高考短语资料——40个高考英语必备动词及词组讲解.pdf

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1、1 40 个高考英语必备动词及词组讲解建议和考试说明词汇一起印发给学生1.agree vi.同意；持相同意见I cannot agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。sb agree with sb 同意某人的话，意见sth agree with sb 某物，某事适应某人sth agree with sth 与-一致The climate here doesn t agree with me.我不适应这里的气候。agree to sb 建议agree on sth 在某一点上取得一致意见agree to do sth 同意干某事2.break

2、vt.打破；损坏；破坏；n.休息He has broken the world record again.We should all take a little break before dessert.吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。break down 机器坏了=go wrong 身体垮了/终止谈话I had never seen a grown man break down and cry.我从未曾看到过一个这么强壮的汉子痛哭。break in 闯入，插话break off 忽然停止讲话/断绝，结束/暂停工作，休息break out(战争等)爆发；逃出(无被动式)The war br

3、oke out in 1937.这场战争1937 年爆发的。break through 打破包围break up 驱散，学校的放学The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。break into pieces 打烂成碎片break away from 脱离，逃说，与断绝来往/改变某种习惯3.bring vt.拿来；带来；取来Ill bring some of my pictures into the gallery.我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。bring about=cause，result in，lea

4、d to 使产生，引起bring down 使倒下，使下降bring forward 提出建议=put forward 提前bring in=get in the pops 带来/收入bring back to ones mind 使回想起bring up sb抚养某人（被动：sb.be brought up）bring up sth 提出bring up 呕吐bring to an end 结束=come to an end 4.call vt.叫喊；打电话给Ill call the roll before class.课前我要点名。call on sb 拜访call on sb to do

5、 sth号召call at 访问(某人的家)；(火车、船)停靠call for 需要This work calls for skills.这工作需要技巧。Theres a phone calling for you，Mr.Bennett.Bennett 先生，有你的电话。call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事call off 取消(计划，比赛)call out(call out+to sb.)大声地叫call sb up 打电话call in 请进来Well have our lesson.Please call them in.上课了，请他们进来。2 5.carry vt.携带；运载；

6、传送He is carrying a big box on his shoulder.他扛着一个大箱子。carry out 进行到底，贯彻执行Tomorrow,Sandra will carry out the garbage.明天珊多拉将会收拾垃圾的。carry out 与成就、完成的惯用语，但在此句，一看便知并非这种意思。可把它想象做从厨房把garbage 运到外面去。carry on 进行下去，坚持下去Another generation carries on the Stewart name.这是承继Stewart家族香火的新一代。carry away 拿走，入迷，被.吸引carry

7、forward 推进，发扬(精神)carry off 抢走，夺走/获得奖品carry through 进行到底，完成计划carry sb through 使.渡过难关6.catch vt.捉；抓住vi.接住We didnt catch anything.我们什么也没有钓着。catch up with 赶上某人，补上工作He shut himself away for a month to catch up with his academic work.他与世隔绝一个月，力图把功课赶上去。catch on 勾住，绊倒be caught in the rain 被雨淋7.clear a.清澈 晰的

8、 vt.清除clear up(天气)转晴，澄清事实，整理收拾It is said it will clear up tonight.天气预报说今晚雨就会停。clear away 清除掉，去掉，消散clear off 消除(积雪)等障碍，把.拆掉，擦掉。e vi.到来；变得；到达May I come in?我能进来吗？come across 偶然发现，偶然遇到come on 快点(口)，开始，到来，举行，走吧，一起去Oh,come on now.噢 别这样了。come at 向.扑过来，向.袭击A wolf came at me.一匹狼向我扑来。come down 倒下，(温度，价格)下降，病倒

9、come forward 涌现，主动地响应要求做某事come in 进来，上市And have you had an engineer come in to do an inspection?你们可叫一个工程师来做过检查吗come from 来自于I come from Japan.我来自日本。come out 出来，出发，结果Did Mitchell Johnsons review come out yet?Mitchell Johnson的评论出来了没有?come to 苏醒，总共，达到，得到谅解When will he come to see you?他什么时候来看你？come up 种

