人教版初中英语八年级下册UNIT5考点汇总.docx

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1、人教版初中英语八年级下册UNIT5考点汇总What were you doing when the rainstorm came?暴风雨来临时你在做什么？单词归纳：alarm闹钟against倚；碰；撞asleep睡着begin(began, begun)开始heavily在很大程度上；大量地rise(rose, risen)升起;增加；提高suddenly突然；忽然fallen倒下的;落下的strange奇特的；奇怪的icy覆盖着冰的；冰冷的realize理解;领会;认识到storm暴风雨kid开玩笑；欺骗wind 风light光；光线;光亮completely彻底地；完全地report报道

2、;公布passage章节；段落要点精析pick up为“动词+副词”型短语，意为“接电话”，相当于pick up the phone,当用代词作宾语时，代词必须放中间。例:The phone is ringing.Could you please pick up for me?电话响了。请你帮我接一下，好吗？知识拓展pick up还可意为“捡起；接（某人）例:My ruler is under your desk.Please pick it up for me.我的尺子在你的桌子底下。请帮我捡起来。Can you pick me up at the airport?你能到机场接我吗?6.1

3、called again at eight and you didnt answer then either.我8点钟又打电话，你那时也没接。要点精析此处either作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句中。例:Jenny wont go and Bill wont g。,either.珍妮不去，比尔也 不去。辨析:either, also 与 tooeither也，用于否定句中，一般放在句末also也，一般用于肯定句或疑问句中,常放在句中t。也，一般用于肯定句或疑问句中，常放在句末，其前常用逗号 隔开例:Mary didnt come to school yesterday, either.玛丽昨天

4、也没 来学校。She speaks English and she also speaks French.她说英语,也说 法语。Are you going to work,too?你也去上班吗？知识拓展either作代词，意为“（两者中的）一个二例:You can keep one of the photos. Either of them-whichever you like.你可以保留一张照1。两张里任选一张一一拣你喜欢的。7. So while you were sleeping, I called Jenny and she helped me.因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电话给珍妮，她帮

5、了我。要点精析此处while作从属连词，意为当的时候，在期间”，引导 时间状语从句。其谓语动词必须为延续性动词。它强调主句的动作在从 句动作的过程中发生，或者主句的动作与从句的动作同时发生，且持续 时间一般较长。例:He fell asleep while he was listening to music.他在听音乐时睡着了。While we were talking, he came in.我们在谈话时，他进来了。辨析:while 与 whenwhile当的时候在期间，其谓语动词必须为延续性动词，常用于过去进行时态中when当的时候”，其谓语动词可以是延续性动词，也可以是非延续性动词知识拓

6、展while与when在过去进行时中位置的转换：例:While John was playing the pianozMary left the house.约翰在弹钢琴时，玛丽离开了家。=John was playing the piano when Mary left the house.当玛丽离开家时，约翰在弹钢琴。链接中考 （黑龙江哈尔滨中考）-What were you and your father doing at7:00 yesterday evening?-I was doing my homework my father was reading newspapers.A.

7、when B.as soon as C. while解析:when意为当时;as soon as意为一就;while 意为当时。结合问句句意”昨天晚上7点钟你和你的父亲在做什么？ 可知答语句意为我在做家庭作业，我父亲在看报纸”。此处主句和从句 的动作同时发生，且均用了过去进行时，应用while引导时间状语从句, 而不用wheno选Co8. With no light outside, it felt like midnight.外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。要点精析1light作不可数名词,意为“光;光亮;光线“。例:He read the letter by the light of th

8、e candle in the past.他过去在烛光下读那封信。知识拓展light作可数名词，意为“电灯；光源二例:Ahead of us we could see the lights of the city.在我们的前方，我们能看到城市的灯光。light作形容词，意为“轻的；浅色的“。例：Is the box heavy or light?那个箱子是重的还是轻的？You look nice in light colors.你穿浅色很好看。light(lit/lighted)作动词，意为“点燃;照亮二例:I couldnt get the candles to light.我点不着蜡烛。要

9、点精析2outside作副词，意为在外面，其反义词为insideo例:Please wait outside.请在外面等候。Its warmer outside than in this room.外面比在这间屋子里暖和。知识拓展outside还常作介词，意为“在的外面:例:You can park your car outside our house.你可以把小汽车停在我们家外面。9. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and r

