高考短语资料——40个高考英语必备动词及词组讲解1.pdf

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1、1 40 个高考英语必备动词及词组讲解 建议和考试说明词汇一起印发给学生1.agree vi.同意；持相同意见 I cannot agree with you on this point.在这一点上，我不能同意你的意见。sb agree with sb 同意某人的话，意见 sth agree with sb 某物，某事适应某人 sth agree with sth 与-一致 The climate here doesn t agree with me.我不适应这里的气候。agree to sb 建议 agree on sth 在某一点上取得一致意见 agree to do sth 同意干某事

2、2.break vt.打破；损坏；破坏；n.休息 He has broken the world record again.We should all take a little break before dessert.吃甜点之前我们大家应该稍微休息一下。break down 机器坏了=go wrong 身体垮了/终止谈话 I had never seen a grown man break down and cry.我从未曾看到过一个这么强壮的汉子痛哭。break in 闯入，插话 break off 忽然停止讲话/断绝，结束/暂停 工作，休息 break out（战争等）爆发；逃出（无被

3、动式）The war broke out in 1937.这场战争 1937 年爆发的。break through 打破包围 break up 驱散，学校的放学 The police had to employ force to break up the crowd.警察不得不使用武力驱散人群。break into pieces 打烂成碎片 break away from 脱离，逃说，与断绝来 往/改变某种习惯 3.bring vt.拿来；带来；取来 Ill bring some of my pictures into the gallery.我就带一些我的摄影到艺廊来。bring about

4、=cause，result in，lead to 使产生，引起 bring down 使倒下，使下降 bring forward 提出建议=put forward 提前 bring in=get in the pops 带来/收入 bring back to ones mind 使回想起 bring up sb 抚养某人（被动：sb.be brought up）bring up sth 提出 bring up 呕吐 bring to an end 结束=come to an end 4.call vt.叫喊；打电话给 Ill call the roll before class.课前我要点名。

5、call on sb 拜访 call on sb to do sth 号召 call at 访问（某人的家）；（火车、船）停靠 call for 需要 This work calls for skills.这工作需要技巧。Theres a phone calling for you，Mr.Bennett.Bennett 先生，有你的电话。call for sb 去接某人一起去做某事 call off 取消（计划，比赛）call out（call out+to sb.）大声地叫 call sb up 打电话 2 call in 请进来 Well have our lesson.Please ca

6、ll them in.上课了，请他们进来。5.carry vt.携带；运载；传送 He is carrying a big box on his shoulder.他扛着一个大箱子。carry out 进行到底，贯彻执行 Tomorrow,Sandra will carry out the garbage.明天珊多拉将会收拾垃圾的。carry out 与成就、完成的惯用语，但在此句，一看便知并非这种意思。可把它想象做从厨房把 garbage 运到外面 去。carry on 进行下去，坚持下去 Another generation carries on the Stewart name.这是承继

7、 Stewart 家族香火的新一代。carry away 拿走，入迷，被.吸引 carry forward 推进，发扬（精神）carry off 抢走，夺走/获得奖品 carry through 进行到底，完成计划 carry sb through 使.渡过难关 6.catch vt.捉；抓住 vi.接住 We didnt catch anything.我们什么也没有钓着。catch up with 赶上某人，补上工作 He shut himself away for a month to catch up with his academic work.他与世隔绝一个月，力图把功课赶上去。ca

8、tch on 勾住，绊倒 be caught in the rain 被雨淋 7.clear a.清澈 晰 的 vt.清除 clear up（天气）转晴，澄清事实，整理收拾 It is said it will clear up tonight.天气预报说今晚雨就会停。clear away 清除掉，去掉，消散 clear off 消除（积雪）等障碍，把.拆掉，擦掉。e vi.到来；变得；到达 May I come in?我能进来吗？come across 偶然发现，偶然遇到 come on 快点（口），开始，到来，举行，走 吧，一起去 Oh,come on now.噢 别这样了。come at

9、 向.扑过来，向 袭击 A wolf came at me.一匹狼向我扑来。come down 倒下，（温度，价格）下降，病倒 come forward 涌现，主动地响应要求做某事 come in 进来，上市 And have you had an engineer come in to do an inspection?你们可叫一个工程师来做过检查吗 come from 来自于 I come from Japan.我来自日本。come out 出来，出发，结果 Did Mitchell Johnsons review come out yet?Mitchell Johnson 的评论出来了没