10、子生长发育，被提出Ill come up with something.我会想出个办法的。come to ones rescuers 帮助come true 实现a dream has come true.一个梦想实现了。9.cut v.割，切，削减，切断They cut patches 剪下布块cut sth in half 把.砍成两半cut away 切除He cut away a dead branch.3 他砍掉一根枯干的树枝。cut through 走近路，剌穿cut down 砍倒，减少，压缩(开支)cut off 切断(关系，来往)，中止(电话，思维)He was cut of

11、f from his fellows.他和同伴失去联系。cut out 删掉/改掉(恶习)，停止in a short cut 诀窍10.do v.aux.助动词(无词意)What do you call this in English?这个用英语怎么说？do with 处置What are you going to do with the books?你打算拿这些书怎么办？do up ones hair 盘起长发do up sth 包/捆起来do away with=get rid of 废除，去掉，取消11.die vi.死亡；枯死；熄灭I will die before I eat tha

12、t carrot.如果要我吃胡萝卜，我宁愿去死。dir from 因饥渴，战争，被污染的意外死亡die off 因年老，疾病而死亡die away 声音变弱，渐渐消失/停息，消失die down 慢慢地熄灭(风，火)die out 熄灭，变弱，消失，灭绝(动物)12.fall vi.落下；跌倒；陷落fall to 坠下，掉下fall asleep 入睡fall ill 病了Be careful not to fall ill 注意不要生病了。fall across 遇见(偶然)fall back 后退，后撤fall behind 落后，跟不上fall in 集合/陷入The necessary

13、 outcome of a war is a fall in production.战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。fall into 陷入+名词A fall into a pit,a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。fall off 减少，从.摔下来He fell off a bench.他从长凳上掉下来了。fall on 看到，落在.上面fall short of 缺乏fall out of 放弃13.get vi.变得，成为；到达When do you get up every day?你几点起床？get across 穿过，讲清楚使人了解，领会The childre

14、n began to get across at each other.孩子们开始争吵了。get away 逃掉，离开，摆脱I hope to get away early in the morning.我希望一早就动身离开。get down to sth/doing sth 开始（做）某事Its time to get down to business now.是进入正题的时候啦。get along with sth 进展得get along with sb 相处get in 进去，进站，收进来，收帐Lets get in our lines.请排好位置。get off 离开，下车You c

15、an take the bus and get off at the second stop.你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。get on a bus 上车Dont get on my nerves!不要搅得我心烦。get out 拔出，传开I need to get out more.我需要多出门去。get over(不接 from)克服(困难)，恢复过来，4 hell get over it.过一下就会好的。get around=spread 传开get through 完成，通过，用完，从人群中通过，接通电话It took us only a few minutes to get throug

16、h the Customs.我们的海关检查只花了几分钟。get to 到达，抓住问题的要害，本质Excuse me,how can I get to the bus station?对不起，汽车站怎么走？get together 聚会，联欢Lets get together one of these days.找一天聚聚。get in a word 策划get into trouble 陷入get rid off 摆脱，去掉14.give vt.给出，赋予，发生If you have more,please give me some.如果你有多的，请给我。give away 分发，赠送，颁发，

17、背叛，出卖，暴露give in(to sb)屈服give off 放出(气体，光)Those flowers look pretty but dont give off a nice smell.这些花看似漂亮，但是气味并不好。give out 使人筋疲力尽Some restaurants give out an odor that reaches to the street.一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街上。give up 放弃，停止做某事He is determined to give up smoking 他决心戒烟。give over 让位于=give way to被取代give rise

18、 to 引起，导致15.go vi.离开；移动；运行I have to go now.我必须走了。go bad 变坏；变酸；腐败go red 变红go hungry 挨饿go wrong 出错；发生故障go about 随便走/进行Could you please inform me how to go about contacting a lawyer?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师？go after 追赶go ahead 说吧，走吧，做吧(口语)，在前面Good.Now we can go ahead and write up the order.好极了，现在我们可以准备下单了。go beyon

19、d 超出It can go beyond the school system,Ellen.这可以推广到学校体制以外。go by=pass（时间）经过，过去He let a week go by before answering the letter.他一周以后才回信。go down 下降Ill go down to Henrys grocery.Its always open.我到亨利杂货店去。那里总是开门营业的go into 进入Yes,youre right.After all,she is smart enough to go into business.是啊，你说的对。毕竟，她完全有经

