高考英语语法主谓一致课件.pptx

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1、Subject-Verb Agreement主主 谓谓 一一 致致Learning Aims:1.To summarize and review the Subject-Verb Agreement.2.To master the usage of agreement.Subject-Verb Agreement主谓一致主谓一致 (Period 1)一、含义一、含义主谓一致主谓一致是指是指谓语动词与主语谓语动词与主语必须在人称、必须在人称、数上数上保持一致保持一致。I have a car,but he has two.We were farmers 10 years ago,but he w

2、as a worker.主谓一致四大原则主谓一致四大原则语法一致原则语法一致原则意义一致原则意义一致原则就近一致原则就近一致原则就前一致原则就前一致原则一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则一、语法一致原则主语是复数，谓语要用复数形式，如主语是复数，谓语要用复数形式，如are,were,have等。等。主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：主语是单数，谓语要用单数形式，如：is,was,has,works等。等。We work in the same company.Two students are waiting for you in your office.A book is lyi

3、ng on my desk.She often does her homework in the morning.We were farmers 10 years ago,but he was a worker.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则主谓语一致主谓语一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义主语所表达的内在含义。The crowd were fighting for their lives.这些人正为生存而战斗。这些人正为生存而战斗。Three years in a strange land

4、 seems like a long time.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。意义一致原则意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数谓语动词单复数视情况定单复数视情况定二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词1.and连接的连接的两个两个并列成分指的是并列成分指的是同一概念同一概念，兼具，兼具 身份或匹配出现身份或匹配出现 Bread and butter is a daily food in the West.The professor and writer is speaking

5、 at the meeting.The professor and the writer are speaking at the meeting.常见的由常见的由and连接的指一个概念的有：连接的指一个概念的有：the needle and thread salt and waterthe folk and knife iron and steel time and tide针针 线线盐盐 水水刀刀 叉叉钢钢 铁铁岁月岁月 二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词noeverymany amore than one单数名词单数名词+单数动词单

6、数动词No sound and no voice is heard.Each doctor and each nurse was given a new shirt.Many a student and teacher likes football.More than one student knows the answer.Many a man has died in the war.2.each+单数名词单数名词+and+(each)+单数名词单数名词+单数动词单数动词二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词3.one/every one

7、/each/either/the number of+复数名词复数名词 +单数动词单数动词Each of the girls likes dancing.One of them has been abroad.The number of traffic accidents has increased.A number of children like this song.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词4.由由every-,some-,no-,any-和和-one,-thing,-body等构成的不定代词作主语，用单数动词。等构成的不

8、定代词作主语，用单数动词。Everyone in the class was surprised at the news.Nobody knows where she lives.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词5.动词动词-ing形式，动词不定式和名词性从句作主语形式，动词不定式和名词性从句作主语Making speeches is not her strong point.Growing flowers needs constant watering.To die for the people is a worthy death.

9、How they can finish their work is still unknown.Where we will go has not been decided.What he says and does doesnt concern me.注意：注意：what 引导的名词性从句作主语引导的名词性从句作主语What we need now is water.What we need now are books6.学科名称的名词作主语时学科名称的名词作主语时7.国名、地名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时国名、地名、书名、组织机构等专有名词作主语时8.时间、金钱、距离、重量、金钱、体积

10、的复数名词时间、金钱、距离、重量、金钱、体积的复数名词 作主语，表示整体概念时作主语，表示整体概念时9.clothing,furniture,traffic,jewellery,baggage,luggage,equipment等无生命的集体名词作主语时等无生命的集体名词作主语时二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词Physics is one of my favourite subjects.The United States is made up of 50 states.Fifty miles is a long walk for m

11、e.Clothing is badly needed in this flooded area.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则主谓语一致主谓语一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义主语所表达的内在含义。The crowd were fighting for their lives.这些人正为生存而战斗。这些人正为生存而战斗。Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时

