英语中考复习阅读理解.pdf

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1、中考英语阅读理解分类解读一、人物故事类【命题趋势】人物故事以记述人物生平故事为主。体裁一般是记叙文，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。写作手法多采用时间、空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终。命题以细节为主，推理为辅。近年来，人物传记类阅读文章在高中阅读理解题中有所减少。【应试对策】人物故事类文章多为记叙文，为了支撑所要描述的人物，短语往往会出现大量细节，这些细节有时很直接，理解字面意思即可，有时则很间接，需要综合、归纳、推理才能判断。准确理解细节是做好这类题的关键。那么，怎样准确理解细节呢？首先，从问题中找到关键词;然后以此为线索，运用略读和查阅的技巧在文中迅速找细节;找到后再把这一部分内容仔

2、细阅读，认真比较选项和文中细节的区别;最后，在正确理解细节的前提下，确定最佳答案。【典型考题】(1)When we asked students what they want to be,they oftentalk about unusual jobs,things like teachers and doctors.But ifyou think about it,many people dont plan to do their jobs.They just start doing them by accident.We have talked to twopeople with unu

3、sual jobs.Emily is a dentist but she doesn*t work with people.Sheworks with horses.After university she took care of animalshealth for several years,but she notices that there were fewpeople who could help horses*teeth.She deicide to go tocollege and study again.Then she had to buy special tools,but

4、she is never out of work.Shed always very busy taking care ofhorses teeth.couldnr t be a dentist for people now,“Emilysaid,because I really enjoy working with horses.As soon as David could read,he read books about robots,butthe robots he build today dont look like the strange robotpeople in his book

5、s.He build robots for industry.Early one hemade up his mind to study math,science and computers so thathe could break into the world of robot engineering.4(Some ofthe math is very difficult.say David,“but you must study mathto be an engineer/*Fortunately he got top marks in all his mathexams.1.Emily

6、 doesnt want to be a dentist b e c a u s e.A.the pay is low B.she has to buy specialtoolsC.s h e w i ll b e o u t o f w o r kD.s h e li k e s w o r k i n g w i t hh o r s e s2.To b e c o m e a r o b o t e n g i n e e r,D av i d.A.n e e d t o w o r r y B.b o u g h t a lo t o f r o b o t sC.h ad t o s

7、 t u dy h ar d D.di dn，t h av e t o g o t o c o lle g e3.D av i d g o t t o p m ar k s i n all h i s m at h e x am s,alt h o u g hA.m at h w as n o t e as y t o s t u dyB.h e h as t o s t u dy m at h t o b e an e n g i n e e rC.h e c o u ld b r e ak i n t o t h e w o r ld o f r o b o t e n g i n e e

8、 r i n gD.h e m ade u p h i s m i n d t o s t u dy m at h,s c i e n c e an dc o m pu t e r s(20 0 8年天津市初中毕业生学业考试试卷)(2)O n e day w h e n Jac k w as w alk i n g i n t h e par k,h e s aw aw o m an,w h o li v e d a fe w m i le s aw ay,s i t t i n g o n a b e n c h w i t h a do gb e s i de h e r.Th e do

9、g w as lo o k i n g u p at t h e w o m an.Jac k w alk e d u p t o t h e w o m a n an d s ai d,“He llo,Su e,h o w ar ey o u?M a y I s i t an d t alk w i t h y o u fo r a w h i le?”Of c o u r s e,ple as es i t do w n,“Su e s ai d.Jac k s at do w n n e x t t o Su e o n t h e b e n c h,an d t h e y t al

10、k e d q u i e t ly t o g e t h e r.Th e do g c o n t i n u e d t o lo o k u p atSu e,as i f w ai t i n g t o b e fe d.“Thats a nice dog,isnt he?Jack said,pointing at theanimal.“Yes,he is.He*s handsome.Hes a bit of a mixture,but thafsnot a bad thing.Hes strong and healthy.”“And hungry,z，Jack said.He

11、hasnt taken his eyes off you.He thinks youve got some food for him.”“Thats true,“Sue said.But I havent.They both laughed and then Jack said,z，Does your dog bite?”“No,Sue said,Hes never bitten anyone.Hes alwaysgentle and friendly.”Hearing this,Jack decided to hold out his hand and touchedthe animals