20、商才智。go off 消失，腐败，坏的go out(火)熄灭，过时了，罢工Why not go out for a walk?干吗不出去散步？go over 去；复习，检查5 Go over to the construction site with me?去看一看建筑工地吗go through 审阅/经历了(痛苦，困难)，完成Would you like to go through our factory sometime?什么时候来看看我们的工厂吧？go up 提高，上涨(价格)I can go up to the lodge for some hot dogs and drinks.我可

21、以到那边小屋去弄些热狗和饮料来。go around 分配，传播，传开OK，lets go around the table.好 让我们顺着桌子来。go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事go back to 回到 Ill work for 5 years and then go back to school.我会工作五年，然后会学校。go with 相配=match=go along with Does the curtain go with the wall?窗帘的颜色与墙相配吗？We have both skirts and trousers that would go

22、well with the sweater.我们有裙子和长裤都可以配那件毛衣。go too far 太过分了，走太远了16.hold vt.怀有，持有(见解等)，留住No,the restaurant will hold our table.不会餐厅会保留我们的席位。hold up 主持，耽搁，延误，继续下去，拿起hold back 阻挡，忍住，保留，隐瞒hold down 控制，镇压=put down hold off 延误，保持距离，使疏远hold on 坚持下去，停止，别挂(电话)He gave them to me to hold on to them 他给我戒指要我自己保管hold

23、out 坚持到胜利，支持，维持，伸出hold to 坚持某个看法（路线），紧紧地抓住OK，hold to the right.好 在右边停住。17.hunt vt.追猎；追赶vi.打猎He who will have a hare for breakfast must hunt overnight.早餐想吃野兔肉，头晚就须去捕捉。hunt for 寻找hunt out 找出来18.keep vt.保存，保持；留住We keep in touch with each other by Email since he left China.他离开中国以后，我们用Email 保持联系。keep to

24、坚持某种习惯，遵循，靠(左右)In England traffic must keep to the left.在英国，车辆必须靠左行驶。keep back 留在后面，阻止，忍住keep down 控制，下降，缩减开支keep off 避开，远离，让开keep out 使其等在外面，不让进入keep up 保持，维持，鼓足勇气keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事keep sth from sb 把某事瞒着某人keep up with 跟上19.knock vi.&vt.&n.敲，击，打knock into sb 撞到某人身上；偶然遇到knock sth down 降低价格，拆除

25、，缩减开支knock off 下班，停工，很快地写出文章Why dont you knock it off?为什么不把它（从树上）打下来？knock sb up 匆匆做饭，敲门把某人叫醒，使某人疲倦6 knock at 敲(门)There was a knock at the door.It was the second time that someone had interrupted me that evening.有人敲门，那是那天晚上有人第二次打扰我了。knock sb up 把某人叫醒20.know vt.知道；认识；通晓Do you know where Ive put my gl

26、asses?你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗？know about 了解，知道情况How much do you know about the works of George Eliot?乔治 艾略特的作品你知道多少？know of 听说，知道为什么be known for sth 以.出名be known as 作为 出名as is known to all 众所周知As is known to all,the Internet is developing very fast.(注意“，”)=It is known to all that the Internet is developing ver

27、y fast.众所周知，互联网发展地很快。21.lay vt.放，安排，铺设，覆盖lay aside 放在 一边，积蓄l lay down 放下，制定计划lay emphasis on sth 强调lay down ones life for 为.献出生命lay out 布置；设计lay off 解雇22.leave v.离开，留下leave alone 不要管(某人)，不要碰(某物)leave behind 遗留，遗志leave for 去leave for 离开 去leave off(使)停止；中断leave out 删掉，漏掉leave over 剩下的，暂时不去解决的23.let vt

28、.容许，使得，假设Rose,let me introduce my friend to you.罗斯，让我介绍一下我的朋友。let alone 不要管，不碰，更不用说let down 放下(窗帘)，失望let off 燃放鞭炮，放掉蒸汽，放过某人let out 放掉气，发出响声，泄露24.look v.看，期待n.外观，神色Yes,but you look as pretty now as you did then.但你看起来还是那么漂亮。look after 照料Its very noble of you to look after my old grandmother when I was

29、 out for business.你心地真好，在我出差期间照顾我年迈的奶奶。look back 回顾look into sth 调查，了解某事，浏览(书报)look on as 把.看作.look out 小心，当心，向外看look around 到处看Well.do you mind if I look around?嗯 你们不介意我到处瞧瞧look over 审阅，翻阅Yes,so we had better look over your specifications.是的，所以我们最好先把您的规格说明细看一遍。look through 浏览，仔细地检查look to 负责，留意7 Th

