备战2020英语短文填空之自由填空专项训练.pdf

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1、备战 2020 英语短文填空之自由填空专项训练【解题指导】短文填空中的自由填空是各地中考英语当中一个重要题型，做法与首字母填空和选词填空的方法基本相同。1.首先通读短文，充分理解短文的意思，注意查找学习过的固定搭配关系，并凭借语感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息，确定词性，然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案。2.在选定单词时，要仔细斟酌，既要符合本句的含义，又要保证句式结构的正确。如果词性为名词，要考虑是否要把它变成复数或“所有格”形式，是否需要变成形容词；在填写动词时，要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化(动词不定式-to do，现在分词-doing，过去分词-

2、done，固定搭配enjoy doing sth./used to do sth./have sth.done)；如果是形容词和副词填空，要主动去判定是否需要变成比较级或高级，还有它们之间的相互转换以及形容词变名词也需考虑；填入代词时，需注意辨别主格、宾格、名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法；如果填入数词，则要注意基数词和序数词的变化以及分数的用法。3.做完以后，最后要再认真读一遍，检查所填写的单词是否与文章要求相符，文章是否通顺，前后是否呼应，有无句型结构及语法错误。【真题演练】Passage 1（2019 重庆 A）I recently turned 30.Thinking back

3、 what Ive experienced,I took some time to write myself some advice.Trust Even if it kills your relationship.Even if you lose your friends.Even if it means you end up getting hurt._1_ people even if they give you a reason not to.But don t be too naive(幼稚).Some people are out to hurt you.People People

4、 are the best and _2_ thing that will happen to you.Some will help you go further and faster.Others will pull you down to their level and make you lose.Most are OK.Many are average.Some are excellent.You dont need a lot of people or friends around you.You need amazing people who help you just _3_ yo

5、u help them.Only a few people will change your life forever.Find _4_.Value time Don t waste time on people who cheat you.Value other peoples _5_.Don t be late.That means that if youre late,you dont care about them or their time.And that also means you think you re worth more and therefore(因此)keep th

6、em _6_.Some people will tell you that its OK to be late.Its not.Fail Fail.Fail a lot.Fail often.Fail in making friends.Fail in work._7_ please dont lose your heart!Learn a lesson.If you don t learn something when you fail,then all youve done is failed.If you learn something,then youve grown.Every ti

7、me you grow and fail and learn,you become better at finding out the way to _8_.Passage 2（2019 岳阳）Music is good for us According to the new study（研究）from the World Health Organization（WHO），music can 9 us happier and healthier For example，when I feel tired，listening to some classical music helps me re

8、lax When Im down，I prefer pop music 10 of hope and energy（能量）11 is easy for me to fall asleep with soft musicSome doctors have found a fact people 12 love music may live longerNear my neighborhood，a man and 13 wife own a small music house with mood music（情调音乐）Teenagers like to spend time here while

9、musicians are 4 different kinds of music Sometimes，we are lucky to hear some famous singers sing songs written 15 感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要themselves The songs are 16 beaut

10、iful that we sing along with them We communicate with one another in this special language The most moving music is Chinese folk music It 17 only reminds us of the old days but also brings us sweet memoriesEvery one of us，rich or poor，young or old，may have at 18 one favorite song Music will be toget

11、her with us foreverPassage3（2019 重庆 B）You ve been here in China for a few days,and you may notice that Chinese people can sometimes be very direct.But dont be fooled into thinking you can_19_anything you like to them.Here are a few things foreigners_20_China should never say.Have you been on vacatio

12、n?You look so tanned(晒黑的)!While many people in the West grow up with the idea that dark skin is a sign of beauty,this is not true in China.That explains_21_umbrellas are just as common on sunny days as they are on rainy days here.I really love China,butDon t finish that_22_.No place can be perfect.I

