期末Units1-10单元知识点总结 人教版八年级英语下册.docx

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1、Unit 1 Whats the matter?一、 词形变化1. stomach 名词 胃；腹部stomachache 名词 胃痛2. lie 躺 lielaylain lying; 说谎 lieliedlied3. hurt 动词 （使）疼痛；受伤 hurthurthurt 4. hit 动词 击；打 hithithit 5. 反身代词(oneself)：myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己 himself 他自己herself 她自己themselves 他们自己 yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己enjoy oneself 玩得开心 hurt onese

2、lf 伤害自己 by oneself 独自6. climb 动词 登；爬climber 名词 登山者7. knife 名词 小刀复数：knives 8. mean 动词 意思是；打算 meanmeantmeant9. important 形容词 重要的importance 名词 重要性 10. decide 动词 决定decision 名词 11. die 动词 死death 名词 死亡dead形容词 死亡的 diedieddied dying 二、 短语归纳1. lie down 躺下 to ones (my/his/her.) surprise 令某人惊讶的是2. take ones (m

3、y/your/his/her.) temperature 量体温3. take a break = take breaks 休息 take a risk = take risks冒险4. run out 物做主语：The money ran out. 钱用光了。 run out of 人做主语：I ran out of money. 我用光了钱。5. make a decision = make decisions 做决定6. be in control of 掌管 He is in control of the company. 他掌管公司。7. the spirit of the meet

4、ing 会议精神 give up doing sth 放弃做.8. right away = at once = right now 立刻；马上9. fall down 摔倒 fallfellfallen 10. have problems/difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth 做某事有困难11. be interested in doing sth 对.感兴趣12. the importance of . .的重要性 of 前用名词13. expect to do sth期望做. spend .doing花费（时间、金钱）做14. be used to doin

5、g sth 习惯于做某事15. 询问怎么了？常见表达方式有：Whats the matter (with you)?Whats wrong Whats the trouble ?16. too much+不可数名；too many+可数名词复；much too+adj./adv.17. mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意为做某事18. see的用法 1）see sb. doing sth. 看到某人正在做某事2）see sb. do sth. 看到某人做某事的全过程 3）类似于see用法的动词有：watch、hear、notice、find19. 常

6、用的感官动词有：系动词+adj. look 看起来 feel 摸起来smell 闻起来 taste 尝起来 sound 听起来20.表示患病或身体某部位不舒服： have a cold 感冒； have a toothache 牙疼； have a fever 发烧；have a headache头疼 have a cough 咳嗽 have a sore throat 喉咙酸痛have a stomachache 胃痛 have a sore back 背疼三、作文健康的生活习惯对于成长中的我们是非常重要的。你认为健康的生活习惯应当是怎样的呢？请根据下面的信息提示，写一篇短文。信息提示：健康

7、饮食；早睡早起，不熬夜；参加运动，强身健体。熬夜 stay up；增进，加强 build up具体要求： 1.描述要有条理，把握要点，适当发挥；2.书写工整，卷面整洁；3.80词左右。必背范文：I think healthy habits are very important for us. All of us want to be healthy. First, we should get enough sleep during the night. We can go to bed early and get up early. Staying up late is bad for our

8、 health. Second, we must eat healthy food. We should eat more fruit and vegetables and less meat. We should drink a lot of water. We should have healthy eating habits. Third, we should do more exercise to build up our bodies. Finally, we should wash hands before meals and brush our teeth twice a day

9、.If we have healthy habits, we will live a healthy life.译文：我认为健康的习惯对我们很重要。我们都想要健康。首先，我们应该在晚上得到足够的睡眠。我们可以早睡早起。熬夜对我们的健康有害。第二，我们必须吃健康的食物。我们应该多吃水果和蔬菜，少吃肉。我们应该喝很多水。我们应该有健康的饮食习惯。第三，我们应该做更多的运动来强健我们的身体。最后，我们应该饭前洗手，每天刷两次牙。如果我们有健康的习惯，我们将过健康的生活。Unit 2 Ill help to clean up the city parks一、 词形变化1. lonely 形容词：孤独的

