专题 07 情态动词和虚拟语气-学易金卷：十年（2014-2023）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）含答案.pdf

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1、专题 07 情态动词和虚拟语气2023 年2022-2021 年1【2021 年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you _drive for miles here without seeing another person,but now there are houses and people everywhere.AneedBshouldCcouldDmust2.【2021 年天津卷第二次】-I honestly dont think Im going to be admitted.-Wel1,you never know!You_ a better impression

2、 than you think.A.may have madeB.should have madeC.couldnt have madeD.neednt have made2020 年1.【2020 年新课标】I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs,and I thought it must to be easy tocook.2【2020天津】Jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.AmustBcanCneedDshould3【2020天津】You _

3、have scolded him for his poor performance.After all,he had done his best.AmustBshouldCmustntDshouldnt2019 年1.【2019 年江苏卷】What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we _a good time together.A.hadB.will haveC.would have hadD.had had2018 年专题 07 情态动词和虚拟语气-学易金卷：十年（2014-2023）高考英语真题分类汇编（全国通用）1.【2018 年北京卷】In

4、todays information age,the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.A.need B.should C.can D.must2.【2018 年北京卷】They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A.drove B.would drive C.were to drive D.had driven3.【2018 年江苏卷】Its strange that he _ have taken the books witho

5、ut the owners permission.A.would B.shouldC.could D.might4.【2018 年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved.A.had B.will haveC.would have had D.have had5.【2018 年天津卷】I cant find my purse.I_ it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.A.sh

6、ould leave B.must have leftC.might leave D.could have left6.【2018 年天津卷】If we _the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA.had caught B.caughtC.have caught D.would catch2017 年1.【2017 年北京卷】Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,_ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.must B.sh

7、ould C.can D.need2.【2017 年北京卷】If the new safety system _ to use,the accident would never have happened.A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put3.【2017 年江苏卷】_ not for the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it4.【2017

8、 年天津卷】My room is a mess,but I _ clean it before I go out tonight.I can do it in the morning.A.darentB.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt5.【2017 年天津卷】Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise,I _ able to reach her yesterday.A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be2016 年1.【2016 年新课标卷】We can ch

9、ose between staying at home and take a trip.2.【2016 年新课标卷】.Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.3.【2016 年浙江卷】Had the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.A.had not fallenB.would not fallC.did not fallD.would not ha

10、ve fallen4.【2016 年浙江卷】George _ too far.His coffee is still warm.A.must have goneB.might have goneC.cant have goneD.neednt have gone5.【2016 年天津卷】It was really annoying;I _ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.neednt6.【2016 年北京卷】I love the weekend,because I

11、_ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.neednt B.mustntC.wouldnt D.shouldnt7.【2016 年北京卷】Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week?If you _ me,I could have helped.A.told B.had toldC.were to tell D.would tell8.【2016 年江苏卷】If it _ for his invitation the other day,I should not be here now.A.ha

12、d not beenB.should not beC.were not to be D.should not have been2015 年1.【2015 年新课标卷】We must found ways to protect your environment.2.【2015 年湖南卷】Remember,however,that you should usually consult different types of sources.That is,you 51 always rely just on the Internet for your research.3.【2015 年四川卷】A

13、s I tell you last time,I made three new friend here.If you are me,would you talk to him?6.【2015 年北京卷】Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.A.may B.can C.must D.dare 6.【2015 年福建卷】Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.Oh,its too bad.You _have mad

14、e full preparations.A.mustB.canC.wouldD.should7.【2015 年陕西卷】You feel all the training a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.should B.need C.shall D.may8.【2015 年陕西卷】Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.A.dance B.will dance C.had danced D.danc

15、ed9.【2015 年四川卷】You _be careful with the camera.It costs!A.must B.may C.can D.will9.【2015 年天津卷】I _ have worried before I came to the new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.mightntB.mustntC.needntD.couldnt10.【2015 年浙江卷】It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A.couldnt B.shoul

16、dnt C.mustnt D neednt11.【2015 年重庆卷】You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.must B.can C.will D.shall2014 年1.【2014 年北京卷】_ I have a word with you?It wont take long.A.CanB.MustC.ShallD.Should2.【2014 年大纲卷（广西卷）】Although you _ find bargains in London,its not generally a cheap place