10、有?come to 苏醒，总共，达到，得到谅解 When will he come to see you?他什么时候来看你？come up 种子生长发育，被提出 Ill come up with something.我会想出个办法的。come to ones rescuers 帮助 come true 实现 a dream has come true.一个梦想实现了。9.cut v.割，切，削减，切断 They cut patches 剪下布块 cut sth in half 把.砍成两半 cut away 切除 He cut away a dead branch.他砍掉一根枯干的树枝。cut

11、 through 走近路，剌穿 cut down 砍倒，减少，压缩（开支）cut off 切断（关系，来往），中止（电话，思维）He was cut off from his fellows.他和同伴失去联系。cut out 删掉/改掉（恶习），停止 in a short cut 诀窍 10.do v.aux.助动词（无词意）What do you call this in English?这个用英语怎么说？do with 处置 What are you going to do with the books?你打算3 拿这些书怎么办？do up ones hair 盘起长发 do up sth

12、 包/捆起来 do away with=get rid of 废除，去掉，取消 11.die vi.死亡；枯死；熄灭 I will die before I eat that carrot.如果要我吃胡萝卜，我宁愿去死。dir from 因饥渴，战争，被污染的意外死亡 die off 因年老，疾病而死亡 die away 声音变弱，渐渐消失/停息，消失 die down 慢慢地熄灭（风，火）die out 熄灭，变弱，消失，灭绝（动物）12.fall vi.落下；跌倒；陷落 fall to 坠下，掉下 fall asleep 入睡 fall ill 病了 Be careful not to f

13、all ill 注意不要生病了。fall across 遇见（偶然）fall back 后退，后撤 fall behind 落后，跟不上 fall in 集合/陷入 The necessary outcome of a war is a fall in production.战争带来的必然结果就是生产力下降。fall into 陷入+名词 A fall into a pit,a gain in your wit.吃一堑，长一智。fall off 减少，从.摔下来 He fell off a bench.他从长凳上掉下来了。fall on 看到，落在.上面 fall short of 缺乏 fa

14、ll out of 放弃 13.get vi.变得，成为；到达 When do you get up every day?你几点起床？get across 穿过，讲清楚使人了解，领会 The children began to get across at each other.孩子们开始争吵了。get away 逃掉，离开，摆脱 I hope to get away early in the morning.我希 望一早就动身离开。get down to sth/doing sth 开始（做）某事 Its time to get down to business now.是进入 正题的时候啦。

15、get along with sth 进展得 get along with sb 相处 get in 进去，进站，收进来，收帐 Lets get in our lines.请排好位置。get off 离开，下车 You can take the bus and get off at the second stop.你可以坐公共汽车第二站下。get on a bus 上车 Dont get on my nerves!不要搅得我心烦。get out 拔出，传开 I need to get out more.我需要多出门去。get over（不接 from）克服（困难），恢复过来，hell get

16、over it.过一下就会好的。get around=spread 传开 get through 完成，通过，用完，从人群中通 过，接通电话 It took us only a few minutes to get through the Customs.我们的海关检查只花了几分钟。get to 到达，抓住问题的要害，本质 Excuse me,how can I get to the bus station?对不起，汽车站怎么走？get together 聚会，联欢 Lets get together one of these days.找一天 聚聚。get in a word 策划 get

17、into trouble 陷入 get rid off 摆脱，去掉 14.give vt.给出，赋予，发生 4 If you have more,please give me some.如果 你有多的，请给我。give away 分发，赠送，颁发，背叛，出卖，暴露 give in(to sb)屈服 give off 放出(气体，光)Those flowers look pretty but dont give off a nice smell.这些花看似漂亮，但是气味并不好。give out 使人筋疲力尽 Some restaurants give out an odor that reach

18、es to the street.一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街 上。give up 放弃，停止做某事 He is determined to give up smoking 他决 心戒烟。give over 让位于=give way to 被取代 give rise to 引起，导致 15.go vi.离开；移动；运行 I have to go now.我必须走了。go bad 变坏；变酸；腐败 go red 变红 go hungry 挨饿 go wrong 出错；发生故障 go about 随便走/进行 Could you please inform me how to go about co

19、ntacting a lawyer?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师？go after 追赶 go ahead 说吧，走吧，做吧（口语），在前面 Good.Now we can go ahead and write up the order.好极了，现在我们可以准备下单了。go beyond 超出 It can go beyond the school system,Ellen.这可以推广到学校体制以外。go by=pass（时间）经过，过去 He let a week go by before answering the letter.他一周以后才回信。go down 下降 Ill go down

20、to Henrys grocery.Its always open.我到亨利杂货店去。那里总是开门营业的 go into 进入 Yes,youre right.After all,she is smart enough to go into business.是啊，你说的对。毕竟，她完全有经商才智。go off 消失，腐败，坏的 go out（火）熄灭，过时了，罢工 Why not go out for a walk?干吗不出去散 步？go over 去.；复习，检查 Go over to the construction site with me?去 看一看建筑工地吗 go through