10、adio wereworking.本的爸爸正在把一块块木头钉在窗户上（加），同时他妈妈正在确认手电筒和收音机都能正常使用。要点精析1wood作不可数名词，意为“木；木头；木材二a piece of wood 意为一块木头”。例：Her house was made of wood.她家的房子是木头建的。He put some wood in the fire他往火里添了些木柴知识拓展wood作可数名词，意为“树林，常用复数形式。例：She is afraid to walk through the woods at night.她害怕晚 上经过那片树林。【助记】woods树林wood木材要点精

11、析2make sure意为“务必；确保；确认后面常接that从句或of短 语。例:He made sure that all the lights were turned off before hewent to bed.他确保所有的灯都关了才上床睡觉。We must make sure of it.我们必须把这件事弄明白。10. Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rainbegan to beat heavily against the windows.当雨开始对着窗户猛烈地敲打时，本在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。要点精析1beat（beat,

12、beaten）作不及物动词，意为“敲打；（多次或连续）撞 击，拍打；（心脏脉搏等）跳动”。例:Sid beat on the door with his hand锡德用手拍门。The rain is beating heavily against the window.雨在猛击窗户。Jennifers heart was beating fast.珍妮弗的心跳得很快。知识拓展beat作及物动词，意为打；敲；打败二例：Whos beating the drum?谁在敲鼓？We beat them by 112我们以11比2打败了他们。辨析:beat与winbeat指打败“击败，后面常跟人或某个队

13、 win指赢了获胜”，后面常跟奖品或名次例：He beat me at chess.他下国际象棋赢了我。Britain won five gold medals.英国夺取了五块金牌。要点精析2against作介词，此处意为“碰；撞；倚；靠”。例:The rain beat against the car windscreen.雨打在汽车挡风玻 璃上。Put the piano there, with its back against the wall.把钢琴放在 那里，背靠着墙。He leaned against the tree.他靠着树。知识拓展against作介词，还可意为“反对；违反；

14、对抗、例:They are against the plan.他们反对这个计划。That is against the law.那是违;去的。They are playing basketball against Class 4.他们在和 4 班打篮 球对抗赛。链接中考（浙江杭州中考）Ben was helping his mother when the rain began to beat heavilyA .below B. across C. behind D. against解析:below意为在下面解across意为横过;在对面;behind意为在后面 ；against意为碰，撞。句

15、意为本正在帮他 妈妈，这时雨开始重重地拍打在窗户上二beat against意为反复在上拍打，拍击，故选Do11. After dinner, they tried to play a card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happening outside.晚饭后，他们原本想打牌，但外面的暴风雨太大了，很难有心情打牌了。要点精析1此处try作及物动词，意为“试图；努力二例：He tried to control his voice.他尽量控制他的声音。Try not to break it.尽量不要弄破它。知识

16、拓展try作不及物动词，意为尝试。例:He tried but didnt succeed.他试了试，但没成功。try作可数名词，意为“尝试；努力”。例：Im going to have try.我想试试。常见的与try相关的短语有：try on试穿，试戴“；try out试验辨析:try to do sth.与 try doing sth.try to do sth.“努力去做某事；试图去做某事“，但不一定能成功 try doing sth.“试着（用某种方法或手段）做某事”要点精析2have fun 为定短语，意为玩得开心；玩得愉快，相当于短语have a good time 或 enjo

17、y oneselfo例：Have fun!尽情玩吧!We are having great fun boating in the lake.我们在湖里划船很开心。12. He finally fell asleep when the wind was dying down ataround 3: 00a.m.在大约凌晨3点风正逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了。要点精析1fall asleep为固定短语，意为进入梦乡，睡着。例:She was very tired so she fell asleep soon.她很累，因此很快就睡着了。要点精析2die down为固定短语，意为逐渐变弱；逐渐消失。例:T

18、he loud music died down after the police came.警察来了之后，吵闹的音乐声逐渐变弱了。Dont worry. The gossip will soon die down.别担心。流言；K语不久就会平息。13. When he woke up, the sun was rising.当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。要点精析1wake up是动词+副词型短语，意为“醒来；把弄醒可以不带宾语，也可以接名词或代词作宾语。例:She wakes up early every morning.她每天早晨醒得很早。Ill wake you up when its tim