13、t s fine if you say something impolite about your_23_country,but dont do it about someone elses.This doesn t just happen in China,but it s fair to say the Chinese people show more love to their country.I think Chinese food is the best food in the world.What s that?As everyone in China should already

14、 know this,saying that you love Chinese food is like saying that sugar is_24_or ice is cold.Its won t hurt anybody,but they may think you know_25_about their food culture.Since there are many different kinds of Chinese food,it sounds better to talk about the local food that you like most.Keep them i

15、n mind and_26_your stay in China!Passage 4（2019 广东）Last winter holiday,I visited a village with only 11 houses._27_ the village was very small,I spent a whole day in it.The village became popular because _28_ Grandpa Huangs hard work.He bought a house there over 30 years _29_,but in 2010 the village

16、 was to be pulled down.In order to save the old village,Grandpa Huang painted on the walls of _30_ own house and other houses.He painted 感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要things tha

17、t he liked.In the village,there were many paintings of _31 _,such as cats and birds.The most popular paintings for visitors were of famous people.One of them was a picture of Andy.He and my _32_ singer.I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to _33_ a photo of that painting and me.On the ground o

18、f the village,Grandpa Huang has painted _34_ lot of well-known Chinese sayings.From them,Grandpa Huang learned to live a long and happy _35_.I really had a good time in the village _36_ wished to visit it again.感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式

19、的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要【答案与解析】Passage 1 1.Trust【解析】结合本段的小标题“Trust”和内容尤其是空格后表示让步关系的even if可推知，此处指即使人们给你理由让你不去信任他们，你也要去信任他们。2.worst【解析】结合本段的后两句可推知，（遇见）不同的人会对你不同的影响，一些人会帮你走得更好或更快，一些人会拉低你的层次并让你遭受损失，故此处指（遇见不同的）人是将会发生在你身上最好和最坏的事情。3.as/like【解析】结合空格前后内容可推知，此处指你需要了不起的

20、人，他们帮助你就像你帮助他们一样。连词as/like 在此意为“如同；像一样”。4.them【解析】此处用 them 指代上文提到的那些将会永远改变你的生活的极少数的人。5.time【解析】结合本段的小标题“Value time”和空格后面的两句话可推知，此处指要珍惜他人的时间。6.waiting【解析】结合上下文内容可推知，此处指迟到意味着你认为你值得更多并且因此让他们等你，故此处填waiting。7.But【解析】空格前后的内容之间存在转折关系，故用but。此处指尽管在失败多次，经常失败，在交友和工作中遇到失败，但请不要失去你的信心。8.success/succeed【解析】结合上文可推知

21、，此处指如果你能从失败中学习并成长，那么你就更善于寻找到成功的道路。the way to success/succeed意为“成功之道”。Passage 2 9.make【解析】考查动词。根据意思：音乐可以使我们更快乐、更健康。make+adjcan后面加动词原形，故填make。10.full【解析】考查形容词。根据意思：当我情绪低落时，我喜欢充满希望和能量的流行音乐。充满full of，故填 full。11.It【解析】考查代词。根据意思：我很容易在轻柔的音乐中入睡it is+adj+for sb to do 对某人来说干某事是的，故填It。12.who【解析】考查疑问代词。根据意思：一些医

22、生发现了一个事实热爱音乐的人可能活得更长。定语从句，先行词是人，故用who。13.his【解析】考查代词。根据意思：在我家附近，一个男人和他的妻子拥有一个有情调音乐的小音乐屋。他的妻子，故用his。感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要14.playing 考查动词。根据意思：音乐家则在这里演奏不同种类的音乐。现在进行时态，be

23、doing，故填 playing。15.by 考查介词。根据意思：有时，我们很幸运地听到一些著名的歌手唱自己写的歌。某人自己by oneself，故填 by。16.so 【解析】考查形容词。根据意思：这些歌是如此美，我们与他们一起唱so.that 如此以至于，故填so。17.not【解析】考查副词。根据意思：它不仅让我们想起过去的日子，而且带给我们美好的回忆。not only.but also 不但而且，故填not。18.least【解析】考查形容词。根据意思：我们每个人，无论贫富，无论老少，都可能至少有一首最喜欢的歌。至少at least，故填 least。Passage3 19.say【解