21、审阅/经历了（痛苦，困难），完成 Would you like to go through our factory sometime?什么时候来看看我们的工厂吧？go up 提高，上涨（价格）I can go up to the lodge for some hot dogs and drinks.我可以到那边小屋去弄些热狗和饮料来。go around 分配，传播，传开 OK，lets go around the table.好让我们顺着 桌子来。go all out to do sth 全力以赴去做某事 5 go back to 回到 Ill work for 5 years and the

22、n go back to school.我会工作五年，然后会学校。go with 相配=match=go along with Does the curtain go with the wall?窗帘的颜色与墙相配吗？We have both skirts and trousers that would go well with the sweater.我们有裙子和长裤都可以配那件毛衣。go too far 太过分了，走太远了 16.hold vt.怀有，持有（见解等），留住 No,the restaurant will hold our table.不会 餐厅会保留我们的席位。hold up

23、 主持，耽搁，延误，继续下去，拿 起 hold back 阻挡，忍住，保留，隐瞒 hold down 控制，镇压=put down hold off 延误，保持距离，使疏远 hold on 坚持下去，停止，别挂（电话）He gave them to me to hold on to them 他给 我戒指要我自己保管 hold out 坚持到胜利，支持，维持，伸出 hold to 坚持某个看法（路线），紧紧地抓住 OK，hold to the right.好在右边停住。17.h unt vt.追猎；追赶 vi.打猎 He who will have a hare for breakfast m

24、ust hunt overnight.早餐想吃野兔肉，头晚就须去捕捉。hunt for 寻找 hunt out 找出来 18.keep vt.保存，保持；留住 We keep in touch with each other by Email since he left China.他离开中国以后，我们用 Email 保持联系。keep to 坚持某种习惯，遵循，靠（左右）In England traffic must keep to the left.在英 国，车辆必须靠左行驶。keep back 留在后面，阻止，忍住 keep down 控制，下降，缩减开支 keep off 避开，远离，

25、让开 keep out 使其等在外面，不让进入 keep up 保持，维持，鼓足勇气 keep sb from doing 阻止某人做某事 keep sth from sb 把某事瞒着某人 keep up with 跟上 19.knock vi.&vt.&n.敲，击，打 knock into sb 撞到某人身上；偶然遇到 knock sth down 降低价格，拆除，缩减开支 knock off 下班，停工，很快地写出文章 Why dont you knock it off?为什么不把它（从树上）打下来？knock sb up 匆匆做饭，敲门把某人叫醒，使某人疲倦 knock at 敲（门）T

26、here was a knock at the door.It was the second time that someone had interrupted me that evening.有人敲门，那是那天晚上有人第二次打扰我 了。knock sb up 把某人叫醒 20.know vt.知道；认识；通晓 Do you know where Ive put my glasses?你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗？know about 了解，知道情况 How much do you know about the works of George Eliot?乔治艾略特的作品你知道多少？6 know

27、of 听说，知道为什么 be known for sth 以.出名 be known as 作为.出名 as is known to all 众所周知 As is known to all,the Internet is developing very fast.（注意，”）=It is known to all that the Internet is developing very fast.众所周知，互联网发展地很快。21.lay vt.放，安排，铺设，覆盖 lay aside 放在 一边，积蓄 I lay down 放下，制定计划 lay emphasis on sth 强调 lay

28、down ones life for 为.献出生命 lay out 布置；设计 lay off 解雇 22.leave v.离开，留下 leave alone 不要管（某人），不要碰（某物）leave behind 遗留，遗志 leave for 去 leave for 离开.去.leave off（使）停止；中断 leave out 删掉，漏掉 leave over 剩下的，暂时不去解决的 23.let vt.容许，使得，假设 Rose,let me introduce my friend to you.罗斯，让我介绍一下我的朋友。let alone 不要管，不碰，更不用说 let down

29、 放下（窗帘），失望 let off 燃放鞭炮，放掉蒸汽，放过某人 let out 放掉气，发出响声，泄露 24.look v.看，期待 n.外观，神色 Yes,but you look as pretty now as you did then.但你看起来还是那么漂亮。look after 照料 Its very noble of you to look after my old grandmother when I was out for business.你心地真好，在我出 差期间照顾我年迈的奶奶。look back 回顾 look into sth 调查，了解某事，浏览（书报）look

