高考英语一轮复习（浙江用B版）课件：专题十七　概要写作.ppt

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1、inghabits.Itsbettertowriteforfifteenortwentyminuteseverydaythantositforfiveorsixhourstowriteovertheweekend.However,ifyoucanmakeadailywritingschedulewithlongerhoursonyourwritingonweekends,thenitsmuchbetter.Oneoftheworsthabitsisnevertogethelpfromotherstoimproveyourwriting.Itisadvisedthatyoushareyourwo

2、rkwithothers.Forexample,youcansendyourwritingtoafewfriends,roundupsomereadersandletthemcommentonyourwriting.Thatway,youllfindyourwritinggradu-allyimproved.答案答案写作提示文章主要讲述好的写作习惯对提高写作水平的帮助。文章结构比较清晰,以自然段为基础概括要点即可。其中第一段是主旨段,而后面的三段为具体的做法。Onepossibleversion:Goodwritinghabitscontributealottoimprovingyourwri

3、ting.(要点1)First,youshouldreadasmuchaspossibletogettheknowledgeandskillsforwriting.(要点2)Youshouldalsomakeawrit-ingplanandkeepupyourdailywriting.(要点3)Besides,youdbetterturntoothersforhelptoim-proveyourwriting.(要点4)Writing2(2018浙江金华十校一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Thefamiliaryellowschoolbusisthelargestsy

4、stemofmasstransportationintheUSandeveryschooldaytransportsroughly25millionyoungpeopletoschoolandhomeagainaftertheschooldayends.Meanwhile,itisthesafestmethodforgettingkidstoandfromschool,accordingtotheNationalHighwayTrafficSafetyAdministration(NHTSA).Childrenare70timesmorelikelytoarriveatschoolsafely

5、ontheschoolbusthaniftheyhadtraveledtoschooldrivingthemselvesorridingwithfriends.Theseschoolbusesmeetmoreofthenationsmotorvehiclesafetystandardsthananyothervehi-clesontheroad.Also,severalnewtechnologiesavailabletodayaremakingschoolbusesevensafer,suchasvideocamerasontheinsideandoutside,stoparmcameras,

6、GPStrackingandcolli-sionlesseningsystems.Anothersafetytoolonschoolbusesishighseatbacks,closely-spacedseatsandenergy-absorbingseats.Buteventhesafenessofschoolbuseswouldnotcompletelysumupwhychildrenaresaferwhenridingthebig,yellowbus.Thebusisonlyassafeastheprofessionalmenandwomenwhodrivethem.Alldrivers

7、mustobtainaClassBorCCommercialDriversLicense(CDL).Theyareran-domlytestedforalcoholanddrugs,usuallyhavetheirdrivingrecordchecked,andaregiventhesamereviewofcriminalhistoryasteachersandotheremployeeswhohavecontactwithstudents.Inordertoserveasaschoolbusdriver,mostapplicantsarerequiredtosuccessfullycompl

8、eteatrainingcourse,alongwithinstructionintheclassroomandbehindthewheel.Schoolbusesaresafefortheenvironment,notonlybecauseeachbusreplaces36passengercarsthatwould,butforthebuses,beontheroadtakingandpickingupschoolchildren.Additionally,schoolbusesusealternativegreenfuelslikenaturalgas,andelectricpower.

9、ToddMonteferrario,PresidentoftheNationalSchoolTransportationAssociation,saidparentsshouldrememberthatthesafestandsmartestchoiceistoputtheirchildrenonthebigyellowbuswhentheycan.答案答案写作提示本文是议论文。文章主要论述校车的好处。文章的结构为“总分总”模式。第一段是主题段,提出了主要观点。第二至第四段分别是具体的论据。最后一段提出结论。Onepossibleversion:Theschoolbusisthesafesta

10、ndwisestchoicetoschoolintheUS.(要点1)Firstly,schoolbusesnotonlymeethighvehiclesafetystandardsbutalsoaretechnologicallyequipped.(要点2)Secondly,thebusdrivershavetopassstrictqualificationtestsandsafetydrivingtraining.(要点3)Thirdly,schoolbuses,poweredbygreenfuelsenvironmentallysafebyreducingthenumberofpriva

