高中英语2024届高考必备同义词汇总（共6类）.doc

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1、高考英语必备同义词1.意义内涵不同destroy , damage , ruinThe boy ruined the beautiful picture with ink on purpose.(不可修复)His hope of being a singer was destroyed.(不可修复)The heavy rain damaged a lot of houses.(可修复)quiet , silent , stillBe quiet and get on with your work.安静的，寂静的。表自然环境，表生性安静，不易激动。You must learn when to s

2、peak and when to keep silent.表沉默的。表示不说话，不弄出声音。The air is so still that the smoke is rising straight up from the fire.安静的，不动的。指人表面无动作。occur , happen , take placeIt was unfortunate that this accident should happen / occur.偶然发生，碰巧。常指不好的事情。It occurred to him that he should go to see a dentist.与happen 可互

3、换。occur to sb./ sth.思想出现在意识中。The official opening of the store will take place next week.指必然会发生的事情，无被动。还有举行活动fit , match , suitThis coat doesnt suit you.多指颜色、款式、质地等适合，合乎需要、口味、性格、条件和地位等。This coat doesnt fit you.多指大小、尺寸、形状合适、合身。This tie doesnt match this coat.多指大小、形状、颜色、性质等方面的搭配matter , affair , busin

4、essI could do nothing to help you since the matter has gotten into such a mess.侧重麻烦或异常的事情、毛病。Before going away, he arranged his business affairs.一般为较重大的事件，也可泛指事务，要用复数。Tom is the black sheep of his family.He has almost ruined his fathers business.生意，行业，事情，事务normal , common , ordinary , usual , regula

5、rAs is known to all, snow is common in cold countries.常见的，一般的。 common sense / knowledgeAre you returning home at the usual time today? 通常，往常，一贯如此。 as usualTom Sawyer was an ordinary American boy who kept getting into trouble.普通的，平常的，平凡的。A new regular bus service to Tianjin Airport started to operate

6、 two months ago.有规律的，定期的，经常的。My life was delighted that things had returned to normal once again.正常的，智力，精神正常的。realize , recognize , knowHe didnt realize his mistake until his mother told him.认识到，意识到，实现，完成。Its hard for me to recognize his voice on the phone.认出，辨认，承认。为短暂性动词，不接时间段作状语。We have known each

7、 other for many years.知道，了解，熟悉，认识。可接时间段作状语。scene , scenery , sight , viewThe scene after the earthquake was horrible.指展现在眼前的情景，也可指scenery的一部分。含景物中的人。He had a chance to see the historical sights of London.指场景、眼前看到的景观。可指名胜、风景。用复数。Hangzhou is world-famous for its beautiful scenery.指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景

8、色。There is a fine view of the mountain from our hotel.指从远处或高处看到部分景色。separate , dividePlease separate the good apples from the bad ones.把聚合在一起的事物、东西分开，常与from 连用。Please divide the apple into two parts.把一个整体分成若干部分，常与into 连用。struggle , fightThe soldiers fought bravely in the battle.打仗，战斗，主要指肉体上的对抗。常指打架。

9、On arriving at the shore, the girl struggled up the cliff towards the light she had seen.挣扎，斗争。指肉体和精神上的搏斗。暗指在艰难处境中奋力挣扎。broad , wideShe lost her heart to the soldier with the broad shoulder and the deep voice.指某物覆盖面的范围，肩、背、胸。His reading covers a wide range of subjects.着重指边沿间相隔的距离以及广泛之意。cause , reason

10、 , excuseI dont know the cause and effect.起因，原因，指引起某种结果的必然原因。常与of 搭配。强调事实。There are many reasons for animals dying out.理由，原因，用于解释已发生事情的理由，借口。常与for连用。强调逻辑推理，理由不一定真实。I havent done the work well; my excuse is that I have been ill.指免受指责或推卸责任而找的理由、原因，即借口。常与for 连用。advantage , benefit , profitIt is to your

11、 advantage to invest wisely.好处或利益，所获之物。Young people get great benefit from reading.指各方面的受益。Their investment has brought them a lot of profit.多指金钱方面的利益、利润。bravery , courageHe showed great bravery in saving the drowing child.勇敢，指处于某种紧迫情况下大胆无畏的行动勇气。Although blinded by the explosing, he faced the future

12、 with courage.勇气，勇敢，指使人面对危险、困难、痛苦等而不感到惧怕的精神力量。character , characteristic , quality , personalityHe has a changeable character.品质，性格特色，特征，个人、集体或范畴的区别特征或属性。What characteristics distinguish the Americans from the Canadians? 指与众不同的特征。Modesty is one of his good qualites.品质，指个体的特点，尤指好的品质。His personality l

13、eft a deep impression on us.个性，指个人聚集的品质、行为、脾气、情绪和精神的性格。circumstance , surrounding , environment , occasionIn normal circumstances I would have resigned immediately.环境，情形，形势，多用复数。He didnt pay much attention to his surroundings.surrounding 只能做形容词。surroundings 为周围的事物，指一个人四周的生活环境。Children need a happy h

14、ome environment.环境，一般用单数，强调环境对人的感受，道德的影响。He seized the occasion to invited her home for dinner.时机，机会。cost , price , charge , expenseLiving costs are higher in cities than in the country.耗费，成本。包括对某事所付出的一切费用、时间、劳力。It must be done at any price.价格。指商品出售时所定的价格。还有代价。How much is the charge for this coffee?

15、 零花钱或给予服务后索要的费用。His parents decided to cut down his expenses at college.多用复数，指大量的花费、支出。如求学、旅游。energy , force , power , strengthYoung people usually have more energy than the old.指人在活动中表现出的生机勃勃的“力”。He had to use force to get the lid off the can.指为克服阻力而运用或发挥出来的“力量”。You can really feel the power of the

16、 sun here.含义最广，包括一切抽象和具体的力。He hasnt got enough strength to get out of bed.指人或物体内在的耐力、抵抗力、气力。especially , specially , particularlyThe Great Wall had been added to, rebuilt and repaired, especially during the Ming Dynasty.尤其These books are specially written for beginners.指为某一特别目的而做。He was particularly

17、 / especially interested in the stories about kings.意义相仿，常可通用。Rice grows well in their county, especially in their village.2.动作结果不同advise persuade/look for find/look see/listen hear/try manage / treat cure3.动作状态不同begin be on catch fire be on fire4.主观客观不同receive accept5.直接间接不同hear hear of know know o

18、f learn learn of6.有无ly的副词不同 无ly的副词表具体意义， 有ly的副词表抽象意义。wide widely deep deeply high highly low lowly close closely有无ly的副词，意思不同Near nearly hard hardly most mostly dear dearly late lately bad badlybuy , cost , pay , spend , takebuy:指购买。常见搭配：buy sb.sth.; buy sth.for sb./ sth.cost:指花钱、时间、劳力等。.Sth.cost sb

19、sth.pay:指花钱.常见搭配：Sb.pay money for sth.spend: 指花钱、时间等。常见搭配：Sb.spendin doing sth. / on sth.take:主要指花时间。常见结构：It takes / took sb.some time to do sth.offer , supply , provide Josie offered him 500 dollars to do the work.Our farm supplies the market with fruits and vegetables.The school provided books for the children.be known as , be known for , be known to , be known inbe known as +名词表示一个人的身份、职业等。 “作为.而著名”be known for +名词表示某人或某物的特点、特长。 “因.而著名”be known to +表示人的词语。 “为.所了解、知道”be known in + 表地点的词语。4