30、 on as 把.看作.look out 小心，当心，向外看 look around 到处看 Well.do you mind if I look around?嗯 你们不介意我到处瞧瞧 look over 审阅，翻阅 Yes,so we had better look over your specifications.是的，所以我们最好先把您的规格说明细看 一遍。look through 浏览，仔细地检查 look to 负责，留意 The more women look in their glass，the less they look to their house.妇女照镜越多，照管家务

31、就越少。look up（从词典中）找出，天气转变，物价上 涨，仰视 look up 仰视 look up to sb 尊敬某人 look down on/upon sb 轻视某人 look forward to（doing sth/+n.）期待 I look forward to seeing Harry and Michelle.我等著见 Harry 和 Michelle。25.make n.（产品）来源 vt.制造 Its really hard to make a decision.挺难做决 定7 的。make for 有助于，向 .走过去 make out 辩认出，理解，开（写）支票，

32、假装 make up 构成；编造 He made up a story to encourage me.他编了个故事来激励我。make up for 补偿 make up of 由.组成 make fun of 嘲笑，和某人开玩笑 make（full）use of（充分）利用 make certain 弄清楚 make up ones mind 决定，下决心 I am old enough to make up my own mind.我已经长大了，可以自己拿主意了。make tea/coffee 泡茶/冲咖啡 She intends to make teaching her professi

33、on.她想以教书为职业。26.open a.开的；开放的 vt.开 Does the shop open at 9 am on weekdays?这家店平日是早上 9 点开门吗？open to the public 向公众开放 The town gardens are open to the public from sunrise to the sunset daily.市立公园每天从早到晚对公众开放。open to traffic 通车 The road bridge is now open to traffic.这座 公路桥现在开放通行。open up 开垦 open fire on sb

34、.向某人开火 27.pass v.通过 n.经过；通行证 Even if you take the exam again,you wont pass it.就算再考一次你也通不过。pass away 消磨（时间），去世，死（委婉的说 法）pass by 从某人身边经过，过去 Dont let chances pass by 不要让机遇从我们身边溜走。pass for 冒充，假扮 pass on（to）传下去 pass through 经历 We wouldn tlike the cars to pass through here.我们不希望汽车通过这里。28.pick n.风镐；牙签 v.凿；

35、摘；挑选 pick out 挑选，认出（某人），领会 pick up 捡起来，中途把某人装上车，恢复 健康，随便学/买（语言/东西），接收（信号、电视节目）I pick up my sister from her school.我到学 校接妹妹。He picked up some Japanese when he was in Japan.他在日本时学了一点日语。29.pull v.拖，拔，扯 n.牵引 t pull down 拆掉，推掉，使身体虚弱，使价 格降低 pull off 脱衣帽 pull off a plan 实现计划 pull out 拔出，离开，度过难关，恢复健康 to pul

36、l out of the garage 从车库开车出来 pull throw 渡过难关，使从病中恢复过来 pull up 车子停下，拔起（树、草）31.put v.放；移动；使穿过；写 8 Do you know where Ive put my glasses?你知道我把眼镜搁哪儿了吗？put away 放下，收起来，把.放在原位 He has a nice sum of money put away 他存 了一大笔钱。put aside 把放在 留出（时间），备用 put back 放在原处，推迟，延期 When the others had gone，Mary remained and

37、put back the furniture.当其他人走了之后，玛丽留下来，将家具放 回原处。put down 镇压，写下来，放下 He put down his glass.他放下杯子。put forward 提出，提前，提供 put in 提交，申请（+for）All is not gain that is put in the purse.装进钱包里的不一定都是正当的收入。put off 推迟，延期，打消，关上 Never put off till tomorrow what you can do today.今日事今日毕。put on 穿上，上演 I llput on a bit of

38、 makeup.我要化一点妆。put through 接通电话 put out 扑灭，关灯，生产，出版 Far water does not put out near fire.远水救 不了近火。put up 张贴，留某人过夜，建造 put into production 把.投入生产 put into use 投入使用 put ones heart into 全心全意投入 32.run v.（使）跑，经营 n.赛跑；路线 run across 穿过（跪道），偶然遇到 run after 追赶 run away 逃走，失去控制 to run away from run down 身体虚弱，电用

39、完了 run into sb 碰到某人 run for 竞选 Why shouldnt you run for what,Mom?为什 么 不该竞选什么 妈妈 run out 用完 Well，I suppose Ive run out of excuses.噢 我想我再也找不出籍口了。run over 匆匆浏览，从 上碾过 run through 穿过，匆匆看一下，做完 Lets just run through the arguments for and against.我们来看一下赞成和反对的理由。run a risk of=be at the risk of 冒.险 33.see vt.