19、e to leave.到走的时候我会叫醒你。要点精析2rise(rosef risen)作不及物动词，意为上升；升起二 例:The river rose yesterday afternoon.昨天下午;可水上芯长了。The moon was rising when I went home.我回家时，月亮正在升 起。辨析:rise 与 raiseise”升起；提高；增加“，作不及物动词，主语常为物raise使升起；提高；增加，作及物动词，主语常为人14. Although the storm broke many things apart, itbrought families and nei

20、ghbors closer together.虽然这场暴风雨破坏了许多东西，但是它把家人和邻居们的距离拉得更近了。要点精析breakapart意为把打断；把分开。例:The strong wind broke the branches apart.强风把树枝折断ToRumors broke the two close friends apart.谣言把两个亲密的朋 友分开了。15. leave the house 离开家要点精析leave动词，意为“离开”。例：The bus leaves at 8:00 a.m. every day.公共汽车每天上午 8 点曷开。知识拓展wood木;木头 r

21、ecently不久前；最近window窗;窗户silence沉默；绒默;无声match火柴truth实情;事实beat(beat, beat)敲打;打败date日期；日子短语归纳right away 立亥!;马上pick up接电话go off(闹钟)发出响声take down拆除；往下拽；记录make ones way前往;费力地前进die down逐渐变弱；逐渐消失take shower 洗淋浴tell the truth 说实话in silence沉默；无声in mess凌乱不堪;乱七八糟clean up打扫干净point out 指出用法归纳leave的常用搭配：leave for+地

22、点动身前往某地例:When will he leave for Beijing?他将什么时候动身去北京?“leave+地点+for.”离开某地前往例:Mary is leaving Dalian for Jinan tomorrow.玛丽明天要离开 大连去济南。16. The roads were icy because of the heavy snow from the night before.由于前天晚上的大雪，路面是结满冰的。要点精析icy形容词，意为“结满冰的；冰冷的；冷淡的”。例：Its not easy to walk on the icy roads.在结满冰的路面上行 走不

23、容易。Because of the icy street,they cant drive the car.因为街上结满 了冰他们不能开车。知识拓展英语中，一些与天气有关的名词，加后缀-y可构成相应的形容词。frost霜-frosty结霜的cloud云cloudy多云的rain雨-rainy下雨的snow 雪snowy 下雪的wind风-windy有风的Section B知识点精析17. When the school basketball competition started, Katewas still making her way to school.当学校篮球比赛开始的时候，凯特还在去

24、学校的路上。要点精析make ones way to意为（艰难地）前进;朝前行二例:We slowly made our way to the mall through the crowd.我们穿过人群慢慢地朝商场走去。知识拓展有关way的短语：by the way顺便说一下in a way在某种程度上lose ones way 迷路in the/ones way 挡路;妨碍on the way在路上on ones way to在去的路上18. On this day. Dr. Martin Luther King was killed.在这一天，马丁路德金博士被杀害了。要点精析1was ki

25、lled意为被杀害，是一般过去时的被动语态。一般过去时 的被动语态由“助动词was/were+过去分词”构成。当句子的主语为动 作的承受者或不清楚动作的执行者是谁时，可用被动语态来表示。例：A lot of people were killed in the accident.许多人在事故中丧生了。The bridge was built last year by workers.这座桥是去年被工人 们修建的。19. My parents did not talk after that, and we finished the rest of our dinner in silence.在那之

26、后，我的父母不再讲话，然后我 们默默地吃完剩余的晚饭。要点精析2the rest of意为“剩余的”the rest of+名词”作主语时，谓 语动词的数应与of后的名词的数保持一致。例：Does anyone want the rest of this pizza?有人想要这剩余的 比萨饼吗？Tom is from Britain and the rest of us are from China.汤姆来自英国，我们其余的人来自中国。要点精析3in silence意为“沉默，无声”。其中silence是不可数名词，意为“沉 默；绒默；无声其形容词形式为silent,意为“寂静的；无声的“。例

27、：The four men sat in silence.这四个人沉默地坐着。She is eating dinner in silence.她默默地吃着晚饭。20. More recently, most Americans remember what they were doing when the World Trade Center New York was taken down by terrorists.更近地，大多数美国人都记得当纽约世贸大楼被恐怖分子摧毁时， 他们正在做什么。要点精析take down意为拆掉；拆除。was taken down是一般过去时 的被动语态，意为“被

