. to cleaning ) Unit 8 1、 问生日： When is your birthday? - It s January fourth.2、基数词变序数词的方法：基变序，有规律；词尾要加th。一二三，特殊记；词尾分别tdd。八去 t ，九去 e ；ve 则以 f 替， ty 则变作ti ; 后面还有一个e。要是遇到几十几；只将个位变成序。onefirst twosecond threethird eighteighth nine ninth fivefifth twelvetwe

26、lfth twentytwentieth twenty-one twenty-first 题： Today is the of March. ( 九) He is the person. (十二 ) unit 9 1、 go to a movie 去看电影2、 助动词 do/does 的用法。3、 What kind (of ) 用来问种类 : What kind (of movie) do you like ? 4、 too, as well, also, either 都表 “ 也 ” ，不同用法有：too 和 as well 都用于肯定句末，可互换，但too 前常用逗号隔开. I m a

27、 student. He is a student as well/too.also 用于肯定句中（位于系动词、情态动词之后，行为动词之前）如：He is also a student. He also likesEnglish. either 用于否定句末。I m not a student, heisnt a student either.5、短语： learn about 学习 ,了解know about 得知，了解6、短语： on weekends 7、名词所有格：名词 s (意思是“ 的”)有生命的名词所有格，一般在后加“s”但注意： 表两者共有则在后者加“s”,表“ 各自的 ” 则

28、分别在每人头上加“s”。Lucy and Lily s father 露西和莉莉的父亲（共有的）Jim s and Lily s fathers吉姆的父亲和莉莉的父亲.（Jim 和 Lily 各自的） 以 s 结尾的词只加 “ ”如： the boys books James father 无生命的名词所有格用of 来引导如： the leg of the desk 双重所有格： a friend of my fathersa friend of mine ( ) a friend of my( )题： ( )1._ room is on the 5th floor. A. Lucy and

29、Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucy s and Lily D. Lucy s and Lilys( )2.Every morning Mr. Smith takes a _ to his office. A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minute s walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 5 页，共 8 页Unit 10 1、 情态动词can 的用法。2、 join 加入（人群，组织，成为其中一员）： join u

30、s join the chess club. take part in 参加（活动） ：take part in the contest. 冠词1、不定冠词a, an a 用在辅音音素开头的词前如： a book； a useful book；a “u”an 用于元音开头的词前. 如： an apple； an hour； an “ F”2、定冠词the 特指某人 /某物，表 “ 这，那 ”The book on the desk is mine. 世上独一无二的事物前the sun , the moon, the earth, the sky 形、副最高级及序数词前The third boy

31、 is the tallest of all. 【注意】当这些词前已有其他限定词，如物主代词、指示代词时，则不能再用the He is my first English teacher. the + 姓的复数表示“ 某家人 ” 或“ 某夫妇 ” ；the +形容词表一类人，作主语是复数 The Greens are visiting Beijing 格林一家正在参观北京。 The poor live hard . 穷人生活艰辛。 （类似有： the rich, the old, the young 后面省略了people） 乐器前加the . 如 play the piano/ guitar/

32、 violin 3、不用冠词的几种情况： 在星期、月份、季节前不用冠词on Monday; in January; in winter. 学科名词前learn English 球类 ,棋类等运动及早、中、晚三餐名词前( )1.Mary is _ cleverer of the two girls. A. the B. a C. an D. much ( )2._ young must look after _ old. A. The ; a B. The ; the C. A ; a D. A ; the ( )3. _ earth is one of _ planets. A. The ;

33、sun s B. The ; the sun C. The ; the sun s D. The ; the suns( )4.Kate sometimes plays _ violin(小提琴 ) and sometimes plays _ table tennis before supper. （ A. / ; the B. the ; / C. the ; the D. / ; / ）Unit 11 1、what time 表“ 几点 ” ，常用来问小时间；when 表 “ 什么时候 ” ，既可以问小时间（=What time） ，也可以问大时间，如：哪年，哪月，哪天，此时不用What

34、time 。What time/ When do you get up ? - At six o clock.When is your birthday ?- It s November second.2、listen 听，是个不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，需加to 才能接宾语。如; Please listen me. ( ) Please listen to me.( )类似的词有：wait for 等； look at 看着； arrive at/in 到达； get to 到达； go to 去；talk about 谈论； talk with/to 和某人谈3、 表喜欢厌恶等心理活动的动

35、词，大多数都能接动词不定式或动名词（v-ing ）,但 enjoy 后精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 6 页，共 8 页只能接动名词。如：love/like/prefer/hate to do sth. 或 love/like/prefer/hate doing sth. 比较I like to play basketball 我喜欢去打篮球（还没打篮球）I like playing basketball. 我喜欢经常打篮球4、job 表职业，可数名词；work 表“ 工作，做的事” ，不可数名词。题： He has a as a

36、teacher. He has a lot of to do every day. 【扩展】 work 做可数名词时，表“ 作品，著作 ” ，常用复数。如： the works of Luxun. 4、 around 常作介词，表：在周围We sat around the table. 大约（ = about） : I usually get up around 6 oclock. 到处around the world = all over the world = throughout the world 全世界5、 start/ begin doing sth. = start / begi

