2019年沈阳中考英语专题复习综合阅读.pdf

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1、题型四综合阅读话题1 跨文化交际Passage 1People in different countries have different ways of doing things.Something polite in onecountry may be quite impolite in another country.Do you know how they have dinner in thefollowing countries?The Japanese diet is always plain and simple,and the dinner often leaves peopl

2、e a sense of notbeing full.If you set up the dinner in the morning,a glass of milk and a hot dog are enough.At noon,maybe a little bit richer.(A)总体来说，晚餐是最丰富的.There is rice and vegetable soup,and themost(B)key thing is that wine could only be included at night in Japan.Vodka is Russias wine,and the R

3、ussians just put vodka as a(C)sign for dinner,because nomatter who sets up the dinner,vodka cant be missed.During the dinner,the Russian people hold aglass of vodka.The first cup is usually drunk together.Singaporeans eat their dinner very cautiously,and(D)they will not invite guests if they haveunk

4、nown each other.And Singapores government officials cant accept the dinner invitation ofsociability(社交)，or(E)they will be punished.1.在文中找出两个描述日本饮食的形容词：;2.将文中画线部分(A)译成英语：3.写出文中画线部分(B)和(C)的近义词或同义词：；4.将文中画线部分(D)改写为 they will invite guests they have known eachother.5.文中画线部分(E)指代的是：【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了不同

5、的国家有不同的饮食方式。日本人的饮食一贯朴素简单，饭局上也如此：俄罗斯人无论谁设的饭局，饭局上都少不了伏特加酒；新加坡人对饭局持非常谨慎的态度，他们一般不会邀请初次见面的客人吃饭。1.plain;simple【解析】由第二段第一句The Japanese diet is always plain and simple.”可知 I I 本人的饮食朴素简单。2.Generally speaking,dinner is the richest.【解析】总体来说 generally speaking；最丰富的”应用最高级 the richest。3.important；symbol【解析】根据第二段最

6、后一句句意可知key意为“重要的”，故其同义词或近义词为important；根据第三段第一句句意可知sign意为“象征；标志”，故其同义词或近义词为symbol。4.not;until【解析】句意为：如果他们相互不熟悉，将不会邀请宾客。此句可替换为not.until句型，即直到他们熟悉彼此才会邀请宾客。5.Singapores government officials【解由最后一段的“Singapores government officials cant accept the dinner invitation ofsociability（社交）,or they will be punish

7、ed.”可知指代新加坡政府官员。Passage 2You may have heard that Elizabeth II,the Queen of Britain,recently celebrated her 70thwedding anniversary（结婚纪念 日）with her husband,Prince Philip.Thats rightthe two have beenmarried for 70 years!In the United States and Britain,70th wedding anniversaries are（A）as u platinumann

8、iversaries（伯金婚）”.In fact,there are many different terms that are used to describe differentmarriage lengths.For example,celebrating the first year of marriage is known as a u paperanniversary.Fifty years of marriage marks a“gold anniversary”.And the term udiamond（钻石）anniversaryis used（B）describe a m

9、arriage that has lasted for 60 years.People in different countries have their own ways of celebrating wedding anniveriaries.Inthe US,people give gifts to couples when they reach certain years of their marriage.The first yearanniversary is marked by giving the couple a clock.If a couple reaches their

10、 10th anniversary,theycan expect to receive diamond jewelry（珠宝）.And（D）they can get musical instruments when theyreach their 24th anniversary.In Canada and the US,couples can even receive special congratulations from world leaders oncertain anniversaries.In Canada,couples can receive a message from t

11、he country 9s governorgeneral（总督）on their 50th anniversary,and on every fifth anniversary after that.In the US,thepresident（总统）himself will send（E）a greeting to couples who reach their 50th anniversary andfor every anniversary after that.(F)它会是多么酷啊 to get a letter from the president!Or(G)perhaps the