40、看见；遇见；看出 Hello.Can I see Mr.Green?你好，我能见格 林先生吗？see sb off 为某人送行，解雇 see into sth 调查，了解某事 see about 负责处理 Ill have to see about that.这事儿我得想一想 再定。see through 看穿某人 see sth through 进行到底 34.send vt.vi.送，寄发；派遣 To make it fast,you can send a fax.要想快点 的话就发个传真。I can send one for you to try.我们可以寄个 给你试用。send for

41、 派某人去请，去叫某人 send off 发出，寄出 9 send sb off=see sb.off 为某人送行，解雇 send up 发射 send in 交上去，递送 send on 转交 35.set vi.（日，月）落，vt.放 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpas room.我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。set about sth 着手做某事 set about doing sth 着手做某事 set out 出发，开始做某事，陈述 After several delays,he finally set out at 8 oclock.几

42、经耽搁，他终于在八点钟出发了。set apart 分离，流出 set aside 流出，宣布 无效 In that case,Ill have some set aside for you.既然这么说，我会为你留一些下来。set down 放下，写下 set off 出发 set up 建立 We are going upstairs to set up Grandpas room.我们要上楼收拾一下爷爷的房间。set fire to 放火烧 set an example to 为某人树立榜样 36.start vi.跳起；出发；开始 What time do you start work?你

43、什么时候开 始工作？start with 就此开始 start after sb.追赶上某人 start off 动身出发 start up 开工，突然站起来 at the very start 一开始 37.take vt.耗费（时间）；需要，走-路 I used to take a walk in the early morning.我过去常一大早出去散步。The U.S.will take one route,the Japan take other.美国和日本采取不同的新路径。take away 拿走，离开 I want to take away the book which you

44、showed me yesterday.我想带走你昨天给我看的那本书。take back 拿回来 take back ones words 收回（刚讲的话）take A for B 把 A 误认为是 B take in sth 接受 take in sb 欺骗 take off 起飞，兴旺发达；脱下 Before gold,even kings take off their hats.在 黄金面前，国王也要脱帽。take on 呈现，承担 take on sb 雇用 take up 占据（时间，地方），从事于 take pride in=be proud of 引以为豪 take turns

45、轮流 take in turn 依次 take pains to do 努力做某事 take a chance 碰运气 take a lead 带头 take charge of 负责 1 0 take ones leave 告辞 38.think v.思考；认为；想起 think about 考虑，关心 What do you think about it?你对此怎么看？think of 想起，记得，觉得怎样 What do you think of their skill?=How do you like skills?你觉得他们演奏 技术如何？think of as 把.当作.think

46、 over 仔细考虑 think out 想出，解决了，想清楚 think back to 回想过去 think well of 高度评价=think highly of 38.throw v.投射；摔倒 n.投掷 to throw a plane 抛（纸）飞机 throw about 到处扔 throw away 扔掉，浪费（金钱），失去（机会）throw back 扔回来，阻止，进攻 throw down 扔下来，推翻 within a stones throw off 靠.很近 throw in 扔，扔进 throw into 扔，扔进 throw in a word or two 插一

47、两句话 throw off 匆忙地脱掉，摆脱，扔掉 throw off ones airs 放下某人的架子 throw on 匆忙穿上 throw out 赶走 Dont throw out the baby with the bath water.切勿良莠不分一起抛。throw light on 提供线索，有助理解某事 throw oneself into 投入 39.turn v.转向，旋转 n.轮流 Open your books and turn to page 20.打开 书，翻到第 20 页。turn back to 翻回到 turn down 拒绝，音量调低 turn up 音量

48、调高，出现 turn in 上交 Please turn in your papes before leaving.请 在离开前将论文交上。turn oneself in 自首 turn into 把.变成.，把.翻译成.turn out（to be）结果是，制造出，生产出，培养出，关（煤气）How did the game turn out?球赛结果如何？turn over 移交，把.打翻 turn to 转向，求助于，翻到第几页 He used to be a teacher,but now he has turned to business.turn to sb for help 求助于

49、 turn against 背叛 by ones turn 轮流，交替 in ones turn 轮到某人做某事 It is your turn to clean the room.轮到你。40.wear v.穿，戴，磨损，耐久 wear sb out/be worn out 使某人精疲力尽 wear sth out 使某物被穿破 wear off 慢慢地消失掉，褪掉 wear away 磨掉，（时间）消逝 wear on（时间）消逝 41.work vi.（机器等）运转；活动 work on 从事于某项工作 Ill work on my computer.我要练电脑。work on a problem 从事于某项工作 work out 算出（总数）to work out a sum 算出总数 带来好结果；有 预期的结果 1 1 Things will work themselves out.事情会有 好结果的。work at（one s lesso n）在 下功夫.11