37、n to do sth. 开始做某事。I started to learn/ learning English at the age of 6. 但有 3 种情况后只能跟to do。主语是物。begin 和 start 本身为 ing 形式。它们后的动词与想法，感情有关时。所以当两个答案同时出现时，应选to do. The trees begin green. (A. to turn B. turning) I am beginningmy homework. (A. to do B. doing) She started me. （A. to understand B. understand

38、ing ) 6、tell sb. about 告诉某人关于 Please tell me about yourself. tell sb. sth. 告诉某人某事：Please tell me the truth. 7、辨析 tell; talk; say; speak tell 表“ 告诉，讲述 ” ，常后接人或事情作宾语。Tell me the truth. talk 表“ 交谈 ” ，是不及物动词，常与with/to/about 搭配使用再接宾语say 表“ 说 ” 后接说话的内容做宾语。I say : you are wrong. speak表“ 讲” 后直接接某种语言作宾语。Spea

39、k English. 题： （1） Our English teacher often us stories in English. A. tells B. speaks C. talks D. says （2） I don t understand what you said. Can you it in English A. tell B. speak C. talk D. say 8、take sb. to 某地（送某人到某地）The bus usually takes him to work at 19:15. take sth with sb. 某人随身带着：Don t forget

40、 to take a camera with you. 9、 in the morning 在（每天）早晨；on a morning 在（某天）早晨【总结】 in 用于大时间前 （年， 月，周）或用于一些习惯短语中。on 用于具体某一天前，或某天上午，下午等前。at 用于小时间前 (几点几分 ) 题： 1._ the morning 2._ Monday morning 3. _ a rainy evening 4. _3:50 5._ 2002 6._ the morning of April 10 7._ spring 8._ night 9._ this time 10. _ March

41、 10、短语： tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人有关的情况Please write to me and tell me about your moring. 1、 短语： write to sb. 写信给某人 = write a letter to sb. Unit 12 1、 tired (1) 疲劳的，累的【短语】be tired from/ with 因而疲劳He is tired from work. (2) 厌烦的【短语】 be tired of (doing) sth. 厌烦（做）某事I am tired of studying. 2、busy 表“ 繁忙的 ” 短

42、语有：be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事We are busy preparing our exams these days. 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 7 页，共 8 页3、strict 表“ 严格的 ” ，短语有： be strict with sb. 对某人严格要求His father is strict with him. be strict in sth. 对某事严格要求We should be strict in (doing) our work. 4、ask 表“ 问；要求；邀请等” ，常见短语有：

43、 ask sb. about sth. 询问某人有关 的情况。 He often asks me about the weather. ask/tell sb. to do sth. 要求某人去做某事My father always asks me to study hard. ask sb. for sth. 向某人要某物：The beggar often asks me some food. 那个乞丐经常 ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助you can ask the police for help. 5、any 常用于疑问句，条件状语从句，否定句中. 用于疑问句，条件状语

44、从句，否定句中，表“ 一些 ” 。 Are there any people ? If you have any trouble, please let me know. I have some sisters, but not any brothers. 用于肯定句中，表“ 任何 ” ，如： Come any day you like. 【扩展】 any 构成的不定代词(anything, anybody, anywhere) 的用法同any. 6、 before 表“ 在 之前 ” ，可作介词或引导时间状语从句的连词。注意下列同义句。Before going there, I know i

45、t is a beautiful place. (作介词，后接动名词，简单句) =Before I go there, I know it is a beautiful place. （作连词，引导时间状语从句，复合句）【扩展】反义词after 的用法同before. 7、after 短语 : after class 课后； after school 放学后； after lunch 午餐后8、Mr, Mrs, Miss, Ms 的用法 Mr /mist ?I /意为 “ 先生 ”,一般用于男子姓氏或职务前?要注意的是 ,英美人的姓在名字后面,中国人的姓在名字前面?如果一个英国男子叫John

46、Brown, 就称他为Mr Brown, 但不能称其为Mr John;如果一个中国男子叫刘诚,就称他为Mr Liu, 不能称Mr Cheng ? Mrs /misiz/意为 “ 夫人 ,太太 ”,常用于已婚妇女的丈夫的姓氏前?如果一个名叫Mary Jones 的女子嫁给了一个名叫Jack White 的男子 ,就称她为Mrs White, 但不能称Mrs Jones? Miss /mis/ 意为 “ 小姐 ”,用于对未婚女子的称呼?如果一个未婚女子名叫Rose Jones,可以称她为Miss Jones。 Ms /miz/意为 “ 女士 ” ，如果对一个女子的婚姻状况不明,即不知其是否结婚时,

47、可以在其姓氏前用Ms。如 : I m not Mr King, Im Ms King.(我不是金先生,我是金女士 ?) 9、life 是名词，表 “ 生命，生物 ” 笼统概念时，是不可数名词，其余意义是可数名词 生活 可数 Computers have changed our lives. 电脑已经改变了我们的生活。 (个人的 )性命 可数 Many people lost lives in the earthquake. 很多人在地震中丧命。 一生 ;寿命 可数 His life was full of sadness. 他的一生充满了不幸。 生命，生物不可数 There is no lif

48、e on the moon. 月球上没有生命。10、常用句型What s your favorite subject ? - My favorite subject is science. Why do you like it? - Because it s fun/ interesting/ relaxing / exciting.11、At 8:00, I have math. (have 可用来表上某课程，如: have English/ Chinese/ science/ art) 精选学习资料 - - - - - - - - - 名师归纳总结 - - - - - - -第 8 页，共 8 页