高考备考英语语法之主谓一致.pptx

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1、会计学1高考高考(o ko)备考英语语法之主谓一致备考英语语法之主谓一致第一页，共19页。n谓语用单数谓语用单数第1页/共19页第二页，共19页。n5+ of + n.； a majority/minority of +n谓语动词谓语动词跟后面跟后面(hu mian)的中心词的中心词n. 保保持一致。持一致。n6)不定代词做主语，谓语动词用不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数，如单数，如something，nobody，somebodyn7)each, either, neither, another, the other 做主语或主语被和他们做主语或主语被和他们有关的短语修饰，谓语动词用单有关的短

2、语修饰，谓语动词用单数。数。n8)有些以有些以s 结尾的名词本身不结尾的名词本身不表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数表示复数意义，谓语通常用单数形式形式n9）the number of （谓动用单（谓动用单数）数）;a number of /a great many of + 复数名词复数名词 (谓动用复数谓动用复数)第2页/共19页第三页，共19页。第3页/共19页第四页，共19页。一，概念透析一，概念透析: :定义：主语定义：主语(zhy)(zhy)和谓语动词在人称和数上保持和谓语动词在人称和数上保持一致。一致。几个做题原则几个做题原则1 1就近原则就近原则-谓语和最近的主语在人称谓语和最近的主

3、语在人称(rnchng)(rnchng)和数和数上保持一致上保持一致1)1)两个做主语的名词或代词由两个做主语的名词或代词由either or ,either or ,neithernor ,neithernor ,not only but also, not only but also, or or 连接时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一连接时，谓语动词与最近的主语保持一致致第4页/共19页第五页，共19页。第5页/共19页第六页，共19页。2) there be/ here be 2) there be/ here be 结构结构(jigu)(jigu)中中be be 动词与后动词与后面的最近

4、的名词保持一致。面的最近的名词保持一致。例如例如(lr)(lr)，1,There a pen and two books on the desk.(is or 1,There a pen and two books on the desk.(is or are)are)2, Here a letter and a book for you.(is or 2, Here a letter and a book for you.(is or are)are)3)3)倒装倒装(do zhun)(do zhun)结构结构 1 1，He works well in the factory, so He

5、works well in the factory, so she.she.（dodo） 2 2，The boy doesnThe boy doesnt like playing football,neither/nort like playing football,neither/nor（ ） his younger brother.his younger brother.（do)do)3,On the top of the hill 3,On the top of the hill a temple.(stand) a temple.(stand)第6页/共19页第七页，共19页。4) o

6、ne of +4) one of +复数名词复数名词+which / that /who(+which / that /who(引导定语从句引导定语从句) ) + +谓语用复数谓语用复数; that/which ; that/which 引导定语从句，谓语动词引导定语从句，谓语动词(dngc)(dngc)与先行词一致。与先行词一致。He is one of students who He is one of students who toto catch snake.(dare) catch snake.(dare)2 2 就远原则就远原则谓语谓语(wiy)(wiy)动词的人称和动词的人称和数

7、与最远（最前面）的主语保持一致：数与最远（最前面）的主语保持一致： 1 1）主语后面跟）主语后面跟as well as, with as well as, with ,together with, in addition ,together with, in addition toto，besidesbesides，along with, including along with, including ;except, but, not; like ;except, but, not; like 短语时谓语短语时谓语(wiy)(wiy)动词和最前面的名词一致动词和最前面的名词一致A boy w

8、ith his parents going A boy with his parents going toto zoo next week.(be)zoo next week.(be)Nobody but the students in the Nobody but the students in the classroom.(be)classroom.(be)She not I playing She not I playing volleyball.(like)volleyball.(like)第7页/共19页第八页，共19页。2 2）each each 作同位语时，它不决定单复数。谓语作

9、同位语时，它不决定单复数。谓语(wiy)(wiy)动词跟前面的主语一致。动词跟前面的主语一致。They each a dictionary. They each a dictionary. （havehave）（区别：（区别：each of them has a dictionary.each of them has a dictionary.）3) the only/very one of +3) the only/very one of +复数名词复数名词+which +which / that /who +/ that /who +谓语谓语(wiy)(wiy)用单数用单数He is th