12、head.Suddenly it jumped up and bit him.Hey!Jack shouted.You said your dog didnt bite.”Sue replied in surprise,，zYeah,I did.But this is not my dog.My dogs at home.”4.The dog looked at the woman b e c a u s e.A.the woman wanted to feed himB.the woman was friendlyC.he was strong and healthyD.he was hun

13、gry5.Jack and Sue wer e.A.friends B.next-door neighborsC.s t r an g e r s D.i n t h e s am e fam i ly6.Jac k t o u c h e d t h e do g b e c au s e h e bel ieved.A.t h e do g w as h an ds o m eB.Su e s do g w as u n fr i e n dlyC.t h e do g b e lo n g e d t o Su eD.Su e s do g w as at h o m e7.W e c

14、an i n fe r fo r m t h e pas s ag e t h at.A.Su e g av e a w r o n g an s w e rB.Jac k m ade a m i s t ak eC.t h e do g w as n t dan g e r o u sD.b o t h Jac k an d Su e li k e d t h e do g8.Wh i c h o f t h e Fo llo w i n g c an b e t h e b e s t t i t le o f t h epas s ag e?A.A Wr o n g Qu e s t i

15、 o n B.Su e s D o gC.A ple as an t Me e t i n g D.Su e s Fr i e n d（2 0 0 8年武汉市初中毕业生学业考试）参考答案:r5 DC A D A 6 8 C B A二、社会文化类【命题趋势】语言是社会文化的重要载体。学习英语的目的之一就是提高初步运用英语进行交际的能力，增强对外国文化，特别是英语国家文化的了解”。因此，社会文化类试题出现在高考试卷中是必然的。社会文化类文章的命题有以下趋势：1.以中西文化差异作为选材的重点。如礼仪、语言、生活习惯、世界观、价值观等为主题。题材涉及社会、文化、教育、体育等方面的内容。2.一般一篇文章

16、一个主题。以议论文、记叙文居多。3.命题方面，既重主旨把握，又重特定细节，时有推断。【应试对策】对英语语言、社会、文化的了解是一个长期的过程，在复习时要注意：1.重视英语词汇、语法和习惯用法的掌握。在复习过程加强对语言基础知识的掌握。对于普通中学毕业生来说，应 具 备2000-3500的词汇量，并掌握其词类、意思和基本用法。掌握句子结构和句子成分之间的关系。熟悉固定词组、固定搭配等约定俗成的语法项目。2.扩展文化背景知识，认真研读历届高考题。从近五年的高考题看，阅读内容的社会实用性越来越强，更重视语言和文化的关系，阅读材料会更多地涉及社会化背景知识。因此，要通过阅读更多地涉及社会文化背景知识，

17、要通过阅读更多地了解并丰富自己的知识。同时，要认真研读近五年的高考篇目，增加语言经验，适应选材特点，熟悉题材和体裁。了解设问形式，感悟设问特点。3.广泛涉猎，丰富消遣阅读。【典型考题】题理aft e rc a m e(1),根据其内容，选择最佳选项完成下列各Pe k i n g Ope r a.It c a m e;r o m Ai pi an dOpe r a i s als o c alle d I .w h e n t h e far r)o u s fo u r A n n u i j m e r a t r o u pe s le y i n g.It s m u s i c 叩 s

18、 i n g i n g U昌腔)c o m e f r-.-.i An h u i g n d Hu b e i.It s q o s t u m e s ar e all fas c i n at m“二 pr e s s i o n o f t h e Ch i n e s e c u lt u r efapi al pai n t i n g s,an d w o n de ii g n t m g.Th i s k i n d o f o pe r a i s v e r y po pu lar w i iar t i s t i c.It i s t h e h i g h e s

19、 t e x pr e s s i o nfu ll o f f a m o u s s t o n e s,b e 3u i i fg e s t u r e s an d fi g h,_Ch i n e s e pe o ple.Jli e r e ar e fo u r m ai n r o le san d Ch o u.S h e n e i s t h e le adi rW u s h e n g i a s o ldi e r o r fj g h t eLao s h e n g s an o ld m an.D a nale,i s t h e fac e-|c lo w

20、 n.Be i j i n g Ope r a ar e v e r y i n t e r e s t i n g.S o m e o f t h e mt o r y b o o k,b u t m o s t o f t h e m ar e fr o m t h e:i ally f a m o u s n o v e ls.T h e pe o ple i n t h e s t o r y1 s ag r e e m e n t s.T h e y b e c o m e an g r y an dI h e y ar e s ad an d lo n e ly.S o m e t