30、e more women look in their glass，the less they look to their house.妇女照镜越多，照管家务就越少。look up(从词典中)找出，天气转变，物价上涨，仰视look up 仰视look up to sb 尊敬某人look down on/upon sb 轻视某人look forward to(doing sth/+n.)期待I look forward to seeing Harry and Michelle.我等著见Harry 和 Michelle。25.make n.(产品)来源vt.制造Its really hard to

31、make a decision.挺难做决定的。make for 有助于，向 走过去make out 辩认出，理解，开(写)支票，假装make up 构成；编造He made up a story to encourage me.他编了个故事来激励我。make up for 补偿make up of 由.组成make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑make(full)use of(充分)利用make certain 弄清楚make up ones mind 决定，下决心I am old enough to make up my own mind.我已经长大了，可以自己拿主意了。make tea

32、/coffee 泡茶/冲咖啡She intends to make teaching her profession.她想以教书为职业。26.open a.开的；开放的vt.开Does the shop open at 9 am on weekdays?这家店平日是早上9 点开门吗？open to the public 向公众开放The town gardens are open to the public from sunrise to the sunset daily.市立公园每天从早到晚对公众开放。open to traffic 通车The road bridge is now open

33、to traffic.这座公路桥现在开放通行。open up 开垦open fire on sb.向某人开火27.pass v.通过 n.经过；通行证Even if you take the exam again,you wont pass it.就算再考一次你也通不过。pass away 消磨(时间)，去世，死（委婉的说法）pass by 从某人身边经过，过去Dont let chances pass by不要让机遇从我们身边溜走。pass for 冒充，假扮pass on(to)传下去pass through 经历We wouldn t like the cars to pass thro

34、ugh here.我们不希望汽车通过这里。28.pick n.风镐；牙签v.凿；摘；挑选pick out 挑选，认出(某人)，领会pick up 捡起来，中途把某人装上车，恢复健康，随便学/买（语言/东西），接收（信号、电视节目）I pick up my sister from her school.我到学校接妹妹。He picked up some Japanese when he was in Japan.他在日本时学了一点日语。29.pull v.拖，拔，扯 n.牵引t pull down 拆掉，推掉，使身体虚弱，使价格降低8 pull off 脱衣帽pull off a plan 实现

35、计划pull out 拔出，离开，度过难关，恢复健康to pull out of the garage 从车库开车出来pull throw 渡过难关，使从病中恢复过来pull up 车子停下，拔起(树、草)31.put v.放；移动；使穿过；写Do you know where Ive put my glasses?你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗？put away 放下，收起来，把 放在原位He has a nice sum of money put away 他存了一大笔钱。put aside 把放在 .留出(时间)，备用put back 放在原处，推迟，延期When the others had

36、 gone，Mary remained and put back the furniture.当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放回原处。put down 镇压，写下来，放下He put down his glass.他放下杯子。put forward 提出，提前，提供put in 提交，申请(+for)All is not gain that is put in the purse.装进钱包里的不一定都是正当的收入。put off 推迟，延期，打消，关上Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。put on 穿上，上演

37、I ll put on a bit of makeup.我要化一点妆。put through 接通电话put out 扑灭，关灯，生产，出版Far water does not put out near fire.远水救不了近火。put up 张贴，留某人过夜，建造put into production 把.投入生产put into use 投入使用put ones heart into 全心全意投入32.run v.(使)跑，经营n.赛跑；路线run across 穿过(跪道)，偶然遇到run after 追赶run away 逃走，失去控制to run away from run down

38、 身体虚弱，电用完了run into sb 碰到某人run for 竞选Why shouldnt you run for what,Mom?为什么 不该竞选什么妈妈run out 用完Well，I suppose Ive run out of excuses.噢 我想我再也找不出籍口了。run over 匆匆浏览，从 上碾过run through 穿过，匆匆看一下，做完Lets just run through the arguments for and against.我们来看一下赞成和反对的理由。run a risk of=be at the risk of 冒.险33.see vt.看见

