专业英语八级（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编4.pdf

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1、专业英语八级（阅读）历年真题试卷汇编4（总分：5.94,做题时间：90分钟）选择题（总题数：14,分数：2.10)I.Britain sbestexport,IwastoldbytheheadoftheDepartmentofimmigrationinCanberra,ispeople.CloseonIOO,OOOpeoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesinthefirstfivemonthsofthatyear,andhalfofth eseareeven tual 1 yexpec ted tomigratetoAustral ia.(2)The Austr

2、al iansaredel ighted.Theyarekeenlyawar ethatwithoutastrongflowofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedeveopmentoftheAustral ianeconomyisunl ikelytoproceedattheambitiouspacecurrentlyenvi saged.Thenewmineraldiscoveriespromiseasplendidf uture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsofAmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoe

3、nsurethattheyarepr operlyexploited,butwithunemploymentinAustral iadowntolessthanl.3percent,thegovernmenti sunders tandablyanxious toat trac tmoreski lledlabor.(3)Austral iaisroughlythesames izeas thecon tinen talUni tedStates,buthasonlytwelvemillioninhabitants.,1igrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulat

4、ionincrea seintheJastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountrysimpressiveeconomicdevelopment.Br itainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource一ninetypercentofAustraliansareofl3ritishdescent,ancll3ritainhasprovideclonemillionmigrantssinceth eSecondVor ldWar.(4)Austral iahasalsogi vengreataL tent ion Lorec

5、rui tingpeopleelsewhere.Australian sdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicanLsamongtheso-calledguestworkerswhohavecrossedthei.rownfrontierstoworki.notherpartsofEu.rope.Therewereestim atedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalargenumberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedj obsinAustralia

6、.Italyhasforsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceof川igrants,andtheAustralianshavealsom anagedtoat tractalargenumberofGreeksandGermans.(5)One小awbackwiththem,sofarastheAustraliansareconcerned,isthatintegrationtendstobemoredifficult.UnliketheBritish,continentalmigrant shavetostrugglewithanunfamiliarlangu

7、ageandnewcustoms.ManynaturallygravitatetowardstheTtalian orGreekcommunitieswhichhavegrownupincit iessuchasSydneyandMel bourne.Thesecolonieshavetheirown newspapers,theirownshops,andt heirownclubs.Theirinhabi tantsarenotAustralians,butEuropeans.(6)Thegovernment savowedaim,however,istomaintainasubstant

8、iallyhomogeneoussocietyintowhichnewc omers,fromwhateversources,willmergethemselves.Byandlarge,therefore,AustraliastillprefersBri tishmigran ts,and tends tobera ther lessse lee t i vein theircasethani tiswi tho thers.(7)Af arbi ggercause ofconcernthanthegrowthof nationalgroups,however,istheincreasing

9、numberofmigrantswhoreturntothe ircountriesoforigin.Onereasonisthatpeoplenowadaystendtobemoremobile,andthatitiseasierthanint hepasttosavethereturnfare,buteconomicconditionsalsohavesomethingtodowithit.Aslowerrateofgrow thinvariablyproducesdiscontenl andifthiscoincideswithgreaterprosperityinEurope,alot

10、ofpeopletendtofeelthatperhapstheywerewro ngtocomehereaftera l l.(8)Severa I surveyshavebeenconductedrecent l yi ntothereasonswhypeopl egohome.Onenotedthatflies,d江t,andoutsidelavatorieswereonthelistofcomplaintsfromBritishimmigrants,andaddedthatmanypeopleal socomplainedabout thecrudity,badmanners,andu

11、nfriendlinessoftheAustr alians.Anothersurveygaveclimateconditions,homesickness,andthestarkappearanceoftheAustralia ncoun Lryside as themainreasonsfor leaving.(9)los tBr i tishmigrantsmi sscounci l housi ng,theNa Lional Heal thscheme,andLheirrelativesandformerneighbors.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especial