21、 i m e s t h e y ar e n e r v o u s_ _ _ _ w o r r i e d.|h e n t h q y fi n d a w a y t o m a k e pu s u ally e n d w i t h h appi n e s s an d lau g h t e r an d ir吗 爵一j e n gm o s t ly m tac t o r o r c _ _ _ _ St o r i e s i n B e war e fr o m t h e h i s t o ili t e r at u r e,e s pe c i al.,.u

22、 s u ally h q y e s o m e di su n h appy.T han d w o r r i ee r a:Sh e n g,ac t o r.Fo rpai n t e d r o len o v it h e .pai n5.Be ui n g OCp e r a 9 s s i.n g.i n.g i sk.An h u i a n d Hu b e iJf t h e h i s t o r y b o o k)5/-T he百e o o i 1 dzpar ag r aph(段落)去 .o f Be i j i n g Ope r a.A.s t o r i

23、e s B.r o le s(S e(题。D an,Ji n ge x am ple,ai g.m an.Ao u i s t h e c o m e d ye a c q T h e s t o r i e spe o ple ar e al dl h appyf r o m _ _ _ _ _ _ _.&疆噩靓四o f t h e r e adi n g i s ab o u tC.g e s t u r e s D.)o o.F r o m t h e r e adi n g,we k n o w t h e r o le C h o u m o s tpr o b ab ly h as

24、 a Cn)_fe at u r e.A-h o n e s t B.t u n n y C.du ll D.5号80 Wh i c h o f t h e fo llo w i n g i s t h e r o le S h e n g?A.B.C.D.Wh i c h o f t h e fo l o w i n g s t at e m e n t s i s T R U E?；e k i n g Ope r a i srfu ll o f di ffe r e n t.g e s t u r e s.h r e ar e o n ly fo u r r o le s i n Be n

25、 i n g Ope r a.Ee y i n g Ope r a i s t h e m o s t po o u lar IQ t h e w o r ld.嫡 翻 瞥 怖 舞 就 磷 勃 键 演 霓 螂 列 各)Oc t o b e r.1 6 j s Wo r ld Fo o d D ay.Th i s da都 需 蹋 给 曲 斜 窿*惜 驰 圜 勰 般ar e h o ldi n g s pe q i a e v e n t s.All o f i n e s e aj re s t ab li s h me n t o t t n e F A O j p 1 945.T h e t

26、 nv e ar Vy pr ld F o o d D a y i s Wat e r:So u r c eSe c u r i t y .A U N r e po r t s ay s t h at o v e r 6 m i lli o n pe o ple h av e di e d fr o mFo o d D ay.Th i s day i s t.1,n s F o oo r e t h aiAg r i c u lt u r ec o u n t r i e sm t o c e le b r at e t h edi s e as e s s o far t h i s y e

27、 ar alo n e.Mo r e t h ani e v e n,ar o u n d t h e w o r ld doo r fo o d w i ll.i n c r e as e as t h e;t o f t h at i n pr as Q w i l-Ld b y w at e r i r r i g at i o n（濯s h o r t s u pply i n m an yu j t o n e i g s Th e U N als o r e po r t s t h q t b y y e arn o r e fo o d.Mo s t o f t h at i

28、n c r e as e、h u n g e r an d r e lat e d dr _ _ _850 m i lli o n pe o ple,o r ab o in o t g e t e n o u g h fo o d,an dv y o r la s o o pu lat i o n g r o w s,t h e w o r ld m a y n e e d 60%m o r e _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _h av e t o c o m e fr o m ag r i c u lt u r e s u ppo r t e _ _ _ _ _,o_ _ _ _ _ _ _

29、_ _、,一溉）.Ho w e v e r,fr e s h w at e r i s alr e ady i n s h o r t s u pply i n m an yc o u n t r i e s.Jac q u e s D i o u f,t h e di r e c t o r o f t h e FAO,s ay s t h at t h e r e ar e20 c o u n t r i e s t h at do n o t h av e e n o u g h w at e r t o pr o du c e e n o u g hfpo g fo r t h e i