17、 to shop.A.should B.need C.must D.can 3.【2014 年重庆卷】Ive ordered some pizza,so we _ worry about cooking when we get home tired.A.cant B.dare notC.neednt D.may not4.【2014 年重庆卷】I spent two weeks in London last summer.Then you must have visited the British Museum during your stay,_ you?A.mustnt B.haventC

18、.didnt D.hadnt5.【2014 年四川卷】I still remember my happy childhood when my mother _ take me to Disneyland at weekends.A.mightB.mustC.wouldD.should6.【2014 年陕西卷】My book,The House of Hades,is missing.Who _ have taken it?A.need B.must C.should D.could 7.【2014 年江西卷】.Life is unpredictable;even the poorest _ b

19、ecome the richest.A.shall B.must C.need D.might8.【2014 年江苏卷】It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,_ bring me food.A.might B.would C.should D.could9.【2014 年湖南卷】Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean we_ bring anything with us?A.cant B.mustnt C.shant D.neednt10.【2014 年福建卷】no

20、 modern telecommunications,we would have to wait for weeks to get news from around the world.A.Were thereB.Had there beenC.If there areD.If there have been专题 07 情态动词和虚拟语气2023 年2022-2021 年1【2021 年天津卷第一次】It used to be that you _drive for miles here without seeing another person,but now there are house

21、s and people everywhere.AneedBshouldCcouldDmust【答案】C【详解】考查情态动词。句意：以前你可能在这里开了几英里，都没见过别人，但现在到处都是房子和人。A.need 需要；B.should 应该，理应如此；C.could 可能，表示对客观可能性的推测；D.must 一定，必须。根据前半句意思可知，表示的是对客观可能性的推测。故选 C。2.【2021 年天津卷第二次】-I honestly dont think Im going to be admitted.-Wel1,you never know!You_ a better impression

22、than you think.A.may have madeB.should have madeC.couldnt have madeD.neednt have made【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词用法。句意：老实说，我觉得我不会被录取。唉，谁知道呢!你给人的印象可能比你想象的要好。A.may have made 可能；B.should have made 本应该做；C.couldnt have made 不可能做；D.neednt have made 本不必做。根据句意可知，此处表示的是有可能，故选 A。2020 年1.【2020 年新课标】I like eating frying tom

23、atoes with eggs,and I thought it must to be easy to cook.2.考查非谓语动词。句意：我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋。动词 fry 与 tomatoes 之间是动宾关系，所以此处应用过去分词作定语，故将 frying 改为 fried。3.考查情态动词用法。句意：并且我认为它一定很简单。must 是情态动词，后接动词原形，to 多余，故将 to去掉。2【2020天津】Jim says we _ stay in his house as long as we leave it clean and tidy.AmustBcanCneedDshould【答

24、案】B【详解】考查情态动词。句意:吉姆说我们可以住在他的房子里，只要我们保持它干净整洁。A.must 必须；B.can 能，可以；C.need 需要；D.should 应该。根据后面的“as long as we leave it clean and tidy”可知，Jim许可我们待在他的房子里，即:我们”能，可以”待在他的房子里。故选 B。3【2020天津】You _ have scolded him for his poor performance.After all,he had done his best.AmustBshouldCmustntDshouldnt【答案】D【详解】考查情

25、态动词+have done。句意：你本不应该因为他表现不好而责骂他。毕竟，他已经尽力了。根据前后句关系可知此处表示“本不该”是 shouldnt have done 指做了本不该做的事，must have done 表示对过去发生的事情的肯定性推测；should have done 表示应当做某事而实际上未做；mustnt 不和 have done 连用。故选 D。2019 年1.【2019 年江苏卷】What a pity!You missed the sightseeing,or we _a good time together.A.hadB.will haveC.would have h