12、 truly cool thing iscelebrating such a long life full of love and happiness with your special someone.1.在文中(A)和(B)的空白处分别填入适当的单词：;2.将文中划线部分(C)改写为：People in different countries have their own waysanniversaries.3.文中划线部分(D)指代的是：4.写出文中划线部分(E)和(G)的同义词或近义词：;5.将文中划线部分(F)译成英语：【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。不同的文化背景下，庆祝结婚纪念日的

13、方式也有所不同。文章介绍了英、美、加拿大人是如何庆祝他们不同阶段的结婚纪念日的。1 .know n;to【解析】be known a s 被认为是.故填known；be used to do sth.被用来做某事，故填to。2.to celebrate【解析】同义替换题。句意为：不同国家的人们都有他们自己庆祝结婚纪念日的方式。Way of doing sth.做 的方式；way to do sth.做某事的方式，故填to celebrate。3.The couple who reach their 10th anniversary.【解析】代词指代题。根据第三段倒数第二句If a couple

14、 reaches their 10thanniversary,they can expect to receive diamond jewelry(珠宝)可知答案。4.wish;m ay b e【解析】同义替换题。(E)处句意为：在美国，总统本人将向第五十周年纪念日的夫妇以及之后的每一次结婚纪念日送去祝福。wish愿望,祝福。Perhaps可能，maybe可能。故填wish;maybe。5.How cool would it b e【解析】句子翻译题。根据中文提示可知句子为感叹句，且中心词为形容词，故，感叹词用how。Passage 3Before my visit to the United

15、 States during summer vacation,all that I knew about the UnitedStates was that it is a large and developed country.(A)但是旅途中最吸引我的是很多指示牌.There are not only some signs warning us not to do things,as we see in China,but also some otherspecial signs.(B)At Yellowstone National Park,different signs were ev

16、erywhere.Dont feed the animals,“Dont play with wild animals,“Dont catch the fish,etc.These signs really show us the Americanpeoples respect for life and nature.To keep the ecological balance(生态平衡)，(C)they try to protectmost of their forests and bodies of water.They try to（D）all kinds of living creat

17、ures.（E）kind of special sign is the epitaphs（墓志铭）on tombstones（墓碑）.1 saw many（F）funny epitaphs near the Great Canyon in Arizona.In a bloom,on a tee,in wit&love thatsinglook for me,;“In loving memory Joe Yurosek Big Daddy from your“Heaven is alittle closer when you are on the lake.These words show re

18、latives or friends great（G）wishes andmemories of the dead,with a little sense of humor as well.During my vacation in the US,I was busy reading these signs.To some degree,I might say thatthe US is a kingdom of signs”.Do you agree?1.将文中画线部分（A）译成英语：2.将文中画线部分（B）改写为：Different signs were and at Yellowston

19、e NationalPark.3.文中画线部分（C）指代的是：4.在 文 中（D）和（E）的空白处分别填入适当的单词：；5.写出文中画线部分（F）和（G）的 近 义 词 或 同 义 词:;【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了作者在美国度假期间看到的各种类型的指示牌，通过这些指示牌，让作者对美国文化有了进一步的了解。1.But many signs attracted me most during the journey/trip【解析】但是 But 表转折，旅途中 during the journey/trip；很多指示牌many sig n s,在句中作主语；吸引attract,注意要使

20、用一般过去时。2.here;there【解析】原句意为：在黄石国家公园，到处都是不同的指示牌。everywhere和 here and there同义。故填here;there3.American people【解析】根据前一句These signs really show us the American peoples respect for life and nature.”可知此处的they 指的是 American peopleo4.protect；Another【解析】D 空所在句意为：他们尽力 所有种类的生物。根据前一句的句意可知是保护，故填protect。E 空所在句意为：种特殊

21、的指示牌是墓碑上的墓志铭。根据语境可知，上一段介绍了一种指示牌，所以此处指另一种指示牌。故填Another,注意句首单词首字母需大写。5.interesting;hope（s）【解析】funny意为“有趣的，与 interesting同 义;wishes意为 希望，与 hope（s）互为近义词。话题2 教育引导Passage 4When I was in elementary school,I got into an argument with a boy in my class.The teacherdecided to teach us a very important lesson.Sh

