2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷） 英语.pdf

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1、普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英 语本试卷分为第I 卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150 分。第I卷（共103分）Section ADirections:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.At theend of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations andthe questions will be spoken o

2、nly once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper;and decide which one is the best answer to thequestion you have heard.1.A.A policewoman.B.A judge.2.A.Confident.B.Puzzled.3.A.At a restaurant.C.In a bank.4.A.A disaster.B.A new roof.5.A.Catc

3、h the train.C.Get some stationery.6.A.Ask for something cheaper.C.Protect herself from being hurt.7.A.Use a computer in the lab.C.Help him revise his report.8.A.Amused.C.Shocked.C.A reporter.D.A waitress.C.Satisfied.D.Worried.B.At a car rental agency.D.In a driving school.C.A performance.D.ATV stati

4、on.B.Meet Jane.D.Clean the backyard.B.Buy the vase she really likes.D.Bargain with the shop assistant.B.Take a chemistry course.D.Get her computer repaired.B.Embarrassed.D.Sympathetic.9.A.She doesnt plan to continue studying next year.B.She has already told the man about her plan.C.She isnt planning

5、 to leave her university.D.She recently visited a different university.10.A.It spoke highly of the mayor.B.It misinterpreted the mayors speech.C.It made the mayors view clearer.D.It carried the mayors speech accurately.Section BDirections:In Section B,you will hear two short passages,and you will be

6、 asked three questionson each of the passages.The passages will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken onlyonce.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide whichone would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based

7、on the following passage.11.A.70.B.20.C.25.D.75.12.A.The houses there cant be sold.B.It is a place for work and holiday.C.The cabins and facilities are shared.D.It is run by the residents themselves.13.A.A skiing resort.B.A special community.C.A splendid mountain.D.A successful businesswoman.Questio

8、ns 14 through 16 are based on the following news.14.A.Those who often sent text messages.B.Those who suffered from heart disease.C.Those who did no physical exercise.D.Those who were unmarried.15.A.They responded more slowly than usual.B.They sent more messages.C.They typed 10 percent faster on aver

9、age.D.They edited more passages.16.A.Why chemical therapy works.B.Why marriage helps fight cancer.C.How unmarried people survive cancer.D.How cancer is detected after marriage.Section CDirections:In Section C,you will hear two longer conversations.The conversations will beread twice.After you hear e

10、ach conversation,you are required to fill in the numbered blankswith the information you have heard.Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.Travellers Survey SheetTravel purpose:for a(n)17 in LondonComments on the airport environment/facil

11、ities:Likes:18 19 walkwaysDislikes:20 shops,small trolleysBlanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.What is critical thinking in reading?Assessing the writers ideas and thinking aboutthe 21 of what the writer is saying.What is the first step in reading an academictext critically?F

12、inding out the argument and the writersmain line of 22.What may serve as the evidence?23,survey results,examples,etcWhat is the key to critical thinking?To read actively and 24II.Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections:After reading the passages below,fill in the blanks to make the passages cohere

13、ntand grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the properform of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.(A)My Stay in New YorkAfter graduation from university,I had been unable to secure a permanent job in my smalltown.So I de

14、cided to leave home for New York,(25)I might have a better chance to finda good job.(26)(earn)some money to pay the daily expenses,I started work in a localcafe as a waiter.I believe that(27)I was offered a good position,I wouldresign at once.Soon I had lived in the city for over six months but I st

15、ill did not like it.Apparently,Ihad difficulty(31)(adapt)myself to life in the city,let alone finding a job to mydelight.After nine months of frustration,I eventually decided to go back to my small town.Not until I returned(32)I realize that a quiet town life was the best for me.(B)The giant vending

16、 machine(自动售货机)is a new village shopVillagers have long been used to facing a drive when they run out of basic supplies.However,help is now nearer at hand in form of the countrys first automatic push-button shop.Nowresidents in the Derbyshire Village of Clifton can buy groceries around the clock aft

17、er the hugevending was installed outside a pub in the village this week.Peter Fox,who is(33)electrical engineer;spent two and a half years working on theproject.The machine(34)(equip)with securing cameras and alarms and looks like a minishop with a brick front,a grey roof and a display window.Mr.Fox

18、 said he hoped his invention,(35)is set to be installed in other v川ages in thearea over the coming months,will mark a return to convenience shopping for rural communities.He said:I had this idea a few years ago but I couldnt find a manufacture who could deliver whatI wanted,so I did it by(36).The re

