《第19讲 阅读理解+七选五（基础篇）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（原卷版）（测试）.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《第19讲 阅读理解+七选五（基础篇）-2024年高考英语一轮复习讲练测（新教材新高考）（原卷版）（测试）.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。
1、综合测试（基础篇）阅读理解+七选五时间 ：40分钟 满分：50分姓名_ 得分_阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 (每题2.5分，满分37.5分)阅读下列文章，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 AA Look at Four of the World-famous CollegesUniversity College London, England. United KingdomThis university was founded with the intent of opening education equally and to all. In 1878, Univers
2、ity College London began admitting women using the same admission standards men were held to. The college was the first in the United Kingdom to accept students from any class or religion.Tuition (学费) for each student comes in at $31,000. This price does include fees for housing, food, travel expens
3、es and insurance.University of Melbourne, Melbourne, AustraliaIt opened in 1853 and is known for its outstanding research and teaching programs. Research at the university in the 1970s led to a cochlear implant (人工耳蜗), giving more than 200,000 patients worldwide hearing.Parents of native students ex
4、pect to pay $24,500 for the first terms tuition and another $19,500 for room and board in residential housing.University of Cambridge, England, United KingdomRecords of the university reach back to 1209 when the area was an ancient Roman trading post, making it the second oldest university in the UK
5、. Cambridge currently has 21,000 students with around 1,300 of those coming from 65 different countries.Tuition for the bachelor programs like engineering reaches $31,000.Sarah Lawrence College, New York, United StatesIt is known for a diverse student body coming from 53 different countries. The tea
6、cher/student ratio (比例) and personalized courses of study attract students from the United States and abroad.Undergraduates carrying 30 credits will pay $51,196 for tuition. The cost to attend Sarah Lawrence may seem prohibitive to many, but a degree from this honoured college can open many doors fo
7、r graduates.1When did University College London start to admit women on equal terms with men?AIn 1209.BIn1853.CIn 1878.DIn 1887.2Which college developed a device to benefit people with hearing loss?AUniversity of Melbourne.BSarah Lawrence College.CUniversity of Cambridge.DUniversity College London.3
8、What do the last two colleges have in common?AThey just offer the bachelor programs.BThey feature the highest cost of board.CThey are located in the United Kingdom.DThey are favoured by international students.BJim found himself exhausted during a trip. When he came home, he went to see a doctor. “Th
9、e reason I was tired, ” Jim says, “was that my kidneys (肾脏)were gone. ”Jim, 69, a former Air Force pilot, immediately started dialysis(透析) three days a week. A person of his age on dialysis usually lives only about four years. Transplants are a long-shot alternative. The National Kidney Foundation e
10、stimates that 13 people die every day while waiting for a donor with the right blood and tissue types. Jims wife, nephew and four family friends offered but werent a match. Jim was so discouraged that he was even considering not attending a reunion of some Air Force buddies(铁哥们). But his wife encour
11、aged him to reunite with his old friends, among whom was one he hadnt seen in 50 years: Doug Coffman. The two had met when they both were learning Vietnamese before they went overseas. Doug, then 70, felt a strong bond with his band of brothers, even though he hadnt seen some of them in decades. The
12、ir connection went beyond the battlefield in ways most soldiers never experience. Doug had received help from his friends when he was in trouble, so he felt like it was a time that he could pay that ahead by donating a kidney to Jim. Fortunately, series of testing revealed not only that Dougs tissue
13、 type matched Jims but also that he had the kidneys of a 35-year-old. The transplant was a success. “Its pretty miraculous to be able to take an organ out of one persons bodya living organput it in another persons body, and have it work, ” Doug says. “And theres nothing finer than knowing Ive helped
14、 another person live a better life. ”4From this text we know that Kidney transplant is _.AExpensiveBdangerousCa matter of luckDan unwise choice5How old was Jim when he went overseas?AAbout 17.BAbout 19.CAbout 22.DAbout 25.6What can we infer from Dougs words in the last paragraph?ADoug is happy to do
15、nate a kidney to Jim.BJim is having a better life than Doug.CThe kidney transplant is very successful.DModern medical science is very advanced.7What is the theme of this text?AGood luck.BAn operation.CPaying it forward.DGood relationship.CWhat is life? Like most great questions, this one is easy to
16、ask but difficult to answer. The reason is simple: we know of just one type of life and its challenging to do science with a sample size of one. The field of artificial life-called ALife for short is the systematic attempt to spell out lifes fundamental principles. Many of these practitioners, so-ca
17、lled ALifers, think that somehow making life is the surest way to really understand what life is.So far no one has convincingly made artificial life. This track record makes ALife a ripe target for criticism, such as declarations of the fields doubtful scientific value. Alan Smith, a complexity scie
18、ntist, is tired of such complaints. Asking about “the point” of ALife might be, well, missing the point entirely, he says. “The existence of a living system is not about the use of anything.” Alan says. “Some people ask me, So whats the worth of artificial life? Do you ever think, What is the worth
19、of your grandmother?”As much as many ALifers hate emphasizing their researchs applications, the attempts to create artificial life could have practical payoffs. Artificial intelligence may be considered ALifes cousin in that researchers in both fields are enamored by a concept called open-ended evol
20、ution (演化). This is the capacity for a system to create essentially endless complexity, to be a sort of “novelty generator”. The only system known to exhibit this is Earths biosphere. If the field of ALife manages to reproduce lifes endless “creativity” in some virtual model, those same principles c