10、alone 副词：独自；单独2. break 动词：打破broken 形容词：破损的3. carry 动词：拿；提；扛carriedcarrying 4. train 动词：训练training 名词：训练5. excited 形容词：激动的exciting 令人激动的6. kind 形容词：仁慈的；善良的kindness 名词：善良7. feel 动词：感觉feeling 名词feelings二、短语归纳1.clean up 打扫（或清除）干净 give out 分发；散发hand out 分发e up with a plan 想出一个计划 care for 照顾 look after ta

11、ke care of 3.put off doing sth 推迟做某事 try out (for).参加选拔；试用4.call up 给打电话；征召 fix up 修理；装饰 cheer up 振奋起来5.give away 赠送；捐赠 take after（外貌或行为）像6.set up 设立；建起 make a difference to （to 是介词）影响；有作用7. be busy with doing sth忙于做. raise money（for） 为筹款8. live alone 独自居住 feel lonely 感到孤独9. volunteer to do sth 自愿做某

12、事 would like to do sth 想要做某事10. ask sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事 invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事11. hope to do sth 希望做某事 want to do sth 想要做某事12.such与so的用法1）such+a/an+形容词+可数名词单数2）such+形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词3）so+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数三、作文为了营造和谐的社会环境，引导中学生学会关爱他人，某英文网站正在举行以“Let s be volunteers!”为题的征文活动。请你结合下面的内容提示,写一篇英语短文给该

13、网站投稿。内容提示：1.你对志愿活动的看法；2.介绍你自己的性格和爱好，想参加哪项志愿活动；3.号召大家立即行动,参与志愿活动。具体要求：1.不得在文中出现学校真实的名称和学生的真实姓名；2.词数80左右Lets be volunteers!I think volunteering is great. Its a good way to help others around us and we can learn many things from it.I plan to spend more time volunteering in the coming year. Im outgoing

14、and I like singing, so I want to visit the old peoples home to sing songs to the old. I am also good with children. I would like to cheer up the sick kids in the hospital.If all of us try our best to take part in volunteering, the world will be much better and we will feel much happier. Lets start r

15、ight away!译文： 让我们做志愿者吧!我认为志愿服务很棒。这是帮助我们周围人的一个很好的方式，我们可以从中学到很多东西。我计划在来年花更多的时间做志愿者。我很外向，我喜欢唱歌，所以我想去敬老院给老人唱歌。我也很擅长和孩子相处。我想让医院里生病的孩子们振作起来。如果我们都尽我们最大的努力参加志愿服务，世界将会更好，我们会感到更快乐。让我们马上开始吧! Unit 3 Could you please clean your room?一、 词形变化1. sweep 动词：打扫 sweep-swept-swept2. throw 动词：扔 throw-threw-thrown 3. stres

16、s. n.精神压力stress. v.强调stressed. adj.人感到有压力的stressful. adj.令人感到有压力的，紧张的4. depend. v.依靠，信赖dependent. adj.依靠的independent. adj.独立的，独立自主的independently. adv.独立地independence. n.独立5. develop. v.发展，壮大development. n.发展developing. adj.发展中的developed. adj.发达的6. fairness. n.公正性，合理性fair. adj.合理的，公平的fairly. adv.公平地，

17、合理地unfair. adj.不公平的，不公正的unfairly. adv不公正地unfairness. n.不公，不合理性7. ill. adj.生病的illness. n.生病 drop dropped dropping二、 短语归纳 1. in a mess 一团糟 make a mess 搞得一团糟2. take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 sweep the floor 扫地3. in a mess 一团糟 make a mess 搞得一团糟4. all the time 一直；总是 as soon as 一.就5. pass sb sth = pass sth to s

18、b 递给某人某物6. borrow sth from sb 向某人借某物 7. lend sb sth=lend sth to sb 借给某人某物8. hate to do sth 或 hate doing sth 厌恶做某事9. do chores = do housework 做家务 a waste of time 浪费时间10. in order to do sth 为了做某事 11. provide sb with sb = provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物12. depend on 依靠；依赖；取决于 make ones bed 整理床铺13. develop o