19、sult is what amounts to huge outdoor vending machine.Yet I think the term/automatic shop is far(37)(appropriate)In recent years,the commercial pressure from supermarket chains(38)(force)villageshops across the country to close.In 2010,it was estimated that about 400 village shopsclosed,(39)(urge)the

20、 local government to give financial support to struggling shops orset-up new communities stores.Hundreds of communities have since stepped in and opened up their won volunteer-runshops,but Mr.Fox hopes his new invention will offer a solution(40)those villageswithout a local shop.Section BA.alertB.cl

21、assifyC.commitD.delicatelyE.gentleF.imposeG.labelsH.moderation1.relieveJ.signalsK.simplyGovernments dont have to 44 healthier lifestyles through laws for example,smokingbans.Rather;if given an environment created by a choice architect-one that encourages us tochoose what is best-we will do the right

22、 things.In other words,there will be designs that gentlypush customers toward making healthier choices,without removing freedom of choice.This ideacombines freedom to choose with 45 hints from choice architects,who aim to help peoplelive longer;healthier;and happier lives.The British and Swedish gov

23、ernments have introduced a so-called traffic light systemto 46 foods as healthy or unhealthy.This means that customers can see at a glance howmuch fat,sugar,and salt each product contains 47 by looking at the lights on the package.Agreen light 48 that the amounts of the three nutrients are healthy;y

24、ellow indicates that thecustomer should be 49;and red means that the food is high in at least one of the threenutrients and should be eaten in 50.The customer is given important health information,butis still free to decide what to choose.Section ADirections:For each blank in the following passage t

25、here are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussionof the cultural or political problems of the day,not heated debates about films weve justwat

26、ched or books weve just finished reading,but plain and simple 51.Language is our greatest treasure as a species,and what do we 52 do with it?Wegossip.About others behaviour and private lives,such as whos doing what with whom,whosin and whos out-and why;how to deal with difficult 53 situations involv

27、ing children,lovers,and colleagues.Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the 58 of the higher primates(灵长类动物)like monkeys.By means of grooming-cleaning the fur by brushing it,monkeys form groupswith other individuals on whom they can rely for support in the event of some kind of conflictwi

28、thin the group or 59 from outside it.51.A.claimB.descriptionC.gossipD.language52.A.occasionallyB.habituallyC.independentlyD.originally53.A.socialB.politicalC.historicalD.cultural54.A.admirersB.mastersC.usersD.wasters55.A.vitalB.sensitiveC.idealD.difficult56.A.confirmsB.rejectsC.outlinesD.broadens57.

29、A.for instanceB.in additionC.on the contraryD.as a result58.A.motivationB.appearanceC.emotionD.behaviour59.A.attackB.contactC.inspectionD.assistance60.A.recallsB.deniesC.concludesD.confesses61.A.prospectB.responsibilityC.leadershipD.protection62.A.measureB.showC.maintainD.ease63.A.savedB.extendedC.c

30、onsumedD.gained64.A.commonB.efficientC.scientificD.Thoughtful65.A.indirectB.dailyC.physicalD.secretSection BDirections:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B,C and D.Choose theone that

31、 fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Most people agree that honesty is a good thing.But does Mother Natureagree?Animals cant talk,but can they lie in other ways?Can they lie with theirchiatpanzefbodies and behavior?Animal experts may not call it lying,bu

32、t they do agree that many animals,from birds to chimpanzees,behave dishonestly to fool other animals.Why?Dishonesty o代enhelps them survive.Another kind of bird,the scrub jay,buries its food so it always has something to eat.Scrubjays are also thieves.They watch where others bury their food and steal

33、 it.But clever scrub jaysseem to know when a thief is watching them.So they go back later;unbury the food,and bury itagain somewhere else.Birds called cuckoos have found a way to have babies without doing much work.How?Theydon*t make nests.Instead,they get into other birds nests secretly.Then they l

34、ay their eggs andfly away.When the baby birds come out,their adoptive parents feed them.Chimpanzees,or chimps,can also be sneaky.After a fight,the losing chimp will give its handto the other.When the winning chimp puts out its hand,too,the chimps are friendly again.Butan animal expert once saw a los

35、ing chimp take the winners hand and start fighting again.Chimps are sneaky in other ways,too.When chimps find food that they love,such asbananas,it is natural for them to cry out.Then other chimps come running.But some cleverchimps learn to cry very softly when they find food.That way,other chimps d