10、e only one of students who He is the only one of students who toto catch snake. catch snake.（daredare）第8页/共19页第九页，共19页。3 意义意义(yy)一致原则一致原则-指主语形式上为单数，指主语形式上为单数，但意义但意义(yy)为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式为复数，因此谓语动词用复数形式；或主语形式上为复数；或主语形式上为复数,但表示单数意义但表示单数意义(yy)，这是谓语动词用单数形式。这是谓语动词用单数形式。1）集合名词，作为整体时看为单数，强调个体）集合名词，作为整体时看为单数，强

11、调个体时看作复数。时看作复数。 如：如：Group/class/committee/family/army/team/audience/government/staffMy family having lunch now. （be）(family强调个体强调个体)My family moved into the new house. （have）family强调整体强调整体)The basketball team of 20 players.（ consist）（）（team强调球队整体）强调球队整体）The basketball team having a bath now.（be）（）（t

12、eam强调个体强调个体-球队球员）球队球员）第9页/共19页第十页，共19页。2 2）单复数同形的词，根据主语本身要表达意思来判断谓）单复数同形的词，根据主语本身要表达意思来判断谓语动词用单数还是复数。语动词用单数还是复数。如如means, cattle, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, works, means, cattle, sheep, Chinese, Japanese, works, species, fish species, fish A sheep running along the riverA sheep running along the river

13、Every means of solving the problem Every means of solving the problem discussing.discussing.The cattle grazing near the river. The cattle grazing near the river. 牛在牛在河边吃草河边吃草（Is needs areIs needs are）3)3)表示数目，时间，金额或距离表示数目，时间，金额或距离(jl)(jl)的名词复数做的名词复数做主语根据意义将其看作整体谓语动词用单数。主语根据意义将其看作整体谓语动词用单数。Twenty dol

14、lars too expensive for the Twenty dollars too expensive for the book.book.Two hours enough for us Two hours enough for us toto finish the finish the experiment.experiment. （Is is Is is ）第10页/共19页第十一页，共19页。4 4）由）由and and 连接连接(linji)(linji)的名词短语如果表示同一人的名词短语如果表示同一人或事物，谓动用单数；若表示两个不同的概念，谓动用或事物，谓动用单数；若表示两

15、个不同的概念，谓动用复数。复数。如：如：The bread and butter my favorite. (The bread and butter my favorite. (同一事物指同一事物指“黄油面包黄油面包”) ”) The singer and the dancer from another The singer and the dancer from another country. (country. (两个不同身份的人，指那个歌唱家和那个舞两个不同身份的人，指那个歌唱家和那个舞蹈家蹈家) )（is comeis come）5 5）分数或百分数）分数或百分数+ of + n.

16、+ of + n.； a majority/minority of a majority/minority of +n+n谓语动词跟后面的中心词谓语动词跟后面的中心词n. n. 保持一致。保持一致。6)6)不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数，如不定代词做主语，谓语动词用单数，如somethingsomething，nobodynobody，somebodysomebody7)each, either, neither, another, the other 7)each, either, neither, another, the other 做主做主语或主语被和他们有关的短语修饰，谓语动词用单数

17、。语或主语被和他们有关的短语修饰，谓语动词用单数。Neither answer is correct. Each of them likes Neither answer is correct. Each of them likes eating cakes eating cakes 第11页/共19页第十二页，共19页。8)8)有些以有些以s s 结尾的名词本身不表示复数结尾的名词本身不表示复数(fsh)(fsh)意义，意义，谓语通常用单数形式，谓语通常用单数形式，如如news, mathematics, physics, politicsnews, mathematics, physics

18、, politics等等No news good news. Maths popular in No news good news. Maths popular in our classour class. .9 9）the number of the number of （谓动用单数）（谓动用单数）;a number of /a great ;a number of /a great many of + many of + 复数复数(fsh)(fsh)名词名词 ( (谓动用复数谓动用复数(fsh) (fsh) The number of athletes 40. The number of