24、析】句意：但不要愚昧地认为你对他们想说什么就说什么。根据后面的句子“Here are a few things foreigners_19_China should never say.”可知，短文介绍了外国人在中国最忌讳说的一些话，不是想说什么就说什么，情态动词say 后跟动词原形，故答案为 say。20.in【解析】句意：这里有一些外国人在中国不应该说的话。in China 在中国，故答案为 in。21.why【解析】句意：这就解释了为什么雨伞在晴天和雨天一样常见。explain“解释”，中国人不喜欢皮肤黑，在晴天也打着雨伞，这也是雨伞在晴天和雨天一样常见的原因，故答案为why。22.se

25、ntence(complaint)【解析】句意：不要说出那样的话（抱怨）。that 是指前面的“I really love China,but”，是一句抱怨的话，故答案为sentence(complaint)。23.own【解析】句意：如果你对自己的国家说些不礼貌的话没关系。在形容词性物主代词所修饰的名词前面加上own，表示“某人自己的”，故可以添加own。24.sweet【解析】句意：说你喜欢中国菜，就像说出糖很甜或冰很冷一样。根据“ice is cold”判断，此处是让你说出事物的属性特征，糖给我们的印象肯定会是甜的，故答案为 sweet。25.nothing/little【解析】句意：但

26、他们可能会认为你对他们的饮食文化一无所知。根据前面的句意“说你喜欢中国菜，就像说出糖很甜或冰很冷一样”理解可知，好像说出这样的话跟没说一样，会让中国人认为自己对他们的饮食文化一无所知。故答案为感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要nothing/little。26.enjoy【解析】句意：要记住它们，祝你在中国过得愉快！并列连词a

27、nd 前后连接的是两个祈使句，需要填写动词原形，短文是写给外国游客的，最后要献上祝福的话：祝您在中国过得愉快！enjoy“享受的乐趣，过得快活”。Passage 4 27 Although/Though【解析】此句的前后内容之间存在让步关系，故用表示让步关系的 although和 though。此句意为“虽然这个村子很小，但我在里面度过了一天的时光。”28.of【解析】短语because of意为“因为，由于”，后接名词（短语）、代词或动名词等。Grandpa Huangs hard work是名词短语。29.ago【解析】结合语境可推知，此处指在30 多年前，黄爷爷在那里买了一所房子。ago

28、 意为“以前，以往”，与一般过去时连用。30.his【解析】结合空格后的“own house and other houses”可推知，此处指黄爷爷他自己的房子，故用his。31.animals【解析】结合空格后的“such as cats and birds”，此处指很多动物的画。32.favo(u)rite【解析】结合下一句“I liked him so much that I asked a visitor to.a photo of that painting and me.”可推知，Andy 是“我”最喜爱的歌手。33.take【解析】短语take a photo of.意为“给拍照

29、片”。此处指给“我”和那幅画拍一张照片。34.a【解析】短语a lot of 意为“很多”。35.life【解析】结合上一句可推知，黄爷爷从这些中国谚语中学习去过长寿且幸福的生活。live a long and happy life意为“过着长寿且幸福的生活”。36.and【解析】and 在此处表示并列，连接两个并列的谓语动词。感积极主动地猜测空格中所缺的信息确定词性然后根据需要在自己所掌握的词汇中寻找匹配的答案在选定单词时要仔需要变成形容词在填写动词时要有意识地去考虑时态和语态的变化以及非谓语动词形式的变化动词不定式现在分词过容词变名词也需考虑填入代词时需注意辨别主格宾格名词性和形容词性物主代词或反身代词的用法如果填入数词则要