口译词汇之法律词汇.doc

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1、【精品文档】如有侵权，请联系网站删除，仅供学习与交流口译词汇之法律词汇.精品文档.Law vocabulary 法律词汇1.法律名称constitutional law 宪法 canon law 教会法规 common law 习惯法 criminal law 刑法 administrative law 行政法 civil law 民法 commercial law, mercantile law 商法 law of nations 万国公法international law 国际法 natural law 自然法 labor laws 劳工法 fiscal law 财政法 Civil Sui

2、t Law, Code of civil law 民事诉讼法 Criminal Law 刑事诉讼法 Military Law 军法 Conscript Law 兵役法 Lawyer Law 律师法Copyright Law 著作权法 penal code 刑法典 code of mercantile law 商法典 draft 草案 Government bill 政府议案 decree 法令 clause 条款 bill法案report 判例汇编 codification 法律汇编 legal instruments/papers法律文书Civil Procedural Law民事诉讼法su

3、bstantive law 实体法（规定基本权利及义务）just aequum 公正法 Cambiale jus 交易法compurgation 宣誓采证法marriage law 婚姻法civil law 大陆法civil right act 人权法案civil procedure 民事诉讼法common law 普通法、习惯法、一致法、共同法judicial act 司法法案Cambiale jus 交易法VOCA 犯罪受害人法案 Uniform Determination of Death Act (UDDA) 统一死亡判定法案 substantive law 实体法（规定基本权利及义务

4、） substantive criminal law 实体刑法 deductive reasoning 演绎法case law 案例法source legal provisions 查阅法条2.和法律相关的职业和机构defendant被告(用于民事、行政案件);the accused (用于刑事案件)被告appellant上诉人petition for appeal上诉状petitioner; claimant申请人claimant; plaintiff申诉人（仲裁）victim受害人accuser; complainant控告人defendant in error 被上诉人clerk 书记官

5、codefendant 共同被告personnel handling a case 办案人员person other than involved in the case案外人losing party败诉方guarantor保证人，担保人party against whom execution is filed被申请执行人person subject to enforcement被执行人party in necessary co-litigation必要共同诉讼人criminal suspect犯罪嫌疑人 assigned counsel 公设辩护人attorney at law律师assist

6、ant lawyer律师助理local counsel 本地律师defense lawyer辩护律师 associate lawyer非合伙律师partner lawyer合伙律师specialized lawyer专门律师professional lawyer; full-time lawyer专职律师part-time lawyer兼职律师apprentice lawyer; lawyer in probation period实习律师legal consultant 法律顾问director of lawyer control department律管处处长secretary gener

7、al of Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会秘书长member of Lawyer Association律师协会会员witness 专家证人foreman of jury 陪审团主席bailiff 法庭内的法警 procurator检察官 senior procurator高级检察官deputy director of Judicial Bureau司法局副局长director of Judicial Bureau司法局局长 state-run law office国办律师事务所law office in partner-ship; cooperating law o

8、ffice合伙制律师事务所agency for arbitration代理仲裁drafting of legal instruments代写文书expert jury 陪审团grand jury 大陪审third party第三人division; tribunal法庭LL.D (Doctor of Laws) 法学博士学位law society法学会law school法学院non-litigation practice非诉讼业务Public Security Bureau公安局detention house看守所local police station; police substation

9、派出所arbitration committee for labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会law office; law firm律师事务所National Bar (Lawyer) Association律师协会lawyer discipline律师惩戒Articles of Lawyer Association律师协会章程lawyers office律师业务室National Lawyer Congress全国律师代表大会Peoples Court人民法院Ministry of Justice司法部Judicial Bureau司法局district court 地方法院fo

10、rum 法院court of first instance 第一审法院court of second instance 第二审法院holding 法院判决house of lords 上议院house of commons 下议院hearing 听证会inferior court 美国联邦法院第一级法院统称小法院intermediate appellate court 中间上诉法院judicial committee of the privy council 枢密院司法委员会juvenile court 青少年法院kings bench division 王室法庭kings council国王

11、的咨询会议 court of common pleas 民诉法院court of kings bench 王室法院court of exchequer 财务法院court of exchequer chamber 财务上诉法院country court 乡镇法院court of common bench 民诉法院court of justice of the peace 地方治安法院court of probate 遗嘱继承法院court of divorce 婚姻法院court of assize 巡回法院court of the international trade 国际贸易法院cour

12、t of appeals for the federal circuit 联邦巡回上诉法院arbitration committee for labor disputes劳动争议仲裁委员会interested party; party in interest利害关系人director of lawyer control department律管处处长litigation party; litigious party诉讼当事人foreign law office 外国律师事务所 entrusted agent委托代理人arbitration agency仲裁机构second tribunal第二