19、athletes 40. A number of / a great many of the students A number of / a great many of the students diligent.diligent.（is is is areis is is are）第12页/共19页第十三页，共19页。1010）the +adj. the +adj. 指人用复数指人用复数(fsh),(fsh),指物用单数指物用单数. .如：如：the wounded (the wounded (伤员伤员) )，the old(the old(伤员伤员) ) 谓动用复数谓动用复数(fsh)(

20、fsh)；the beautiful(the beautiful(美好的事物美好的事物) )，the good(the good(好的好的地方优点地方优点) )谓动用单数。谓动用单数。 The old taking good care of. The old taking good care of. The beautiful worthy of being remembered.The beautiful worthy of being remembered.11) “form11) “form（s s） / kind / kind（s s） / type / type（s s） of +

21、of + 名词名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数作主语时，谓语动词的单复数(fsh)(fsh)与与formform（s s）等）等的单复数的单复数(fsh)(fsh)一致，此时，若名词是不可数名词，谓一致，此时，若名词是不可数名词，谓语动词也要用复数语动词也要用复数(fsh)(fsh)形式。形式。如：如：This kind of book well. This kind of book well. Two kinds of salt proved Two kinds of salt proved toto be harmful be harmful toto human body. human

22、body. 区别：区别：Books of this kind sell well Books of this kind sell well （need is sells have need is sells have ）第13页/共19页第十四页，共19页。4 4 形式一致原则形式一致原则不注重短语表示意思，只注重不注重短语表示意思，只注重其形式，形式为单数谓语其形式，形式为单数谓语(wiy)(wiy)动词就用单动词就用单数：数：many a + nmany a + n（单数）（单数） / more than one +n / more than one +n（单（单数）数） / every(

23、each) +n + / every(each) +n +（+and+ each +n+and+ each +n）/ a majority(minority)/ one and a half +/ a majority(minority)/ one and a half +复数名词复数名词 以上的短语做主语谓语以上的短语做主语谓语(wiy)(wiy)动词动词用单数。用单数。Many a student playing the Many a student playing the computer puter games.More than one student ever been More

24、than one student ever been toto Beijing. Beijing. One and a half hours enough. One and a half hours enough. Every man and every woman at Every man and every woman at work.work.A majority expected A majority expected toto be admitted be admitted toto the famous university. the famous university.（like

25、s has is is is likes has is is is ）第14页/共19页第十五页，共19页。B C B B A A 第15页/共19页第十六页，共19页。7. Mathematics _ my favorite subject. A. be B. is C. am D. are 8. The boy with the two dogs _ when the earthquake rocked the city.A. were sleeping B is sleeping C. was sleeping D. are asleep 9.Every one except Tom a

26、nd John _there when the meeting began. A. are B. is C. were D. was 10. That place is not interesting at all, _of us wants to go there. A. Neither B. Both C. All D. Some 11.Nobody but Jane _ the secret. A. know B. knows C. have know D. is 12. The office staff_ gathered to hear the president speak.A.

27、is B. are C. be D. will 13. This pair of glasses _mine. A. are B. be C. is D. will be B A D A B D C 第16页/共19页第十七页，共19页。14 Both Lily and Lucy _to the party yesterday. A. invited B. was invited C. had invited D. were invited15. Two months _quite a long time. Yes, Im afraid that he will miss lots of hi

28、s lessons. A. is B. are C. was D. were 16. In the city，the old _. A. take good care of B. are taken good care of C. is taken good care of D. are been taken good care of 17. His family _all very kind and friendly, His family _a happy one.A. are, is B. is, is C. are, are D. is, are18. The singer and t

29、he dancer _come to Beijing. A. has B. have C. are D. is 19. The children in this class each _C_new school bag. A. have B. has C. has got D. are having A A C A C C 第17页/共19页第十八页，共19页。20 If Bobs wife wont agree to go on holiday in winter, .A. neither he will B. neither wont he C. neither will he D. he

30、 wont neither21. Apples of this kind_A. tastes good B. tastes well C. taste good D. taste well22You as well as he to blame for the accidentA. are B. is C. have D. has23. I, who _your teacher, will try my best to help you with my study.A. is B. are C. be D. am24. Only _ in our school _ been invited to the party.A. one third of the teachers; has B. one third teachers; have C. on third of the teachers; have D. one third teachers; has C B C A C 第18页/共19页第十九页，共19页。