19、nes independence 培养独立性 14. drop out of school 辍学；退学 neither of. 两者都不15. in surprise 吃惊地 hang out with sb 某人一起闲逛 16. do ones part in doing sth 尽某人的职责做某事17. as a result 因此；所以（后面逗号，再加句子）18. There is no need (for sb) to do sth 对某人来说做某事没有必要19. a few/few/many/some/a lot of+可数名词复数20. a little/little/much/s

20、ome/a lot of+ 不可数名词21. It takes/(took) sb. some time to do sth. 做某事花费某人多少时间22. make/let sb do sth 让某人做某事 help sb (to) do sth 帮助某人做.写作要求:假设你是李华，某英文报刊正在就Should Teenagers Help Their Parents with Housework？开展征文活动。请你根据自己的体会，写一篇短文向该报社投稿。写作要点：1.Whats your opinion about it?2.Why should teenagers help their

21、parents with housework?3.What are the advantages (好处）of doing housework?必背范文：Dear Sir or Madam,I think that teenagers like me should help our parents with housework.First, doing housework makes us independent. We cant depend on our parents all the time. So we should learn how to take care of ourselv

22、es now. Second, doing housework is a kind of physical exercise. It helps us stay healthy and strong. Third, since we live in a house with our parents, its fair for us to work together and make the house clean and comfortable.All in all, doing housework helps us to learn life skills and understand th

23、e idea of fairness. So I think teenagers should learn to enjoy doing it with our parents.Yours,Li hua尊敬的先生/女士:我认为像我这样的青少年应该帮助父母做家务。首先，做家务使我们独立。我们不能总是依靠父母。所以我们现在应该学会如何照顾自己。第二，做家务是一种体育锻炼。它帮助我们保持健康和强壮。第三，因为我们和父母住在一个房子里，所以我们一起工作，使房子干净舒适是公平的。总而言之，做家务有助于我们学习生活技能和理解公平的概念。所以我认为青少年应该学会享受和父母一起做的事情。你的,李华Unit 4

24、 Why dont talk to your parents?一、 词形变化1. communicate 动词：交流communication 名词2. argue 动词：争吵argument 名词3. cloud 名词：云cloudy 形容词：多云的 4. nervous. adj. 焦虑的，担忧的nervously. adv.焦虑地5. proper. adj.正确的，恰当的properly. adv正确地，恰当地improper.adj.不恰当的，不合理的6. explain. v.解释，说明explanation. n.解释，说明7. clearly. adv.清楚地，清晰地，明白地c

25、lear. adj清楚的，清晰的8. competition. n比赛，竞争 competitor. n竞争者compete. v比赛，竞争competitive. adj有竞争力的9. usual. adj.通常的usually. adv.通常地unusual. adj.不寻常的10. develop 动词：培养；发展development 名词：发展developing 形容词：发展中的developed 形容词：发达的二、 短语归纳1. allow sb to do sth 允许某人做某事 allow doing sth 允许做某事2. look through 浏览；查看 family

26、 members 家庭成员3. work out the problem 解决问题 work out (well)进展顺利4. get on well with sb = get along well with sb 和某人友好相处 5. communicate with sb 和某人交流 argue with sb 和某人争吵6. instead of doing sth 代替做某事 be nervous about (介词) 7. offer to do sth 主动做某事 explain sth to sb向某人解释 8. offer sb sth = offer sth to sb（主

27、动）提供给某人某物9. compete with sb 和某人竞争 in ones opinion 在某人看来10. compare.with. 把. 和.比较 compare.to. 把. 比作.11. continue to do sth 或continue doing sth 继续做某事12. be crazy about (介词）对.痴迷 the development of. .的发展13. get into a fight with sb 和某人吵架 be angry with sb 生某人的气14. worry about sth=be worried about sth 担心某

28、事15. refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事写作要求:在学习和生活中,每个人都会有苦恼的事。假设你叫Mandy，你的好朋友Nancy遇到了一些烦恼的事。请根据下面的提示,给她写一封80词左右的邮件，并提出自己的建议。信息提示：shy;dont have many friends at school;math is difficult;often get poor grades;difficult to talk to her parents必背范文：Dear Nancy,Im sorry that you have so many problems. Here is my advic