22、e brought us up(A)t h e front of the classroom and placed him on one side of herdesk and me on the other.In the middle of her desk was a large,round object.I could clearly see thatit was black.She asked the boy what color her object was.White,“he answered.I couldnt believe he said the object was whi

23、te,because(B)it was clearly black!Anotherargument(C)started between my classmate and me about the color of the object.The teacher asked me to stand where the boy was standing and told him to stand where I hadbeen.We changed(D)places,and now she asked me what the color of the object was.I had toanswe

24、r,“White.”It was an object whose two sides have different colors.From(E)v i e w p o i n t (视角)it was white,and from my side it was black.I have never forgotten the lesson that I learned that day.Sometimes we need to look at thematter from the other persons viewpoint(F)是为 了 truly understand his/her v

25、iew.1.在 文 中(A)和(E)的空白处分别填入适当的单词：；2.在文中找出两个描述物体形状的形容词：；3.文中画线部分(B)指代的是：4.写出文中划线部分(C)和(D)的近义词或同义词：；5.将文中画线部分(F)译成英语：【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者的老师通过让作者和一个男生站在不同的位置辨认同一个物体的颜色来教育他们不能固执己见，应该站在对方的角度考虑问题。1.to;h is【解析】bring sb.t o 把某人带到 为固定搭配，故 A 处填to。分析句子结构可知E 处应填形容词或形容词性物主代词，根据下句“my side”及句意可知此处应是his。2.large;r

26、o u n d【解析】根据第二段第二句In the middle of her desk was a large,round object.”可知答案。3.The object.【解析】根据第三段第一句I couldnt believe he said the object was white,because(B)it was clearly black!可知“it”指代“theobject”。4.began;positions【解析】started在文中的意思是 开始,与begin同义，此处为过去时,故填begin的过去式began；places在此处意为 位置，与 position为近义词

27、，此处也应用复数，故填positions。5.in order to/so as t o【解析】分析句子结构可知此处缺少介词或介词短语，in order t o 为了.为固定短语，故填in order to/soas tooPassage 5I was six years old,while my sister,Sally Kay was a three-year-old girl.For some reason,Ithought we needed to make some money.I decided to visit the neighbors,offering to clean ho

28、usesfor them for 30 cents.Everything went well.But one neighbor(A)telephoned my mother to let herknow what I were doing.“Girls,“mother asked,“why were you two telling people you would clean their houses?(B)妈妈没有生我们的气.But we said we didnt do any such thing.Mother then told us that Mrs.Joneshad just ca

29、lled and told(C)her we had been to her house.Faced with the truth,we admitted what we had done.Mother tried to explain why a fib(小谎)hurt,but she didnt feel that we really understood.Then Mother asked,“Would you two like to go tosee the movie The Matinee this afternoon?”Oh,fantasticAfter lunch,we all

30、 dressed up.Beforegetting on the bus,Mom suddenly said,“Girls,we are not going to the movie today.”“What?”Mother explained this is what a fib felt like.Mom said,“I fibbed to you just now andit felt awful to me.(D)I dont want to fib again and Im sure you dont want to fib again either.People must be a

31、ble to(E)believe each other.That is how over fifty years ago,my sister and I learned to be truthful.We have never forgottenhow much a fib can hurt people.1.写出文中画线部分(A)和(E)的 近 义 词 或 同 义 词:;2.将文中画线部分(B)译成英语：3.文中画线部分(C)指代的是：4.将文中国线部分(D)改写为：Im sure that of us want to fib.5.从文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的中心词：【主旨大意】本文是一篇