30、 r po pu lat i o n s.Te n n at i o n s u s e m o r e,t h an 40%o ft h e i r t o t al fr e s h w at e r fo r ag r i c u lt u r e.He fe ar s t h at t h e pr o b le my b e c o m e w o r s e aq t n e n e e d fo r w at e r b y pe o ple n d b yr o w s.So w at e r i s o n e o f t h e m o s t i m po r t an

31、t t h i n g s i n甲h Kn de r lj n e d（画线的）w o r d e s t ab li s h m e n t h as t h eA s.am e m e an i n g as _.小 一.A.pi c k i n g u p B r m a k m g u p C.c u t t i n g/u p、D.s e t t i n g u p（）62.In t h e w o r ld,m o r e t h an _ _ _ _ _ _ _ pe o ple h av e di e db e c au s e o f h u n g e r t h i s

32、 v e ar.10（A,m Nli o n&2 m i lli o n C.850 m i lli o n D.（.）63.Wh at Mr.D i o u f s ay s s h o w s t h at h e m o s t w o r r i e sab o u t .A.t h e fu t u r e o f t h e F A O ,.B.t j h e s h o r t o f w at e rC.t h e o v e r g r o w t h o f po pu lat i o n D.t h ede v e lo pm e n t o ft h e e n v i

33、 r o n m e n t（）64.Th e r e adi n g ab o v e i m pli e s（暗不）t h atA.fr e s h w at e r fo r u s i s q u i t e e n o u g h B.po pu lat i o n i s g e t t i n g s m alle r x.、.，.XI_C.w e w i ll n e e d m o r e w at e r t o i r r i g at e D.i n du s t r y i s t h em q s t j r n D o r t an t t h i n g t o

34、 day,（）65.Th e pas s ag e i s m ai n ly ab o u t .rA.h o w t o c e le b r at e Wo r ld Fo o d D a y _ B.t h e i n c r e as e o ffo o d i n m a n y c o u n t r i e sC.t h e i m po r t an c e o f w at e r fo r fo o d D.t h e U N Fo o d.品 究 髀 镰 硼j都 翱 中毕业生学业考试）t h e w o r ldJ sBar g ai n i n g i s t h e

35、 r u le h e r e i n Be i j i n g.At le as t,i t i s s o i nm o s t m ar k e t s an d b ac k-s t r e e t c lo t h e s s h o ps.Bar g ai n i n g i s anar t an d i f y o u ar e u n fam i li ar（不熟悉）w i t h i t,w e d li k e t o o ffe r y o us o m e adv i c e.Th e t i ps（窍门）h e r e ar e o ft e n u s e d i

36、 n Be i j i n g b u tm a y h e lp y o u at an y plac e i n t h e w o r ld w h e r e b ar g ai n i n g i spr ac t i c e d.DO N O T s ay h o w m u c h y o u w an t t o pay fo r an i t e m（物品）u n le s s i t s n e ar t h e e n d o f t h e b ar g ai n i n g.Alw ay s t r y an d dr o pt h e s e lle r s o f

37、fe r i n g pr i c e as m u c h as po s s i b le b e fo r e o pe n i n gy o u r m o u t h w i t h a pr i c e.DO t h r o w o u t r e ally lo w pr i c e s li k e 1 0 R M B w i t h a b i g s m i le.DO k e e p s m i li n g fr o m t h e b e g i n n i n g t o t h e e n d.Th e s e lle ru s u ally c o n t i

38、n u e s b ar g ai n i n g w i t h a h appy s m i li n g fac e.Ge t t i n gan g r y h ar dly g e t s y o u t h e pr i c e y o u w an t.K E E P i n m i n d t h e pr i c e o ffe r e d b y t h e s e lle r at t h eb e g i n n i n g i s u s u ally at le as t 40%o v e r t h e g e n e r ally r e as o n ab l

39、epr i c e.It c an b e u p t o 50 0%o v e r.DO h av e an i de a o f w h at t h e i t e m c o s t s.Y o u c an as k y o u rfr i e n ds,pe o ple i n t h e h o t e l o r o t h e r s y o u k n o w,o r lo o k at t h e li s tb e lo w.Th i s i s v e r y g e n e r al an d i s b as e d（根据）o n a m ar k e t li