11、tecarshittingtheroads.(要点4)Thereforechildrenareencouragedtogotoschoolbyschoolbus.(要点5)Writing3(2017浙江衢州高三一模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Amongallthefastgrowingscienceandtechnology,theresearchofhumangenes,orbiologicalen-gineeringaspeoplecallit,isdrawingmoreandmoreattentionnow.Discussionsaboutitarein-cre

12、asinglyheatedaroundtheworld.Thegreatestthingthatgenetechnologycandoistocureseriousdiseasesthatdoctorsatpresentcanalmostdonothingwith,suchascancerandheartdisease.Everyyear,millionsofpeoplearemurderedbythesetwokillers.Andtodate,doctorshavenotfoundaneffectivewaytocurethem.Butifthegenetechnologyisapplie

13、d,notonlythesetwodiseasescanbecuredcompletely,bring-inghappinessandmorelivingdaystothepatients,butalsothegreatamountofmoneypeoplespendoncuringtheirdiseasescanbesaved,thereforeitbenefitstheeconomyaswell.Inaddition,thehumanlifespan(寿命)canbeprolonged.Genetechnologycanhelppeopletogivebirthtohealthierand

14、clevererchildren.Somefamilieshavegeneticdiseases.Thismeanstheirchildrenwillforsurehavethefamilialdisease,whichisagreattroubleforthesefamilies.Inthepast,doctorscoulddonothingaboutgeneticdiseases.Butgenetechnologycansolvethisproblemperfectly.Scientistsjustneedtofindthewronggeneandcorrectit,andahealthy

15、childwillbeborn.Somepeopleareworryingthatthegeneresearchcanbeusedtocreatehumanbeingsinlargequan-tities.Inthepastfewyears,scientistshavesucceededincloninganimalssuchasmice,sheep,anddogs;therefore,thesepeoplepredictthathumanbabieswouldsoonbeclonedandthatitwouldbebeyondcontrol,leadingtosomedisastrousco

16、nsequences.Butmanybelievethatclonedbabieswillnotcomeoutinlargequantities,formostcouplesintheworldcanhavebabiesinaverynormalwayandtheyalsobelievemeasureswillbetakentocontrolgenetechnology.答案答案写作提示文章首先介绍了基因工程的好处。最后一段说明了一些不同的观点。在概要写作时,以自然段为概括的基础。Onepossibleversion:Genetechnologyisnowahottopicworldwide.

17、(要点1)Itcanhelppeoplecuredeadlydiseasesandallowthemtoliveahappierandlongerlifewithbettereconomicconditions.(要点2)Genetech-nologyalsomakesitpossibleforpeoplewithgeneticdiseasestogivebirthtohealthybabies.(要点3)However,somepeopleareconcernedthatgenetechnologywillbelargelyusedinhumancloningwhileothersdonts

18、eeitasaproblem.(要点4)高级语块高级语块givebirthto生出小孩;造成(某事的产生)beconcernedthat.担心Writing4(2017浙江“七彩阳光”联盟3月)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。IcantdecidewhatIwanttoeatfordinnertonight.DoIfeellikeItalianfoodorThaifood?IndianorChinese?AmericanorTurkish?Idontneedtotravelaroundtheworld;allthesechoicesareavailableinatypica

19、linnercityinAustralia.Australianfoodhasmanydifferentculturalinfluences.Overthepastcentury,peoplefrommanycountrieshavecometoAustralia.Thesemigrants(移民)havecontributedtothemeltingpot,thatis,Australianfood.“Whetheryoureaftermodern,traditionalorexoticflavors,Australiaseclecticdiningsceneof-fersawiderang

20、eoftheworldsgreatcuisines(菜肴),”theVisitVictoriawebsitenoted.SomeAustralianfamiliesmayrestricttheirdiettothebasic“meatandthreeveg”meal:onesortofmeat(chicken,beef,lamb,andsoon),alongwiththreedifferenttypesofvegetables(usuallypotatoes,peasandcarrots).Butmostpeopleenjoythevariety.IfIweretopickfourmealst