28、拆除二例:Could you please help me take down this tent?你能帮我 拆除这顶帐篷吗？知识拓展take down还可意为“写下，记下二例:I forgot to take down his telephone number.我忘了t己下他 的电话号码了。5.1 didnt believe him at firstf but then 1 looked out of thewindow and realized that it was true.起初，我不相信他，但随后我朝窗外看去，才意识到情况是真的。要点精析1at first意为首先；最初，多用于句首或

29、句末，暗示与后来的情况或动作不同，其反义短语为at last。例:The work was hard at first,but got used to it.起初这活儿很累，不过我习惯了。要点精析2realize动词，意为认识到；了解到不用于进行时态，其后可接名词,代词或从句作宾语。例:He didnt realize his mistake.他没有认识到自己的错误。The man laughed when he realized what happened.当那个人意识到发生了什么时，便笑了起来。知识拓展realize动词，意为“实现（梦想、愿望等）例:Mike finally realiz

30、ed his dream of being an actor.迈克当演员的梦想终于实现了。6.1 was so scared that 1 could hardly think clearly after that.我是如此害怕，以至于我几乎不能清楚地想起那之后的事了。要点精析1scared形容词，意为“害怕的强惧的“常作表语近义词为afraido例:She is scared of mice.她害怕老鼠。I am scared to go out alone at night.我害怕晚上独自出去。辨析:scared 与 scaryscared形容词,主语一般是人，意为“感到害怕的” scar

31、y形容词，主语一般是“事或物，意为“令人害怕的“要点精析2hardly副词，意为“几乎不；几乎没有“，表示否定含义。例:He hardly watches TV.他几乎不看电视。She was so excited that she could hardly sleep.她如此兴奋，以至于几乎不能入睡。辨析:hardly 与 hardhardly副词，意为“几乎不hard作形容词，意为“难的；硬的“；作副词，意为“努力地；猛烈 地”链接中考仙东滨州中考）I could control my feelings at the moment.The song brought back so many

32、 childhood memories.A. hardly B. really C. clearly D. nearly解析：hardly意为几乎不；really意为“真正地；clearly意为清 楚地 yearly意为几乎二由下句句意这首歌带回了如此多的童年记忆” 及所给选项可知此处应表示此刻我几乎不能控制我的感情，故用 hardlyo选 A。7. September 11f2001 -the date alone means some- thing to most people in the US.2001年9月11曰一一仅是这个曰期对美国的大多数人来说就意味 着某事。要点精析此处alon

33、e作副词，意为“只有；仅仅常用于名词或代词之后。例:You alone can help me.只有你才能帮助我。辨析：alone 与 onlyalone只有；仅仅要放在被修饰的名词或代词之后only”只有；仅仅“，要放在所修饰的名词或代词之前8.1 had trouble thinking clearly after that because was very afraid.我难以清楚地想起那之后的事，因为我很害怕.要点精析have trouble(in) doing sth.为定结构，意为“做某事有困难或麻烦二 表示类似意思的结构还有：have problems/difficulty (i

34、n) doing sth.o例:Thousands of people have trouble falling asleep.成千上万的人都有难以入睡的困扰。He had no trouble finding a job.他毫不费劲地找到了一份工作。9. But when 1 pointed it out to my friend, it went away.但当我向朋友指出它时，它消失了。要点精析1point out意为“指出，是动词+副词”型短语，人称代词作宾语时 应放在动词之后,副词之前。例:There is a mistake in this sentence.Can you poi

35、nt it out?这个句子中有一处错误。你能把它指出来吗？要点精析2go away意为离去”。例:I went away wondering if Id said the wrong thing.我走开了，想着我是否说错了话。He went away from his family,他离家出走了。10. While my brother was laughing, the television news reported that other people had seen the light as well.当我哥哥在笑的时候，电视新闻报道别人也已经看见了那道亮光。要点精析1had see

36、n为过去完成时结构，过去完成时表示在过去某个时间或动 作之前就已经发生或完成了的动作，由“助动词had+过去分词”构成。例:I realized that I had left my homework at home.我意识到我已经把作业忘在家里了。The film had begun when he got to the cinema.当他到达电影院时，电影已经开始了。要点精析2as well意为“也，还”，只用于疑问句或肯定句中，常放在句末。例：Why dont you come along as well?你为什么不也一起来呢？ She speaks Japanese as well.她

37、也说日语。辨析:as well 与 as well asas well也，还，相当于一个副词as well as 既又;不仅而且:作并列连词 人教版（新标准）初中英语课文参考翻译八年级下册Unit 5Section ALanguage Goals: Talk about past events; Tell a story语言标：谈论过去的事情；讲故事What were people doing yesterday at the time of the rainstorm?昨天暴风雨时人们在做什么？2d.Role-play the conversation分角色表演对话。Mary: What w