32、记叙文。叙述的是作者和她的小妹妹为了赚取零花钱向邻居撒谎。妈妈想告诉孩子们谎言会给人们带来伤害，但是孩子太小，讲大道理她们不会理解。因此这位妈妈自己向孩子说了一个谎言，让孩子感受这种被欺骗的感觉。这个教训让孩子们终身难忘，也让她们知道了人与人之间要真诚，相互信任。I.called;trust【解析】telephoned my mother译为“给我母亲打了电话“，“给某人打电话”可以表示为telephone/call sb.,根据句子时态为一般过去时，因此替换的近义词也用过去式，故填called；believe是动词，译为“相信；信任”，其近义词是trust”信任“，句中believe用的是原

33、形，因此替换的近义词也用动词原形，故填trust。2.My mother wasnt angry with u s.【解析】“和某人生气 可以译为be angry with sb.”,句子的主语是my m other,单数第三人称，因此用系动词i s,根据上下句可知时态为过去时，因此用w a s,这里表示否定，因此在b e动词后面加not,sb.这里指的是“我们，with后面用代词宾格形式，故用us。3.Mother/Mom【解析】句意：妈妈告诉我们琼斯夫人刚好打电话告诉了她我们去过她家的事情。分析句子结构可知that后的句子是一个宾语从句，做第一个told的宾语。在这个宾语从句中，第二个to

34、ld后面也是一个宾语从句，第一个told是妈妈告诉我们；第二个told是琼斯夫人告诉妈妈，因此第二个her指的是M other,故填Mother或 Mom。4.none;a g a in【解析】原句的句意：我想我以后再也不会撒谎了，我相信你们也不会再撒谎了。改为同义句意为：我相信我们中没有一个人想再说谎了。none表示“三者或三者以上都不”，故填none；again。5.A fib.【解析】文章围绕孩子“说谎”这件事，妈妈怎么教给孩子“谎言”的危害，因此中心词是“谎言”。故填Afib。Passage 6Some teens dream of a new car or over-the-top

35、party for their sweet 16,but a grandfather spentyears making a thoughtful gift for his granddaughter.When Lauren was two years old,her grandpa(A)started to take notes every time they spenttime together.He kept the habit until she was five years old,filling up three notebooks in the pastthree years.O

36、n Laurens 16th birthday,her grandfather thought she was old enough to fully appreciate(领会)the meaning of the notebooks,so he gave them to her as a gift.When Lauren realized what thegift was,she was in total shock.(B)The rest of her family were so surprised that they couldnt sayanything.Lauren posted

37、 a picture of the gift on Twitter,and(C)it has received more than 600,000comments.The notebook writes things Lauren had said or done.Her grandpa recorded his memories oftheir laughing and playing games.Throughout the stories he would repeatedly add how much heloved and cared for me,says Lauren.Laure

38、n says shell(D)cherish the gift forever-more than any other present.(E)这份礼物是我已经收到的礼物中最棒的。”1.在文中找出能说明本文主旨大意的短语：2.写出文中画线部分(A)和(D)的同义词或近义词：；3.将文中画线部分(B)改写为：The rest of her family were surprised sayanything.4.文中画线部分(C)指代的是：5.将文中画线部分(E)译成英语：【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要讲述了一位祖父为孙女准备的一份长达三年的生日礼物，这份礼物记录了他与孙女在一起的点点滴滴，

39、启发我们这些充满爱意的礼物远比物质的礼物要珍贵的多。1.A thoughtful g ift【解析】文章主要介绍了一位祖父为孙女准备的一份特殊的礼物及这份礼物的特殊意义，全文都围绕这份最棒的礼物展开。故填A thoughtful gift。2.began；value【解析】started开始，故与began同义，注意要用动词的过去式；cherish珍惜，故与valve同义。3.too；to【解析】so.that.意为如此.以至于，与 too.to 句型可以互换，此处表示太吃惊了而说不出任何东西。4.a picture of the gift on Twitter【解析】根据画线单词所在句子“L