21、hateveryAustralianeats,theywouldbeItalianspaghettibolognaise(意式肉酱面),Chinesefriedrice,BritishfishandchipsandThaigreenchickencurry.ChinesestudentsinAustraliafinditeasytogetaChinesemeal.CitieslikeSydneyhavelargeChi-natowns,butmanytownsinthecountryalsohaveaChinesetakeawayrestaurant.PopularAustralian-Chi

22、nesedishesmaynotalwaysseemauthenticHoneyChicken,forexamplebutyoucanstillfinddumplingsandnoodles.Evenso,Australiahasitsown,veryAustraliansavory(可口的)dish:meatpie.Itsarealclassic!Thedishisonthemenuateveryhousepartyandsportingvenue(场所),andiseateneverymorn-ingafterabignight.Andwhocouldforgetdesserts?WeAu

23、straliansoftenfightwithNewZealandersoverwhohastherightfulclaimtothepavlova(奶油水果蛋白饼)andlamington(拉明顿巧克力椰丝方形蛋糕)desserts,bothequallydeliciousandsweet.答案答案写作提示文章主要是关于澳大利亚饮食的多元化现象。本文段落比较分散,但是其中心主旨还是很明确的。阅读时注意几个相关中心的把握。Onepossibleversion:Variouschoicesoffoodfromaroundtheworldareavailableinatypicalinnercit

24、yinAustralia.(要点1)DifferentculturalinfluencescontributetoAustralianfoods.(要点2)ButsomeAustralianfami-liesmayrestricttheirdiettomeatandthreevegwhilemostenjoyitsvariety.(要点3)ThoughChi-nesedishesareeasytogetinAustralia,Australianshavetheirownspecialdishes:meatpieanddesserts.(要点4)深度解析深度解析很多概写的文章的自然段结构就反映

25、了文章的要点线索,但是也有的文章,其自然段比较零碎,因此不能依靠自然段的结构来概要写作。这时就要考虑各个自然段在中心方面的相似度,一次来进行概括。高级语块高级语块contributeto对做出贡献佳句背诵佳句背诵VariouschoicesoffoodfromaroundtheworldareavailableinatypicalinnercityinAustralia.DifferentculturalinfluencescontributetoAustralianfoods.Writing1(2018浙江学军中学领航卷)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。CallingLa

26、tinadeadlanguageisamatterofsemantics(语义学).Therearethosewhowouldsug-gestLatinisnotdead,andthatitlivesonineverydaylanguageusedbybillionsofpeopleworld-wide.OthersarguethatbecausetherereroutineupdatesonLatinpublishedbytheRomanCatholicChurch,itisstillaliveanddeveloping.However,Latinisnolongerused,onadail

27、ybasis,bythevastmajorityofpeopleoutsideofspecificreligioussettings,wheretraditioninfluencesitsuse.Itisnolongeranyonesnativelanguage.Whileitsuseisstilltaught,Latinisnolongerconsideredtobeadevelopinglanguagetothedegreeofmostmodernlanguages.ThereasonsforLatindyingoutarenumerous.Perhapsthemostsignifican

28、tonehastodowiththedeclineoftheRomanEmpire.DuringtheRomanperiod,languagewasstandardizedtoagreaterdegree.BecauseRomewasthemostpowerfulpoliticalcountryintheWesternworldatthetime,B B组组 201 2016 62012018 8年高考模拟年高考模拟综合题组综合题组mostofthosewhohadanyambitiontosucceedhadadesiretolearnLatin.Asaresult,thelanguages

29、preadrapidly.However,thatrapidexpansionwouldeventuallybegintoplateau(处于停滞状态)andfinallydecline.Latincontinuedtobeusedduringthemedievalperiod.ThroughoutEurope,itremainedthelan-guageofchoice.However,withnothingtounitethecontinent,therewasnoneedforauniformlanguage.Soslowly,overaperiodofhundredsofyears,L

30、atinbegantochangeasdifferentregionsdevelopedtheirowndialects(方言),knownastheRomancelanguagestoday,amongwhichthemostcommonlyspokenandrecognizableareSpanish,Portuguese,ItalianandFrench.ThoughnotdirectlyrelatedtotheRomancelanguages,Latinstillhasaneffectonmanyotherlan-guages.English,forexample,whichisnot