13、审判庭first tribunal第一审判庭Foreign Economic Legal Consultancy Office对外经济法律顾问处foreign trade law firm对外经济律师事务所Foreign Economic and Trade Arbitration Commission对外经济贸易仲裁委员会agency hearing 听证会public security sub-bureau公安分局 maritime court海事法院 collegial panel合议庭 Peoples Mediation Committee人民调解委员会juvenile prison少

14、管所 Ministry of Justice司法部 judicial bureau司法局basic Peoples Court基层人民法院 intermediate Peoples Court中级人民法院the Supreme Peoples Court最高人民法院3.罪刑peccadillo 轻罪 voluntary manslaughter 故意杀人 voluntary intoxication 故意醉酒 victimless crime 无受害者犯罪 vehicular homicide 车祸致人死命罪 uttering 故意提供或传递伪造文件罪 treason 叛国罪 crime of

15、 concealing the murder包庇罪narcotic drug crime毒品罪crime of dereliction of duty渎职罪crime of having sexual intercourse with a minor奸淫幼女罪instigators教唆犯economic crimes经济犯罪crime of arson放火罪bootlegging; 贩卖违禁品:bribery; 行贿受贿:burglary; 入室盗窃child abuse; 虐待儿童:hijack; 劫持defame诽谤crime of interference with state func

16、tions妨害公务罪crime of disrupting the order of social administration妨害社会管理秩序罪crime of disrupting marriage and the family妨害他人婚姻家庭罪crime of unlawful detention非法拘禁罪crime of illegally manufacturing firearms and ammunition非法制造枪支及弹药罪unlawful assign men非法转让contempt of court 藐视法庭罪contributory negligence 加工过失jai

17、l, prison, imprisonment, imprison, incarcerate, lock up监狱/关押:capital punishment, death penalty, death sentence死刑:life sentence, life presentments, lifelong punishment无期徒刑:crime of drug trafficking贩卖毒品crime of selling bogus medicines贩卖假药罪crime of trafficking in counterfeit national currency贩运伪造的国家货币罪

18、interfere with the course of justice妨碍司法公正acquit 无罪4.法律的相关权利immunity 豁免，豁免权 civil rights 民事权利，公民权利 human rights, rights of man 人权right of resale 转卖权right of choice 选择权 guardianship 监护权 debt claim 债的请求权 economic right 经济权利 right to interpret 解释权 right of reply 答辩权 right of complaint 控告权claim of paten

19、t application 专利申请权 right of asylum 避难权right of action 起诉权 property right 财产权 right of habitation 居住权recourse求偿权right to make a will 立遗嘱权 right of appeal 上诉权 right of personality 人格权 civil right 民事权利benefit of cession 财产让与权5.和法律相关的一些术语report a case （to security authorities）报案final statement of the a

20、ccused被告人最后陈述principal action本诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回反诉deny/dismiss a motion驳回请求reject/dismiss the appeal and sustain the original judgment/ruling驳回上诉、维持原判judgment补充判决supplementary investigation补充侦查trial in camera不公开审理withdraw appeal撤回上诉withdraw a lawsuit撤诉legal aid法律援助legal

21、 consulting法律咨询composition; compromise和解summon by force; summon by warrant拘传information/report of an offence举报 tangible evidence实物证据real evidence实在证据demonstrative evidence示意证据audio-visual evidence视听证据wanted for arrest通缉appearance投案record of interrogation讯问笔录conclusion of investigation侦查终结execution o

22、f arrest执行逮捕conciliation of execution执行和解recovery of execution执行回转retreat during court session without permission中途退庭remand a case （to a low court）案件发回report a case （to security authorities）报案final statement of the accused被告人最后陈述principal action本诉dismiss a counterclaim; reject a counterclaim驳回反诉deny

23、/dismiss a motion驳回请求supplementary judgment补充判决supplementary investigation补充侦查trial in camera不公开审理withdraw appeal撤回上诉withdraw a lawsuit撤诉legal aid法律援助legal consulting法律咨询composition; compromise和解summon by force; summon by warrant拘传information/report of an offence举报tangible evidence实物证据real evidence实

24、在证据demonstrative evidence示意证据audio-visual evidence视听证据 wanted for arrest通缉appearance投案record of interrogation讯问笔录conclusion of investigation侦查终结execution of arrest执行逮捕conciliation of execution执行和解recovery of execution执行回转retreat during court session without permission中途退庭margins保证金heavier punishment

25、从重处罚initiate legal proceeding打官司unable to establish不能成立ruling裁定state陈述collaborate串通impose a lenient sentence从轻处罚unlawful foreclosure非法查封parole假释false evidence假证据Year and a Day Rule 满一年原则（如受害者满一年未死亡，不得以杀人罪起诉被告） Whartons Rule 沃顿原则（如果某种罪最少得由N人所犯，那么N+1人才构成同谋罪 sudden passion 突然情感爆发（可能导致故意杀人） subornation of perjury 非法教唆他人作伪证 strict liability crimes 严格责任犯罪（无犯罪意图或过错仍然有罪）