26、adD.had had31.C【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真遗憾！你错过了这次观光，否则，我们本应该在一起度过一段愉快时光的。根据上文，可知是对过去事情的虚拟，与过去事实相反的假设。其句子结构为：从句：If+主语+过去完成时+其他，主句：主语+should(would,could,might)+现在完成时+其他，故选 C。2018 年1.【2018 年北京卷】In todays information age,the loss of data _ cause serious problems for a company.A.need B.should C.can D.must【答案】C【解析】

27、考查情态动词。句意：在今天的信息时代，数据的丢失有时会对一个公司造成严重的问题。数据丢失造成严重问题是客观上会发生的情况，即“客观可能性”，故该空应用情态动词 can。C 选项正确。其余情态动词均没有该用法。need 需要；should 应该，竟然；must 必须，肯定。点睛：can 的基本用法：1.(表示能力、功能)能，会；2.(表示推测)可能，可能会；3.（表示允许，请求）可以；4.（表示客观可能性）有时会。2.【2018 年北京卷】They might have found a better hotel if they _ a few more kilometers.A.drove B.

28、would drive C.were to drive D.had driven【答案】D【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果他们多开几公里的话，他们也许会找到一个更好的旅馆。由“they might have found a better hotel”可知，该句是表示对过去的虚拟。if _ a few more kilometers 是条件句部分，表示对过去的虚拟，条件句部分要用过去完成时态，故 D 选项正确。3.【2018 年江苏卷】Its strange that he _ have taken the books without the owners permission.A.would

29、B.shouldC.could D.might【答案】B【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：真奇怪，他竟然没有主人的允许就拿走了这些书。在句型”It is important/necessary/strange/impossible/natural that.”中，其中由 that 引导的主语从句通常用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的 should 可以省略。故选 B。4.【2018 年江苏卷】There is a good social life in the village,and I wish I _ a second chance to become more involved

30、.A.had B.will haveC.would have had D.have had【答案】A【解析】考查虚拟语气。句意：在这个村里有很好的社交生活，并且我希望我再有机会去更多的参与。本题考查 wish 引导的宾语从句，表示与现在事实相反的愿望，所以从句用一般过去时。故选 A。5.【2018 年天津卷】I cant find my purse.I_ it in the supermarket yesterday,but Im not sure.A.should leave B.must have leftC.might leave D.could have left【答案】D【解析】考查

31、情态动词表推测和虚拟语气。句意：我不能找到我的钱包了，昨天我有可能把它落到超市了，但我不确定。根据句中时间状语 yesterday 可知，是对过去事情的推测，故用情态动词+have done，再根据后句 but Im not sure.可知，此推测为不能肯定的推测，故用情态动词 could，表示“可能”。故选 D。6.【2018 年天津卷】If we _the flight yesterday,we would be enjoying our holiday on the beachA.had caught B.caughtC.have caught D.would catch【答案】A【解析

32、】考查虚拟语气。句意：如果我们昨天赶上飞机的话，现在我们正在海滩享受我们的假日了。根据时间状语 yesterday 可知，从句表示与过去事实相反，故用 had+v-ed。故选 A。2017 年1.【2017 年北京卷】Samuel,the tallest boy in our class,_ easily reach the books on the top shelf.A.must B.should C.can D.need【答案】C【解析】A.must 必须；B.should 应该；C.can 能；D.need 需要。句意：Samuel，我们班最高的男生，能很轻松地够着书架顶上的书。此处需

33、要一个表示能力的词，故用 can，答案为 C。考点：考查情态动词2.【2017 年北京卷】If the new safety system _ to use,the accident would never have happened.A.had been put B.were put C.should be put D.would be put【答案】A【解析】句意：如果这个新的安全系统被投入使用过的话，这个事故就不会发生了。根据主句确定是对过去情况的虚拟，所以从句谓语用 had done 形式，此外根据句意可知是被动，用被动语态，故 A 项是正确的。3.【2017 年江苏卷】_ not f

34、or the support of the teachers,the student could not overcome her difficulty.A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it【答案】22.B【解析】考查虚拟语气的省略。虚拟语气中，be 动词统一用 were；虚拟语气的省略形式主要是把 if 省略，同时把 were/should/had 提前，即 Were/Should/Had I.，故选 B。考点：考查虚拟语气和倒装4.【2017 年天津卷】My room is a mess,but I _ clean it before I go out