31、oneoftheRomancelanguagesbutaGermanicone,cantracenearlytwo-thirdsofitswordsbacktoLatinroots.答案答案写作提示本文主要介绍了拉丁语的兴衰。文章有五段,每段自成一个信息群,概括要点时以段落为基础进行即可。Onepossibleversion:SomepeopleassumeLatinisalivinganddevelopinglanguageratherthanadeadone.(要点1)Butmostpeopledontuseitindailylifeanymoreexceptonspecificrelig

32、iousoccasions.(要点2)ItsgradualdisappearanceresultedfrommanyfactorsespeciallythefalloftheRomanEmpire.(要点3)WiththeRomanEmpirerisingandfalling,Latinexperienceditsexpansion,stabilityandthendecline.(要点4)AlthoughLatinchangedastheRomancelanguagescameintobeing,itstillinflu-encesmanyotherlanguages,likeEnglish

33、,today.(要点5)高级语块高级语块resultfrom由于withtheRomanEmpirerisingandfalling随着罗马帝国的兴衰expansionn.扩张stabilityn.稳定declinen.衰落Writing2(2018浙江温州二模)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Lookinsideanyfamilyhomeintheevening,andyoumightseeatypicalenoughscene:MomandDad,eachontheirownlaptoportablet,streamingmovies,catchinguponworko

34、rmaybeanswer-ingemailsontheirsmartphones.Meanwhile,onechildischattingonlinewithoneschoolfriendwhiletextinganother.Theotherisplayingavideogamewithafriendontheothersideofthecityatthesametime.Eachmemberofthefamilyistotallyabsorbedinhisorherownpieceoftech-nologies.Accordingtosomeexperts,theeffectoftechn

35、ologyonhumanrelationshipsisworryingastech-nologybecomesasubstituteforface-to-facehumanrelationships.Itappearstobethecasethatmanypeoplewouldmuchratherspendtimewiththeirelectronicgadgets(电子产品)thanwithoneanother.Youngpeoplesayitisdifficulttogettheirparentsattentionandtheyhavetocompetewithsmartphones,ta

36、bletsandothertechnologies.However,areportfromthePewInternetandAmericanLifeProjectoffersamorehelpfulanden-couragingview,suggestingthatfarfromreplacinghumancontact,technologycanactuallybetterfamilyrelationships.Justoverhalfofthe2,253peoplesurveyedagreedthattechnologyhaden-abledthemtoincreasetheirconta

37、ctwithdistantfamilymembersand47percentsaidithadim-provedthecommunicationwiththepeopletheylivedwith.Moreover,eventheclosestmembersoffamiliesneedtimeawayfromeachotheratsomepointtoseektheirowninterests.Familymem-berswhomightotherwisehavesatinseparateroomscannowbeinthesameonewhilestilloccu-pyingadiffere

38、ntmentalspace.Lookbackatourtypicalfamilysceneabove.Isitanydifferentfromfourpeoplereadingtheirownbooks?Orisitdrivingfamilyapart?Wheretechnologywillleadusremainstobeseen.Yetthereisnoneedtoworry.Asamatteroffact,howitaffectsourfamilyrelationshipsdependsonouratti-tudetowardtechnology.答案答案写作提示本文结构清楚,但是概括要

39、点时要注意文章的观点在前后有很大的转折和对比,而且其观点和我们平时的对电子产品的社会主流观点并不一致,因此在写概要前一定要读懂原文,不要受固有观点的影响。Onepossibleversion:Nowadaysfamilymembersareoftenfoundlostintheirownelectronicproducts.(要点1)Someex-pertsfearthattechnologycanaffectfamilyrelationshipsforlackofface-to-facecommunication.(要点2)However,areporthasfoundtechnologyb

40、enefitsfamilybondsinthatitmakesmemberscloserandprovidesprivatementalspaceaswell.(要点3)Actually,nottechnologyitselfbutpeoplesattitudetowardsitinfluencesfamilyrelations.(要点4)高级语块高级语块inthat因为;由于belostin沉迷于attitudetowards对的态度Writing3(2018浙江宁波重点高中联考)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Smalltalk.Chitchat.Thesearethe

41、shortconversationswehaveatparties,whilewewaitinlineatthestore,atfamilyeventsorwork.Sometimeswemakesmalltalkwithpeoplewealreadyknowbutnotwell.Oftenwehavetomakesmalltalkwithcompletestrangers.Manypeoplefindsuchsmalltalkaboutrandomtopicsdifficult.Somepeoplesaytheyhateit.Otherssaysmalltalkisawasteoftime.