21、ould give rise to truly inventive machines.Compared with the developments of Al, advances in ALife are harder to recognize. One reason is that ALife is a field in which the central concept life itself is undefined. The lack of agreement among ALifers doesnt help either. The result is a diverse line
22、of projects that each advance along their unique paths. For better or worse, ALife mirrors the very subject it studies. Its muddled (混乱的) progression is a striking parallel (平行线) to the evolutionary struggles that have shaped Earth biosphere.Undefined and uncontrolled, ALife drives its followers to
23、repurpose old ideas and generated novelty. It may be, of course, that these characteristics arent in any way surprising or singular. They may apply universally to all acts of evolution. Ultimately ALife may be nothing special. But even this dismissal suggests something：perhaps, just like life itself
24、 throughout the universe, the rise of ALife will prove unavoidable.8Regarding Alan Smiths defence of ALife, the author is .AsupportiveBpuzzledCunconcernedDdoubtful9What does the word “enamored” underlined in Paragraph 3 most probably mean?AShocked.BProtected.CAttracted.DChallenged.10What can we lear
25、n from this passage?AALife holds the key to human future.BALife and AI share a common feature.CAI mirrors the developments of ALife.DAI speeds up the process of human evolution.11Which would be the best title for the passage?ALife Is Undefined. Can AI Be a Way Out?BLife Evolves. Can AI Help ALife Ev
26、olve, Too?CLife Is Undefined. Can ALife Be Defined One Day?DLife Evolves. Can Attempts to Create ALife Evolve, Too?DScientists and engineers are preparing for possible travel into interstellar (星际的) space, the area in between stars, in the distant future. A new report examines the possible problem o
27、f changes in language on long space trips. Two American researchers have explored one possible problem with such travel. They considered the possibility that changes in human language could develop overtime and lead to major communication problems with people on Earth.The language experts are profes
28、sors Andrew McKenzie from the University of Kansas, and Jeffrey Punske of Southern Illinois University. The two recently published a paper, which considers very long trips necessary to reach interstellar space, estimated to be about 18 billion kilometers from Earth. It also examines the possibility
29、of future colonization (殖民地的开拓) of distant stars.Languages naturally change as communities grow more isolated from each other, the researchers note in the paper. The long isolation of a community could lead to enough differences in language to make it impossible for community members back home to un
30、derstand. “If youre on this spaceship for 10 generations, new concepts and social issues will emerge, and people will create ways of talking about them,” McKenzie said in a statement. Such vocabulary would become specific to only that spaceship.“People on Earth might never know about these words, un
31、less theres a reason to tell them. And the further away you get, the less youre going to talk to people back home,” McKenzie said. The researchers noted that in addition to new words being used, the language of people traveling on spaceships and living in colonies would experience many other changes
32、. For example, the sounds of different letters would likely change overtime, affecting not only individual words, but the whole “grammatical system”, the paper states.Major changes in word and sentence structure could also create systematic language barriers overtime, the researchers said. “Given mo
33、re time, new grammatical forms can completely replace current ones,” McKenzie said.12What is the possible result of long space travel according to the research?AIt may bring about many language barriers.BPeople may suffer from mental problems.CIt may change peoples living environment.DPeople could c
34、ommunicate more easily on Earth.13What does the underlined word “isolation” in paragraph 3 most probably mean?AConnection.BDistribution.CLoneliness.DSeparation.14What can we infer about the language used on spaceships from paragraph 4?AIt will form its own language system.BIt will replace the curren
35、t language soon.CIt can be understood by people on Earth.DIt can be used to communicate with aliens.15Why does the author mention McKenzie in the last paragraph?ATo present the way to create new languages.BTo explain the reason for language problems.CTo stress the inevitable trend of language changi
36、ng.DTo show the importance of new grammatical systems.第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Worried about the climate? 16 . Here are some examples to get you started.Count the birds and the beesGet closer to nature by becoming a citizen scientist. You could be counting birds in your garden, butterflies, insects
37、 and flowers, or even reptiles and hedgehogs. 17 . Its a fun group activity, and your data can help scientists better understand the impact of human behaviour on natural habitats. 18 Media headlines can be alarming when it comes to the climate and nature crisis or ignoring the issues completely. Hos
38、ting a local discussion can allow space for reflection, debate, ideas and collaboration (合作) to take action on global issues at a local level.Set up a library of thingsInternet shopping has made it too easy to buy new stuff at the click of a button. 19 ? First, itll clutter (凌乱地塞满) your house，then i
39、tll clutter the planet. Setting up a library of things can encourage local people to share everything from tools to instruments, cooking gadgets to toys.Start a climate emergency centre 20 . Thats why more and more climate emergency centres are popping up in derelict (废弃地) shops on high streets and
40、in shopping centres. A climate emergency centre can be a space for events such as an exhibition on plastic waste or a workshop to learn how to make eco-cleaning products. It can also be a way to motivate more people to take action.ACooperate with your localsBBut where is it all going to end upCHost a climate and nature discussionDBut how have we consumed the thingsEThe climate and nature crisis isnt going awayFThere are lots of citizen science projects to take part inGSmall local actions with neighbors, local businesses and politicians can make a difference5学科网（北京）股份有限公司学科网（北京）股份有限公司
黑公网安备:91230400333293403D