高考英语语法填空题命题规律.pdf

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1、高考英语语法填空题命题规律一、考纲重难点给提示词词类转换以加后缓为主：名词后缀、形容词后缀、动词后缀、副词后缀、数词后缀动词谓语动词：时态、语态、主谓一致、语气；功能性动词：情态动词、助动词 系动词；非谓语动词：不定式、-mgff乡 式、过去分词；名词可数性、复数形式、格形容词比较级、最高级副词比较级、最高级不给提示词连词从属连词（从句）、并列连词（逻辑、搭配）冠词定冠词、不定冠词（含冠词的基本用法和短语中的冠词）介词简单、合成、短 语（介词与名词、动词、形容词的搭配）代词人称代词（格数性别）、非人称代词（血）物主代词、反身代词.相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词、不定代词副词逻

2、 题U词、疑问副词、后 埔 词、时间副词、地点副词、侬 词 等句式与各种句式相关的功能词二、考点归纳考点一：纯空格试题，首先分析句子结构确定填哪类词：（1）缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词或名词（多考代词）；（2）名词前面，若没有限定词,很可能是填冠词或some,any,other,another 等限定词；（3）名词、代词或动名词前面若已有限定词，一定是填介词；（4）若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能填并列连词；（5）若两句（一个主谓关系算一个句子）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填连词（含并列连词和从属连词），要根据句子结构和两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词；（6）若句子结构较完整

3、，空格后的谓语动词是原形，特别是与上下文时态不一致或主谓不一致时，很可能是填情态动词或表示强调或倒装的助动词（d。，does,did等）；(7)若缺状语，一定是填副词(在纯空格试题中考的可能性不大，即使考也常常是表示逻辑连接的副词)；(8)在冠词后,一定是名词或o ne(s),other(s)等代词。(9)由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。1.由It isthat 强调结构的形式,判断it还是that。判断方法:去掉It is.that 结 构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。2.由it作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填ito例:.and was only after I hear

4、d she become sick that Ilearned she couldnt eat MSG(味精)例：as took themjust three minutes to steal paintings by two world-famousartists例：Dating sites also makes easy to avoidsomeone whom you are not interested in.3.在倒装句式中通常填 only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,notuntil等词。例:with hard work can youex

5、pect to get pay rise.4.so.that./such.that.句型彳列：This made the goat sojealous it began plotting against the donkey.5.more.than.与其说不如说，比更)句型。例:Cynthias story shows vividly that people remember morehow much a manager cares how much he pays.考点二：给出了动词的试题，首先要确定是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。(1)若句中没有别的谓语动词，所给动词就是谓语动词；(2)若句中已

6、有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。(3)若是谓动词，就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致、虚拟语气(即谓语动词 四位一体)；(4)若是非谓语动词就要确定用-ing形式、-ed形式还是用不定式形式，综合考虑成分、句式、时态、语态(即非谓语动词 四位一体 )：1/作主语或宾语，通常用-ing形 式，有时也可用不定式;2/作目的状语、情感形容词或动词后的原因状语、以及有些结果状 语，一般用不定式；3/若判断用分词(做状语、定语或补语)，与逻辑主语是主动关系用-ing形 式，是被动关系用-ed形 式;从目前高考命题来看，我们只需根据分词与逻辑主语的关系确定用-ing形式还是-ed形式就可以

7、了。考点三：词类转换题，根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式：(1)作表语、定语或补语，用形容词形式；(2)作主语或宾语(含介词宾语)，用名词形式；(3)冠词、形容词性物主代词、指示代词或数词后，用名词形式；(4)作状语，用副词形式。考 点 四：词义转换题，主要是考杳具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需根据句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加un-,im-,dis-等，或在词根后加-less等。三、题组训练单句训练1.Knapic didn t want to run a restaurantat very beginning.2.Japan is a very safe place to liv

8、e,and families andcommunities are often quite close,which gives eachJapanese person a lot o f(c o m fo r t a b le)and support.3.Johnny has autism(自闭症).When he was young,he wasvery quiet and found hard to talk and be with otherpeople.4.Nowadays a lot of people all over the worldare attracted to the L

9、ijiang Ancient Wall Painting every year.5.Travelling today is more about searchingadventures.6.A teahouse is a special house which primarily(serve)tea and other light refreshments(茶点).7.TheEdinburghInternationalBookFestival(take)place every year in Charlotte Squarein the center of Edinburgh.8.When I

10、 was in primary school,I(per f or m)poorly in tests but my father always encouraged me.9.The Notre Dame Cathedral is home to many(religion)artworks,paintings and sculptures.10.Mandarin(普 通 话)is the most(use)non-European language for children to learn,U.K.parentsbelieve.11.Cafe Yeonnam-Dong 239-20 is