35、 tonight.I can do it in the morning.A.darentB.shouldntC.needntD.mustnt【答案】C【解析】句意：我的房间很乱，但是在今晚我出去之前不需要打扫，我可以早晨打扫。A.不敢；B.不应该；C.不需要；D.禁止。根据句意，故选 C。考点：考查情态动词。5.【2017 年天津卷】Do you have Bettys phone number?Yes.Otherwise,I _ able to reach her yesterday.A.hadnt been B.wouldnt have been C.werent D.wouldnt be

36、【答案】B【解析】句意：你有贝蒂的电话号码吗？有。否则我昨天就联系不到她了。此处 otherwise(否则)相当于一个 if 引导的条件状语从句，由 yesterday 可知本句对过去进行虚拟，由此可以判断出主句用 wouldnt have done，故选 B。2016 年1.【2016 年新课标卷】We can chose between staying at home and take a trip.【答案】第二处：chosechoose 考查句中结构。情态动词后接动词原形故要把 chose 改为 choose。2.【2016 年新课标卷】.Some classmates suggest

37、we can go to places of interest nearby.【答案】8.去掉 can 或 canshould 考查虚拟语气。动词 suggest 作建议讲时，后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气，即“(should+)动词原形”,所以本句可以去掉 can 或将 can 改为 should。3.【2016 年浙江卷】Had the governments and scientists not worked together,AIDS-related deaths _ since their highest in 2005.A.had not fallenB.would not fall

38、C.did not fallD.would not have fallen【答案】D【解析】句意：如果政府和科学家不共同努力，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会从 2005 年的最高点下降。使用虚拟语气，if 条件句用的 had done，而且省略 if，将 had 提前，主句用 would have done 表示对过去情况的虚拟。故选 D。考点：考查虚拟语气。4.【2016 年浙江卷】George _ too far.His coffee is still warm.A.must have goneB.might have goneC.cant have goneD.neednt have go

39、ne【答案】C【解析】乔治不可能走得太远。他的咖啡仍然是温的。cant have done 一定不可能做了某事；must have done过去一定做了某事；might have done 过去可能做了某事；neednt have done 过去本不必做某事。故选 C。考点：考查情态动词+have done。5.【2016 年天津卷】It was really annoying;I _ get access to the data bank you had recommended.A.wouldnt B.couldnt C.shouldnt D.neednt【答案】B【解析】句意：这真是令人心

40、烦；我不能进入你推荐的数据库。wouldnt 不愿意；couldnt 不能；shouldnt不应该；neednt 不必。根据句意可知选 B。6.【2016 年北京卷】I love the weekend,because I _ get up early on Saturdays and Sundays.A.neednt B.mustntC.wouldnt D.shouldnt【答案】A【解析】题目考查情态动词。句意：我喜欢周末，因为周六和周日我不需要早起。A.neednt 不需要；B.mustnt 禁止；C.wouldnt 不愿；D.shouldnt 不应该。根据句意可知，周六、周日不用早起，

41、故选 A。7.【2016 年北京卷】Why didnt you tell me about your trouble last week?If you _ me,I could have helped.A.told B.had toldC.were to tell D.would tell【答案】B【解析】题目考查虚拟语气。句意：你上周为什么没有告诉我你遇到的麻烦？如果你告诉我的话，我就可以帮你了。根据第一句可知，这里是对过去发生的事情进行虚拟，if 条件句的时态应该用过去完成时，故选B。8.【2016 年江苏卷】If it _ for his invitation the other day

42、,I should not be here now.A.had not beenB.should not beC.were not to be D.should not have been【答案】A【解析】试题分析：考查虚拟语气。句意：如果不是因为前几天他的邀请，我现在就不会在这里了。故 A项正确。2015 年1.【2015 年新课标卷】We must found ways to protect your environment.84.foundfind 句意：我们必须找到方法来保护我们的地球。动词用法错误。情态动词 must 后接动词原形。2.【2015 年湖南卷】Remember,howe