40、k eXi u Sh u i.Y o u m a y n o t b e ab le t o g e t t h e lo w e s t pr i c e s at Xi uSh u i,e s pe c i ally o n a w e e k e n d w h e n t h e r e ar e lo t s o f t o u r i s t sar o u n d.56.W h o i s t h i s pas s ag e w r i t t e n fo r?A.Ow n e r s o f b ac k-s t r e e t s h o ps.B.Bu s i n e

41、s s m e n i n Be i j i n g.C.Th o s e w h o ar e g o o d at b ar g ai n i n g.D.Th o s ew h o t r av e l i n Be i j i n g.57.Wh at i s t h e t o pi c t h e w r i t e r i s m ai n ly t alk i n g ab o u t i nthis passage?A.Beijing markets,B.Bargainingtips.C.Lowest price s.D.Seller，s offer.58.What is t

42、he most important thing to do in bargaining withthe seller?A.Keep smiling.B.Be patient.C.Dont get angry.D.Dont sayanything.59.What is NOT included in the tips often used to bargain inBeijing?A.Find out the true price and go to the markets withfriends.B.Dont offer your price until the end of the barg

43、ainingwith a smile.C.Drop the sellerf s offering price four or five times(fn)until he agrees.D.Don，t go to markets at the time when there are toomany tourists.60.Which of the following can help you get an item youwant at the lowest price?A.Whenever you go shopping,take a price list with you.B.Y o u

44、c an b ar g ai n fo r an y t h i n g at t h e pr i c e o f 1 0 RMB.C.Th e pr i c e r an g e（范围）fo r y o u t o b ar g ai n i s u s u allyb e t w e e n 40%an d 50 0%.D.Xi u Sh u i Mar k e t i s t h e b i g g e s t s h o ppi n g c e n t e r w h e r epr i c e s ar e alw ay s r e as o n ab le.（2 0 0 8年湖北

45、省宜昌市初中毕业生学业考试）（3）C.Ch o o s e t h e b e s t an s w e r（根据短文内容，选择最恰当的答案）：（6分）Th e t r adi t i o n o f b i r t h day par t i e s s t ar t e d a lo n gt i m e ag o.Th e r e ar e s o m e t r adi t i o n s t h at y o u c anfi n d alm o s t an y w h e r e,an y t i m e,s u c h as s e n di n gb i r t h day

46、c ar ds,b lo w i n g o u t t h e c an dle s o n a b i r t h day c ak e an ds i n g i n g t h e 4 Happy Bi r t h day s o n g.Ot h e r s ar e o n ly fo u n d fo rc e r t ai n ag e s an d i n c e r t ai n c o u n t r i e s.In Ch i n a,o n a c h i ld s s e c o n d b i r t h day,fam i ly m e m b e r s pu

47、 tm a n y t h i n g s o n t h e flo o r ar o u n d t h e c h i ld.Ac c o r di n g t o Ch i n e s et r adi t i o n,t h e fi r s t t h i n g t h at t h e c h i ld pi c k s u p t e lls y o u w h atpr o fe s s i o n t h e c h i ld w i ll c h o o s e lat e r i n li fe.Fo r Japan e s e c h i ldr e n,t h e

48、 t h i r d,fi ft h an d s e v e n t h b i r t h day sar e e s pe c i ally i m po r t an t.At t h i s ag e,t h e r e i s a s pe c i alc e le b r at i o n Sh i c h i-Go-San (s e v e n,fi v e,t h r e e i n Japan e s e)w h e n c h i ldr e n g o t o t h e t e m ple w e ar i n g a n e w k i m o n o (和 月 艮

49、).Th e pr i e s t (僧侣)g i v e s t h e m s pe c i al s w e e t s,an d t h e par e n t su s u ally o r g an i z e a par t y fo r t h e i r fr i e n ds i n t h e i r h o m e.In Ar g e n t i n a,Me x i c o an d s e v e r al o t h e r Lat i n Am e r i c anc o u n t r i e s,g i r ls h av e a s pe c i al b

50、 i r t h day c e le b r at i o n w h e n t h e yr e ac h t h e ag e o f fi ft e e n.Aft e r a s pe c i al c e r e m o n y (仪式),t h eg i r ls dan c e a w alt z w i t h t h e i r fat h e r an d o t h e r b o y s.Ei g h t e e n i s t h e t r adi t i o n al c o m i n g o f ag e -t h e ag e w h e n(i n m