11、 a uniquely-designedcafe in Seoul,which makes vistors feel like(step)into a world of comics.12.Scientists find the brain changes after(listen)to Mozarts music.It is called theMozart Effect.13.Hemingway is famously interested in ideas of menproving their worth by facing and(overcome)thechallenges of

12、nature.农口 崇the;comfort;it;from;for;serves;takes;performed;religious;useful;stepping;listening;overcoming;语篇训练Whether you are someone who smiles a lot _1 not,there is always room for improvement.Research_ 2(s h o w)that when someone smiles,a number offeel-good neurotransmitters are released in the bo

13、dy andthese are linked with the lower heart rate,lower bloodpressure,better sleep and _ 3(l i t t l e)stress.It wouldappear that _4 physical act of smiling makes ourbrain thinke we are happy if we are not-and it bringsabout a physiologican response that makes _ 5(we)feel better and more relaxed.I th

14、ink we have experienced how infectious a smile can beand we _ 6(a t t r a c t)by the energy of happy peoplelaughing.So while I appreciate there is not always anythingto smile at,I think that being able to smile at ourselves is aquality w o r t h _ 7(d e v e lo p).Even an internal smileor a case of f

15、aking it until you make it is_ 8(d e f i n i t e)a good investment to develop a senseof _ 9(s a t i s f y)from within.My new thing to do for the next month or so is to try to smilemore often.Why dont you try that too and let me know_10 you get on?答 案:or;shows;less;the;us;are attracted;developing;def

16、initely;satisfaction;how2.Mr.Robinson,1.was a businessman,had to oftentravel somewhere.2.is often the case,he was in a hurry,he decided to go by air.He liked 3.(sit)besidea window,so when he got onto the plane,he looked for awindow seat.He found all of them already taken except forone.There was a so

17、ldier 4.was sitting in the seatbeside it.Wondering why this one had not been taken,Mr.Robinson at once went towards it.When he reached it,however,Mr.Robinson saw that therewas a notice 5.(stick)on the seat,6.said;Thisseat is preserved for proper load balance,thank you.Neversaw such an unusual notice

18、 in a plane before,Mr.Robinsonwas a little 7.(surprise)but he thought that the planemust be carrying something particularly heavy in it,so hewalked on and found an empty seat,8.was not besidea window,to sit in.Two or three people tried to sit in thewindow seat by the soldier,but they too read the no

19、tice andwent on.When the plane was nearly full,a very beautiful girlhurried into the plane.The soldier,9.was watching thepassengers coming in,quickly took the notice off the seatand in this way succeeded in 10.(have)the company ofthe girl during the whole trip.答 案：1.who 2.As 3.sitting 4.who/that 5.s

20、tuck 6.which7.surprised 8.which 9.who 10.having3.Classical Chinese garden design aims to create a naturallandscape on a small scale and emphasize the perfectharmony between man and nature.A Chinese garden 1.(be)like a scroll(卷轴)painting,2.(show)a series of carefully composed scenes.New views arereve

21、aled as one walks along the pathways.In the gardens,3.the most frequently meet the eyes are windingpaths that seemingly lead to nowhere.There,a path seems to end,but all of 4.sudden,anew world is rolled out before you:pavilions(亭子)，rockformations and spring water-all combined to provide apleasant su

22、rprise!At the 5.(enter)to a Chinesegarden,there is usually a huge stone or wall 6.(use)to screen your view so as to later produce unimaginabledelight when you turn around the wall.A Chinese garden mayhave windows on all 7.(it)four walls.And it is 8.(interest)that,through the windows,visitors may see

23、different views from different angles,and thus thecomposition of the garden becomes enlarged.A Chinese garden is a place where culture is both created andenjoyed.AII plants mark the shift of 9.(season).Similarly,water,a symbol of the everchanging,10.rocks,a symbol of the eternal(永恒的)，create aharmoni

24、ous balance of natures yin and yang.答 案：1.is 2.showing 3.what 4.a 5.entrance/entry 6.used7.its 8.interesting 9.seasons 10.and4.I am going to tell you an unbelievable thing that happened inmy restaurant today.This afternoon a poorlydressed gentleman came into myrestaurant.Nobody knew 1.he was.We wond

25、ered2.he was so hungry.We were surprised 3.hefinished two orders of food in a very limited time.Wedoubted 4.the man was able to pay the bill.Thegentleman asked 5.we would mind waiting for just afew minutes.Then we were shocked to see 6.he tookout of a letter-a million pound bank note.I asked Mr.Clem

26、ents 7.it was genuine.Mr.Clementssaid it was true because two of this amount had been issuedby the Bank of England this year.He thought 8.thegentleman showed them couldnt be a false.9.a gentleman with a million pound bank note was inrags and ate in our small restaurant was a big puzzle to allthe people there.I really couldnt describe 10.excitedI was.【答案】：l.who 2.why 3.that 4.whether/if 5.whether/if6.that 7.whether/if 8.what 9.Why 10.how