42、Theymayevencallitidlechitchatoridlechatter,meaningitdoesntdoanything.Theyconsidersmalltalknotimportant.However,smalltalkisimportant.Smalltalkcanopendoorsthatmayleadtolarger,moremeaningfulconversations.Whenyoufirstmeetsomeoneortalktosomeoneyoudontknowwell,itwouldbeawkwardtobeginaconversa-tionaboutare

43、allydeeptopicsuchaswar,politicsorthemeaningoflife.Smalltalkalsogivesyouthechancetodecideifyouwanttogetknowthatpersonbetterornot.Letssayyoumakesmalltalkwithsomeoneataparty.Buttheyonlywanttotalkaboutcats.Youmaynotwanttobuildafriendshipwiththemunlessyoureally,reallylovecats.Chitchatcanalsoincreaseyourf

44、eelingofunderstanding,towardpeopleyouknowbutnotwell.Chattingwithacolleagueabouttheirchildmayhelpyoutounderstandmoreoftheirlifeoutsidetheoffice.Thiscouldhelpbuildhealthyworkrelationships.Smalltalkcouldevenhelpyourlargercommunitiesyourrelationshipswithneighbors.Exchang-ingrecipeswithaneighborinyourapa

45、rtmentbuildingmaymakehernoisesupstairseasiertolivewith.In2011,mostcommuters(通勤者)inthecityofChicagosaidtheywouldenjoy“quietcars”wheretheysataloneanddidnottalktoanybody.ResearchersattheUniversityofChicagothenaskedsomeparticipantsinastudytotalktopeoplewhilecommutingtoworkonatrain.Theyfoundthatthosewhom

46、adesmalltalkwithstrangerswerehappierthanthosewhosatalone.答案答案写作提示概要写作一般要以自然段为基础归纳概要。但是本文自然段比较多,而个别段落的中心比较接近,可以将这些相关的段落进行合并。Onepossibleversion:Althoughsmalltalkisdislikedbymanypeople,itisactuallyofvitalimportanceinourdailylife.(要点1)Firstly,smalltalkcannotonlyleadtomeaningfulconversationsbutalsohelpyo

47、udecidewhethertofurtheryourrelationship.(要点2)Besides,throughsmalltalk,youcanbuildbetterrela-tionshipswithyourcolleaguesandneighbors.(要点3)Whatsmore,researchersalsofindthatsmalltalkcanmakepeoplehappier!(要点4)高级语块高级语块beofvitalimportance具有重要的作用furtheryourrelationship推进你们的关系buildbetterrelationships建立更好的关系

48、Writing4(2017浙江温州中学3月模拟)阅读下面短文,根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。GUANGZHOUAtleast25peoplehavebeenconfirmeddeadafterTyphoonUsagimadelandfallinChinasGuangdongProvinceonSundayevening,accordingtotheprovincialfloodcontrolheadquarters.“ElectricityandwatersupplywerecutoffintheHuilaicounty,Jieyangcity,andhouseswerecol-lap

49、sedaswindspeedsatthecenterexceeded180kmperhouronSundayafternoon,”saidLiFeng,aborderpoliceofficerofthecity.IntercitytrainsbetweenGuangzhou,ShenzhenandZhuhaiweresuspendedat6pmandnearly50trains,includingthosealongthehigh-speedlinestoBeijing,ShenzhenandHongKong,willbesuspendeduntilTuesday,accordingtothe

50、GuangzhouRailwayCorporation.AtaXiechenggasstationonNationalRoad324nearShanweicity,whereatleast13ofthe25vic-timswerekilled,windswerestrongenoughtoblowcarsofftheroadandalltrafficwasstopped.ResidentLiHuolongsaidhewasonhiswayhomeinShanweiwhenthebackwindowofhiscarwasbrokenbythewind.Educationalauthorities