29、e for you.First, you say that you dont have many friends at school. I think you should join some clubs and make new friends there. Second, you find math is difficult and often get poor grades in exams. You should ask the teacher or your classmates for help and do more exercises. Then youll be good a

30、t it. Finally, you think its not easy to talk with your parents. Why not open your heart to them and tell them how you feel? Im sure theyll understand you.I hope you will feel happy again.Yours, Mandy译文：亲爱的南希,听说你有这么多问题，我很难过。这是我给你的建议。首先，你说你在学校没有很多朋友。我认为你应该参加一些俱乐部，在那里结交新朋友。其次，你发现数学很难，经常在考试中取得很差的成绩。你应该

31、向老师或同学寻求帮助，多做练习。然后你就会做得很好。最后，你认为和父母交谈不容易。为什么不向他们敞开心扉，告诉他们你的感受呢? 我相信他们会理解你的。我希望你能再次感到快乐。 你的， 曼迪 Unit 5 What were you doing when the rainstorm came?一、 词形变化1. begin 动词：开始 beginbeganbegun beginning 名词2. heavily. adv.大量地，在很大程度上heavy. adj.重的，大量的3. suddenly. adv.突然，忽然sudden. adj.突然的，忽然的4. wood 名词：木头 不可数woo

32、ds 名词：树林5. strange. adj.奇怪的strangely. adv.奇怪地stranger. n.陌生人6. wind. n. 风windy. adj.有风的 report. n/v.报到reporter. n.记者7. sleep. n/v. 睡觉sleepy.adj.困倦的asleep. adj.睡着的8. complete. v.完成complete. adj.完成的completely. adv.完全地9. shock. n/v.震惊shocking. adj.令人惊讶的shocked. adj.震惊的10. silence. n.沉默，无声silent. adj.安静

33、的silently. adv.安静地11. true. adj.真实的truth. n.事实truly. adv.事实上二、 短语归纳1. rain heavily 下大雨 pick up 接电话；捡起；接送2. at first 起初；首先 fall asleep 睡着 fall - fell - fallen 3. make ones way 地点 前往 make ones way to do sth 努力做4. in silence 沉默；无声 keep silent 保持安静 die down 逐渐变弱5. at the time of.当.的时候 at that time 在那个时候

34、6. look for 寻找 wake up 醒来 in the area 在那个地区7. for example 例如 break. . apart 使分离 8. have a look 看一看 take down 拆除;摧毁；记录9. start/ begin to do sth start/begin doing sth 开始做某事10. go off (闹钟)发出响声、开火、停止运行、离开 写作要求:假设上周日你参加了你家所在街区组织的Yard Sale活动。请给你们学校校刊上的English Club栏目写一篇关于此次活动的介绍。要点如下：1.有200 多人参加了此次活动；2.有的人

35、在出售旧物，如衣服、玩具、自行车等；3.有的人在出售自制的蛋糕、卡片等；写作注意：1.词数6080词;2.不要逐条翻译。必背范文：It was sunny last Sunday. We went to the Yard Sale at our neighborhood. There were more than 200 people at the Yard Sale. Some were selling their used bikes and clothes. Some were selling cakes and cards made by themselves. I enjoyed m

36、yself very much and I got my favorite books there.In my opinion, it is a very good activity. We can make full use of old things, and we can do something good for our environment as well.What a happy day I had!译文：上星期天天气晴朗。我们去了附近的庭院大甩卖。有200多人参加了庭院拍卖。一些人在卖旧自行车和旧衣服。一些人在卖自己做的蛋糕和卡片。我玩得很开心，我在那里买了我最喜欢的书。在我看

37、来，这是一个很好的活动。我们可以充分利用旧的东西，我们也可以为我们的环境做点好事。我度过了多么快乐的一天啊!Unit 6 An old man tried to move the mountains一、 词形变化1. shoot 动词：射击；发射 shootshotshot 2. hid 动词：隐藏 hidehidhid3. weak. adj.虚弱的weakness. n.虚弱weakly. adv.虚弱地4. object.n.物体，物品object. v.拒绝objective. adj.客观的5. magic. adj.有魔力的magician. n.魔术师6. marry. v.结婚