43、ver,that you should usually consult different types of sources.That is,you 51 always rely just on the Internet for your research.51shouldnt；根据前文作者告诉我们：你应该从不同的方面找不同类型的资料。句意：那就是说，你不应该常常依赖于互联网。故填 shouldnt3.【2015 年四川卷】As I tell you last time,I made three new friend here.If you are me,would you talk to h

44、im?62.tell-told63.friend-friends68.are-were69.him-them70.去掉 with 68.arewere 考查虚拟语气。根据句子可知，此处为虚拟语气，与现在事实不相符，故把 are 改成 were。句意为：如果你是我,。69.himthem 考查代词。根据上文可知，作者交了三个朋友，故用 them 而非 him。句意为：你会和他们说吗？6.【2015 年北京卷】Cant you stay a little longer?Its getting late.I really go now.My daughter is home alone.A.may

45、B.can C.must D.dare 【答案】C【解析】句意：你不能再多待会儿吗?很晚了，我必须得走了。我女儿一个人在家。A.may 可能，可以，也许；B.can 能，会；C.must 必须，必然要，必定会；D.dare 敢，胆敢。结合句意，故选 C。6.【2015 年福建卷】Sorry,Mum!I failed the job interview again.Oh,its too bad.You _have made full preparations.A.mustB.canC.wouldD.should【答案】D.【解析】考查情态动词+have done 结构。A.must 必须 B.c

46、an 可以；C.would 将会；D.should 应该。这里是情态+have done 的结构的虚拟语气，can+have+done”表示对过去行为的怀疑，用于疑问句，译成“可能做过吗？”；could+have+done，表示对过去事情的假设，意思是本来能够做某事而没有做；must+have+done”表示对过去事情的肯定推测，译成“一定做过某事”，该结构只用于肯定句；should+have+done”意思是“本来应该做某事，而实际没做。该对话意思为：-对不起，妈妈，我面试又失败了-噢，那太糟糕了，你应该做好充分准备的。故选 D7.【2015 年陕西卷】You feel all the tr

47、aining a waste of time,but Im a hundred percent sure later youll be grateful you did it.A.should B.need C.shall D.may【答案】D【解析】句意：你可能觉得所有的训练都是浪费时间，但是我有 100%的把握你以后会感激它的。should 应该；need 需要；shall 将会；may（不确定）可能。所以选 D。8.【2015 年陕西卷】Ellen is a fantastic dancer.I wish I as well as her.A.dance B.will dance C.h

48、ad danced D.danced【答案】C【解析】试题分析：句意：Ellen 是一个很棒的舞蹈演员。但愿我能和她跳得一样好。I wish“但愿”后面接宾语从句用虚拟语气，和现在相反用一般过去时，所以选 C。9.【2015 年四川卷】You _be careful with the camera.It costs!A.must B.may C.can D.will【答案】A【解析】考查情态动词。根据下文的 it costs 可知，照相机很昂贵，故选择 A，意为你一定要非常小心对待照相机，它很昂贵。9.【2015 年天津卷】I _ have worried before I came to t

49、he new school,for my classmates here are very friendly to me.A.mightntB.mustntC.needntD.couldnt【答案】C10.【2015 年浙江卷】It was so noisy that we hear ourselves speak.A.couldnt B.shouldnt C.mustnt D neednt【答案】A【解析】句意：太吵了，以致我们不能够听到我们在说什么？A 的意思是不能，B 的意思是不应该，C 的意思是禁止，D 的意思是不需要。该题用到了一个 so+形容词+that 的句式，做题时应该正确理解

50、句意及这个句式的用法。正确理解这是表达不能还是表达其他的东西。must 只能用于肯定句，用于否定句表示禁止，这一点尤其要注意因为往往会出错。如果表示一种可能往往是 can 的形式（过去时态使用 could）11.【2015 年重庆卷】You _ be Carol.You havent changed a bit after all these years.A.must B.can C.will D.shall【答案】A 【解析】句意：你肯定是卡罗，这些年你一点也没有变化。must 表示对现在的肯定推测。2014 年1.【2014 年北京卷】_ I have a word with you?It