12、间。意义一致原则意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数谓语动词单复数视情况定单复数视情况定二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用复数谓语动词用复数谓语动词2.有生命的集体名词有生命的集体名词The police are running after the thief.The cattle like eating grass in the field.The Philippines lie to the southeast of China.Rocky mountains stand in the west of North America.Th

13、e Olympic Games are held once every four years.4.群岛，山脉，瀑布，运动会等以群岛，山脉，瀑布，运动会等以-s结尾的专有名词结尾的专有名词A group of girls were talking about Jay Zhou.Large quantities of water are sent there.A large quantity of water is sold out.A large quantity of books are/is sold out.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用复数谓语动词用复

14、数谓语动词5.a number of/quantities of/a group of+名词名词A group of girls were talking about Jay Zhou.Large quantities of water are sent there.A large quantity of water is sold out.A large quantity of books are/is sold out.6.the+adj.表示一类人或物作主语，谓语动词用复数表示一类人或物作主语，谓语动词用复数二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则用复数谓语动词用

15、复数谓语动词The rich are not always happy.The wounded need help.The disabled are paid close attention to by society.The dying are being treated.7.the+姓的复数形式做主语，谓语动词用复数。姓的复数形式做主语，谓语动词用复数。The Whites are going to make a trip to London.The Greens were watching TV When a fire broke out.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则

16、二、意义一致原则用复数谓语动词用复数谓语动词8.glass,trousers,shoes,socks,chopsticks,scissors 等由两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词做主语等由两部分构成的表示衣物或工具的名词做主语My glasses are new.Your trousers need washing.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则主谓语一致主谓语一致不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，不是根据其外部语法形态来决定，而是取决于而是取决于主语所表达的内在含义主语所表达的内在含义。The crowd were fighting for their live

17、s.这些人正为生存而战斗。这些人正为生存而战斗。Three years in a strange land seems like a long time.在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。在异乡生活的三年，仿佛是很长的时间。意义一致原则意义一致原则用单数谓语动词用单数谓语动词用复数谓语动词用复数谓语动词单复数视情况定单复数视情况定二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则视情况定视情况定1.集体名词集体名词family,team,army,class,government,crowd,group,public,party 等做主语，强调等做主语，强调整体整体，谓，谓语动

18、词用语动词用单数单数，强调，强调个体个体，谓语动词用，谓语动词用复数复数。My family is a big one.His family are all workers.The army has a secret task this week.The army are helping to clear up after the earthquake.The government is to build a brick factory this year.The government are holding a meeting now.Men of this kind are in dang

19、er.Man of this kind is in dangerMen of this kind are in danger.Man of this kind is in danger二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则视情况定视情况定3.kind,sort,type表种类的词表种类的词This kind of flowers grows in the south of China.Many kinds of animals are dying out.Forty percent of the money _(have)been used up.Forty perc

20、ent of the workers _(be)out of work.Half of the students _(have)left.Half of the fruit _(go)bad.None of the money in the drawer _(be)mine.None of the boys here _(like)dancing.Three fourths of the surface of the earth _(be)sea.Three fourths of the people _(be)against the plan.二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则二、意义一致原则

21、二、意义一致原则视情况定视情况定hasare have goesislikeisareForty percent of the money _(have)been used up.Forty percent of the workers _(be)out of work.Half of the students _(have)left.Half of the fruit _(go)bad.None of the money in the drawer _(be)mine.None of the boys here _(like)dancing.Three fourths of the surf

22、ace of the earth _(be)sea.Three fourths of the people _(be)against the plan.定语从句的主谓一致定语从句的主谓一致三、就近一致原则三、就近一致原则三、就近一致原则三、就近一致原则四、就前一致原则四、就前一致原则注意：注意：疑问句的就近一致疑问句的就近一致Either he or you are right.Is either he or you right?补充：补充：He is one of the boys who have been there.He is the(only)one of the boys who has been there.He is one of the boys who have been there.He is the(only)one of the boys who has been there.