40、auren posted a picture of the gift on Twitter,and(B)it hasreceived more than 600,000 comments.可知 it 指代的是 a picture of the gift on Twitter5.The gift/present is the greatest one Ive received.【解析】主语为 最棒的 可译为the greatest1,注意使用形容词的最高级。Passage 7Two years ago,I was passing through a slum(贫民窟)when I saw a l

41、ittle boy stealing somefruit from the wet-market stand.He was skinny with big gray eyes and messy black hair.I pulledhim aside,saying,Dont do that.Earn it yourself.The boy said unhappily,(A)没有人想雇用我“Well,set up your own business.What are you good at?”I asked.The boy said he was good atmusic and makin

42、g small things(B)like carving,painting,a little clay modeling.I gave him twenty dollars.Buy what you need,and sell what you make.You can get yoursupplies from the store over there.I pointed it out to him and he left.Yesterday I went again through that slum,visiting a friend who lived nearby.At the s

43、ame placeI found hima charming boy playing Fur Elise on a broken keyboard.(C)There was a stand behindhim,filled with beautiful carvings,wood models,and clay knickknacks(小摆设).My friend wasdelivering him a few pennies,and I recognized her.She smiled.The music he plays is(D)wonderful.His keyboard was f

44、rom a junk lot,and he said a stranger gave him twenty dollasonce.The boy noticed me,and caught everyones attention.Its the guy who gave me twenty dollarsand priceless advice two years ago.Without(E)him,Id be picking pockets now.He shook my handand said to me,“By the way,my names Zachary.Thank you.1.

45、将文中划线部分(A)译成英语：2.写出文中划线部分(B)和(D)的同义词语或近义词语：;3.将文中戈ij线部分(C)改写为:There was a stand behind h i m,b e a u t i f u l carvings,woodmodels,and clay knickknacks.4.文中划线部分(E)指代的是：5.在文中找出作者认为小男孩所给予的东西的短语：【主旨大意】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了一个小男孩从小偷转变成自力更生的人的故事。两年前作者在一个贫民窟见到一个偷东西的小男孩，于是制止了他，并给了他钱作为谋生的资本。时光飞逝，当作者再次见到这个男孩的时候，他已经成

46、为一个凭借自己的本事赚钱生活的人了。l.No one wants to hire m e.【解析】没有人用no one来表达。想要做某事是want to do s lh.,此处使用一般现在时，主语为第三单人称单数，所以谓语动词加-S.雇佣用hire来表达。2.such as;fantastic【解析】like像，比如，可以用such as来替换。wonderful美妙的，可以用fantastic来替换。3.full o f【解析】filled with充满.,相当于full of。4.the writer【解析】此处使用了直接引语，这是小男孩说的话，表示没有作者的话，他现在可能还在掏别人的腰包

47、。所以him指代的就是作者。5.twenty dollars and priceless advice【解析】根据最后一段第二句 aIts the guy who gave me twenty dollars and priceless advice twoyears ago.”可知作者给了小男孩二十美元和无价的建议。Passage 8I was six years old,while my sister,Sally Kay was a three-year-old girl.For some reason,Ithought we needed to make some money.I dec

48、ided to visit the neighbors,offering to clean housesfor them for 30 cents.Everything went well.But one neighbor（A）telephoned my mother to let herknow what we were doing.“Girls,“Mother asked,“why were you two going around the neighborhood telling people youwould clean their houses?Mother（B）没有生我们的气.Bu

49、t we said we didnt do any such thing.Surprised and terribly hurt,Mother then told us that Mrs.Jones had just called and told（C）her wehad been to her house.Faced with the truth,we admitted what we had done.Mother tried to explain why a fib（小谎）hurt,but she didnt feel that we really understood.Then Mot

50、her asked,“Would you two like to go tosee the movie The Matinee this afternoon?“Oh,fantastic!,5 After lunch,we all dressed up.Before getting on the bus,Mom suddenlystopped and said“Girls,we are not going to the movie today.“What?What do you mean?Mother held us in her arms.She explained this is what