38、ere you doing last night, Linda? I called at seven and you didnt pick up.玛丽：琳达，昨晚你在做什么？我7点钟打电话，你没有接。Linda: Oh. I was in the kitchen helping my mom.琳达：哦，我在厨房帮我妈妈。Mary: I see. I called again at eight and you didnt answer then either.玛丽：我明白了。我8点钟又打电话，你那时也没接。Linda: What was doing at eight? Oh, I know. W

39、hen you called.I was taking a shower.琳达：8点钟我在做什么呢？哦，我知道了。当你打电话时，我在洗淋浴。Mary: But then I called again at nine.玛丽：但后来我在9点钟又打电话。Linda: Oh. I was sleeping at that time.琳达：哦，那时我在睡觉。Mary: So early? Thats strange.玛丽：那么早？那很奇怪。Linda: Yeah. I was tired. Why did you call so many times?琳达：是的，我累了。你为什么打那么多次电话呢？Mar

40、y: I needed help with my homework. So while you were sleeping. I called Jenny and she helped me.玛丽：我在我的作业方面需要帮助。因此在你睡觉的时候，我打电 话给珍妮，她帮了我。3a. Read the passage and answer the questions.读这篇短文，1. What was the weather like before the heavy rain started? 大雨开始之前天气怎么样？2. What was the neighborhood like after

41、the storm?暴风雨过后社区什么样？The Storm Brought People Closer Together暴风雨把人们的关系拉近了Ben could hear strong winds outside his home in Alabama.Black clouds were making the sky very dark. With no light outside, it felt like midnight. The news on TV reported that a heavy rainstorm was in the area.1 . be busy doing

42、sth.忙于做某事2 .see sb./sth. doing sth.看见某人/某物正在做某事3 .begin/start to do sth.开始做某事4 .try to do sth.努力做某事5.1ts + adj.+to do sth.做某事是的。6.have trouble(in)doing sth.做某事有困难或麻烦人教版(新标准)初中英语知识点精析八年级下册UNIT5What were you doing when the rainstorm came?暴风雨来临时你在做什么？ 重点熟练运用谈论过去事情的交际用语 掌握过去进行时难点 过去进行时的构成、基本句式及用法 语法 过去进

43、行时Section A重点单词alarm闹钟begin开始heavily在很大程度上；大量地在亚拉巴马州，本能听到他家外面的强劲的风声。乌云使天空变得黑压压的。外面没有光亮，感觉就像半夜一样。电视里的新闻报道有一 场强烈的暴风雨已经到了这个地区。Everyone in the neighborhood was busy. Bens dad was putting pieces of wood over the windows while his mom was making sure the flashlights and radio were working. She also put so

44、me candles and matches on the table.社区里的每个人都在忙。本 的爸爸正在把一块块木头钉在窗户上（加固），同时他妈妈正在确认手电 筒和收音机都能正常使用。她还把一些蜡烛和火柴放在桌上。Ben was helping his mom make dinner when the rain beganto beat heavily against the windows. After dinner, they tried to play card game, but it was hard to have fun with a serious storm happen

45、ing outside.当雨开始对着窗户猛烈地敲打时本在帮助他的妈妈做晚饭。晚饭后,他们原本想打牌，但外面的暴风雨太大了，很难有心情打牌了。Ben could not sleep at first. He finally fell asleep when thewind was dying down at around 3:00 a.m. When he woke upz the sun was rising. He went outside with his family and found the neighborhood in a mess. Fallen trees, broken w

46、indows and rubbish were everywhere. They joined the neighbors to help clean up the neighborhood together. Although the storm broke many things apart, it brought families and neighbors closer together.起初本睡不着。在大约凌晨3点风正逐渐变弱时他终于睡着了。当他醒来时，太阳正在升起。他和家人一起来到外面，发现社区脏乱不堪。被吹倒的树、被砸破的窗户和垃圾随处可见他们加入到街坊邻居中去帮 着一起把社区打扫干净。虽然这场暴风雨破坏了许多东西，但是它把家 人和邻居们的距离拉得更近了。Grammar FocusWhat were you doing at eight last night?昨晚8点你在做什么？I was taking a shower.我在洗淋浴。