36、ont hearthem,and they dont need to share their food.As children,many of us learn the saying You cant fool Mother Nature.But maybe youcant trust her,either.66.A plover protects its young from a predator by.A.getting closer to its youngB.driving away the adult predatorC.leaving its young in another ne

37、stD.pretending to be injured67.By Chimpanzees,or chimps,can also be sneaky(paragraph 5),the author me a n s.A.chimps are ready to attack othersC.chimps are jealous of the winnersD.chimps can be selfish too68.Which of the following is true according to the passage?A.Some chimps lower their cry to kee

38、p food away from others.B.The losing chimp won the fight by taking the winners hand.C.Cuckoos fool their adoptive parents by making no nests.D.Some clever scrub jays often steal their food back.69.Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A.Do animals lie?B.Does Mother Nature foo

39、l animals?C.How do animals learn to lie?D.How does honesty help animals survive?(B)判G亡 N EW YEARSRESOLUTION THAT LASTSLets say you want to hit the gym more regularly this year.How do you make that happen?Consider putting the habit loop to use.Heres how it works:A habit is a 3-step process.First,ther

40、es a cue,something that tells your brain to operateautomatically.Then theres a routine.And finally,a reward,which helps your brain learn to desirethe behavior.It*s what you can use to create-or break-habits of your own.Heres how to apply it:Choose a cue,like leaving your running shoes by the door,th

41、en pick.a reward-say,a piece ofchocolate when you get home from the gym.That way,the cue and the reward becomeinterconnected.Finally,when you see the shoes,your brain will start longing for the reward,which will make it easier to work out day after day.The best part?In a couple of weeks,youwont need

42、 the chocolate at all.Your brain will come to see the workout itself as the reward.Which is the whole point,right?THE HABIT LOOP(yfp尊m u JWhat wH!remindyou to go to the gym?|Set your alnnn|(M I hour earlier Chosg,HmwTd】What/not/wjfes r(y Online d u ttin Qfor 加 botfrJ(AchayAerof HarrPotUr J/.心。Find M

43、 I cxcrviwrl一芹,羽X d M M c d A L L.f(beteto make good o.year New Year、raetvtBon.One M eMitjvh.Bui tbc V M re ewes y gIcU H11Ttbe taster you*11find one tluit wortouAm I cagifor thisrewardCarry Out the RoutineYbur cue remindsyou of four routine.HXJF rewordmodwtesyou.do it IWrUekowB y”丁 口 反I O o you act

44、ually).I tocraitiM II apewerM I-I Bcwlmbei.JCiteThis year,when I see/MHWin order toshow that theto icDpkmcnt a _New Year*resolution into write it down.Post this plan whereyou wiU see iLTry it for a week.Thank us later.7O.Which of the following best fits in the box with a?in THE HABIT LOOP?A.Pick a n

45、ew cue.B.Form a new habit.C.Choose a new reward.D.Design a new resolution.71.According to THE HABIT LOOP,you can stick to your plan most effectively byA.changing the routine B.trying it for a weekC.adjusting your goal D.writing it down72.Whats the purpose of putting the habit loop to use?A.To test o

46、ut different kinds of cues.B.To do something as a habit even without rewards.C.To work out the best New Years resolution.D.To motivate yourself with satisfactory rewards.73.“This year when I see the Harry Potter poster;I will read 30 pages of an English novel oranEnglish newspaper in order to watch

47、TV for half an hour.What is the cue in this resolution?A.The Harry Potter poster.B.Reading 30 pages of an English novel.C.An English newspaper.D.Watching TV for half an hour.(C)If you could be anybody in the world,who would it be?Your neighbour or a super star?Afew people have experienced what it mi

48、ght be like to step into the skin of another person,thanksto an unusual virtual reality(虚拟现实)device.Rikke Wahl,an actress,model and artist,was oneof the participants in a body swapping experiment at the Be Another lab,a project developed bya group of artists based in Barcelona.She swapped with her p

49、artner;an actor;using a machinecalled The Machine to Be Another and temporarily became a man,As I looked down,I saw mywhole body as a man,dressed in my partners pants,she said.Thats the picture I rememberbest.The set-up is relatively simple.Both users wear a virtual reality headset with a camera ont

50、he top.The video from each camera is sent to the other person,so what you see is the exactview of your partner.If she moves her arm,you see it.If you move your arm,she sees it.To get used to seeing another persons body without actually having control of it,participantsstart by raising their arms and