38、marriage. n.婚姻married. adj.已婚的7. gold. n.黄金golden. adj.金色的 8. brave. adj.勇敢的bravely. adv.勇敢地9. excite v.使兴奋exciting adj. 令人兴奋地excited adj. 兴奋的10. lead 动词：带路；领路 leadledled 二、 短语归纳1. remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事 remind sb of sth 使某人想起2. a little bit silly 有一点愚蠢 turn.into 把.变成3. once upon a time 从前 fall

39、 in love with sb 爱上某人4. a couple of 两个；几个 (后面可数名词复数)5. marry sb 嫁给某人；娶某人；和某人结婚 = get married to sb6. the whole family 整个家庭 be able to do sth 能够做某事7. lead to 导致.结果；通向.地方 lead sb to 地点 引领某人到8. in the moonlight 在月光下 work on doing sth 致力于做某事9. finish doing sth 完成做某事 send sb to do sth 送某人去某地10. seem to d

40、o sth 似乎要做某事 seem 形容词 11. on the ground 在地上 be lost = get lost 迷路12. keep healthy = keep fit 保持健康 in a low voice 低声的13. be made of 由制作( 看出原材料)14. be made from 由.制作（看不出原材料）15. be weak in 在.方面弱，不擅长于 be good at =do well in 擅长于16. smile at sb 对某人笑 laugh at sb 嘲笑某人 写作要求:假如今天英语口语课的主题是“My favorite Story”,

41、请你根据下面的提示，写一篇短文讲述你最喜欢的故事。要点提示：Whats your favorite story? Whats it about? What can you learn from it? 要求：1. 意义连贯，语言通顺。2. 70词左右参考范文：My favorite storyMy favorite story is The Fox and the Crow. The fox wanted to get the meat in the crows mouth. So he said a lot of beautiful words to the crow. The crow w

42、as so happy that he opened his mouth, the meat fell onto the ground and the fox got it. I think the story is interesting and meaningful. It reminds me that we should never believe the person who wants to cheat us.译文： 我最喜欢的故事是狐狸和乌鸦。狐狸想把肉塞进乌鸦嘴里。于是他对乌鸦说了许多动听的话。乌鸦很高兴，他张开嘴，肉掉在地上，狐狸得到了它。我认为这个故事很有趣，也很有意义。它

43、提醒了我，我们永远不应该相信想欺骗我们的人。Unit 7 Whats the highest mountain in the world?一、 词形变化1. deep. adj.深的depth. n.深度deeply. adv.深深地2. tour. n/v.旅行，旅游tourist.n.游客，观光者3. amaze. v.使.惊喜amazing. adj.令人惊讶的amazed. adj.人感到惊讶的amazement. n.惊喜，惊讶4. protect. v.保护protection. n. wide. adj.宽的widely. adv.广泛地5. achieve. v.实现，取得ac

44、hievement. n.成就，成绩6. freeze. v.使.冻住freezing. adj.极冷的，冰冻的7. succeed.v.成功success. n.成功successful. adj.成功的successfully. adv.成功地8. nature. n.大自然natural. adj. 自然的 9. endanger. v.使.濒临灭绝endangered. adj.濒危的10. keep. v.保管，饲养keeper. n.饲养员11. Asia. n.亚洲Asian. n/adj.亚洲的，亚洲人的12. excite v. 使激动exciting adj.令人激动的 e

45、xcited adj. 激动的 excitement n. 激动；兴奋 13. government. n.政府govern. v.统治 14. wake. v.使醒来awake. adj.醒着的二、 短语归纳1. two square meters 两平方米 the population of .的人口数2. feel free to do sth （可以）随便做某事 3. protect sb/sth from(或against) .保护某人、某物使其不受.4. as far as I know 据我所知 take in air 吸入空气5. in the face of difficulties (of 介词) 面对困难6. force sb to do sth 强迫某人做某事 even though = even if 即使7. at birth 出生