39、；遇见；看出Hello.Can I see Mr.Green?你好，我能见格林先生吗？see sb off 为某人送行，解雇see into sth 调查，了解某事see about 负责处理Ill have to see about that.这事儿我得想一想再定。see through 看穿某人see sth through 进行到底34.send vt.vi.送，寄发；派遣To make it fast,you can send a fax.要想快点的话就发个传真。9 I can send one for you to try.我们可以寄个给你试用。send for 派某人去请，去叫某人

40、send off 发出，寄出send sb off=see sb.off 为某人送行，解雇send up 发射send in 交上去，递送send on 转交35.set vi.(日，月)落，vt.放We are going upstairs to set up Grandpas room.我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。set about sth 着手做某事set about doing sth 着手做某事set out 出发，开始做某事，陈述After several delays,he finally set out at 8 oclock.几经耽搁，他终于在八点钟出发了。set apar

41、t 分离，流出set aside 流出，宣布 无效In that case,Ill have some set aside for you.既然这么说，我会为你留一些下来。set down 放下，写下set off 出发set up 建立We are going upstairs to set up Grandpas room.我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。set fire to 放火烧set an example to 为某人树立榜样36.start vi.跳起；出发；开始What time do you start work?你什么时候开始工作？start with 就此开始start a

42、fter sb.追赶上某人start off 动身出发start up 开工，突然站起来at the very start 一开始37.take vt.耗费(时间)；需要，走-路I used to take a walk in the early morning.我过去常一大早出去散步。The U.S.will take one route,the Japan take other.美国和日本采取不同的新路径。take away 拿走，离开I want to take away the book which you showed me yesterday.我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。take

43、 back 拿回来take back ones words 收回(刚讲的话)take A for B 把 A 误认为是B take in sth 接受take in sb 欺骗take off 起飞，兴旺发达；脱下Before gold,even kings take off their hats.在黄金面前，国王也要脱帽。take on 呈现，承担take on sb 雇用take up 占据(时间，地方)，从事于take pride in=be proud of 引以为豪take turns 轮流take in turn 依次take pains to do 努力做某事take a cha

44、nce 碰运气take a lead 带头take charge of 负责take ones leave 告辞38.think v.思考；认为；想起10 think about 考虑，关心What do you think about it?你对此怎么看？think of 想起，记得，觉得怎样What do you think of their skill?=How do you like skills?你觉得他们演奏技术如何？think of as 把.当作.think over 仔细考虑think out 想出，解决了，想清楚think back to 回想过去think well of

45、 高度评价=think highly of 38.throw v.投射；摔倒n.投掷to throw a plane 抛（纸）飞机throw about 到处扔throw away 扔掉，浪费(金钱)，失去(机会)throw back 扔回来，阻止，进攻throw down 扔下来，推翻within a stones throw off 靠.很近throw in 扔，扔进throw into 扔，扔进throw in a word or two 插一两句话throw off 匆忙地脱掉，摆脱，扔掉throw off ones airs 放下某人的架子throw on 匆忙穿上throw out

46、 赶走Dont throw out the baby with the bath water.切勿良莠不分一起抛。throw light on 提供线索，有助理解某事throw oneself into 投入39.turn v.转向，旋转n.轮流Open your books and turn to page 20.打开书，翻到第20 页。turn back to翻回到turn down 拒绝，音量调低turn up 音量调高，出现turn in 上交Please turn in your papes before leaving.请在离开前将论文交上。turn oneself in 自首tu

47、rn into 把.变成.，把.翻译成.turn out(to be)结果是，制造出，生产出，培养出，关(煤气)How did the game turn out?球赛结果如何？turn over 移交，把.打翻turn to 转向，求助于，翻到第几页He used to be a teacher,but now he has turned to business.turn to sb for help 求助于turn against 背叛by ones turn 轮流，交替in ones turn 轮到某人做某事It is your turn to clean the room.轮到你。40

48、.wear v.穿，戴，磨损，耐久wear sb out/be worn out 使某人精疲力尽wear sth out 使某物被穿破wear off 慢慢地消失掉，褪掉wear away 磨掉，(时间)消逝wear on(时间)消逝41.work vi.(机器等)运转；活动work on 从事于某项工作Ill work on my computer.我要练电脑。work on a problem 从事于某项工作work out 算出（总数）to work out a sum 算出总数带来好结果；有预期的结果Things will work themselves out.事情会有好结果的。work at(one s lesson)在-下功夫.11