12、lyam onghouse wives.Thernensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuchhardertogetusedtoadifferentwayo flife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseofinadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcor respondencewiththeiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheircliscontent.Onehousewifewasquote drece

13、ntlyassaying:IevenfindimissthepeoplelusedtohateaLhom e.(lO)Rentsarehigh,andtherearelon gwaitinglistsforH ousingCommissionhomes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandthecl.imatecanbeune xpectedyrough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,andpeoplearegeneral lyexpectedtoworkharderhere

14、thant heydoathome.Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfind ingadecentjob.Aboveall,perhaps,skilledi皿nigrantsoftenfindaconsiderablereluctancetoaccepttheirqual i ficat ions.(11)AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,th eat t i tudeofmanyemployersan dfel1011八vorkersisanythingbutfriendly.nl

15、leAustralians,itstatedinarecentissue,.arejusttoofondof paintingtherosypictureofthebig,warm-hea工、tedAussie.Asamatteroffact,wea上esobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehavenotgottimetobewarmheartedandconsiderate.Godownheart-breakalleyamongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansi vetheAussiei stohis immigra

16、nts.11司：TheAustralianswantastrongflowofimtnigrantsbecause_.（分数：0.15)A.inunigrants speed up economic expansion B.unemployment is down to a low figure C.immigrants attract foreign capital D.Australia i s as large as the United States 解析：细节理解题。根据题干关键词astrong flow of immigrants定位至原文第二段第二句。该句提到，如果没有大批的移民

17、涌入，澳大利亚的经济就不可能以目前设想的节奏大踏步前进。可见移民对千加速发展澳大利亚的经济作用显著，故A为答案。BJ“失业率下降到极低的水平”只是补充说明澳大利亚在发展经济时可能遇到劳动力不足的问题，并不是吸引移民的根本原因，故排除；定位段虽然涉及到国外资金注入的话题，但并没有说这些资金与移民是否相关，故排除CJ:DJ“澳大利亚与美国一样大”是对第三段首句的曲解，原文意思是澳大利亚的面积与美国大陆面积大体相当，故排除D。2.Britainsbestexport,IwastoldbytheheadoftheDepartmentoflrnmigrationinCanberra,ispeople.C

18、loseonlOO,OOOpeoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesinthefirstfivemonthsofthalyear,andhalfofth eseareeven tual 1 yexpec ted tomigrate toAustral ia.(2)The Austral iansaredel ighted.The yarekeenlyawar ethatwithoutastrongflowofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyisunl ikelytoproc

19、eedattheanbit i ouspa.cecurren tl yen visaged.Thenewminerald i scover i espromi seasp lend idf uture,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsofAmericanandBritishcapitalshouldhelptoensurethattheyarepr operlyexploited,butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthanl.3percent,thegovernmenti sunders tan dab 1 yanx iou

20、s toa t tractm oresk i 11 ed labor.(3)Austral iai sroughlythesames i zeas theconti nen Lal Uni tedStates,buthasonytwelvemil lioninhabitants.,1igrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulationincrea sei.nthelastfouryears,andhascontributedgreatlytothecountrysimpi:-essiveeconomi.cdevelopment.Br itainhasalwaysbe

21、entheprincipalsource一ni netypercentofAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedonemillionmigrantssinceth eSecondVor ldVar.(4)Austral iahasalsogi vengreata t tent ion torecrui ti ngpeopleelsewhere.Australian sdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicantsamongtheso-calledH guestworker

22、swhohavecrossedtheirownfrontierstoworkinotherpartsofEurope.Therewereest1.m atedtobemorethanfourmi llionofthem,andalargenumberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedj obsinAustralia.Italyhasforsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustralianshav eal somanagedtoa t tractalargenumberof

23、GreeksandGermans.(5)Onedrawbackwi th them,so far as t heAustral iansareconcerned,isthatintegrationtendstobem oredifficult.UnliketheBritish,continentalmigrant shavetostrugglewit hanunfamiliarlanguageandnewcustoms.ManynaturallygravitatetowardstheTtalian orGreekcommunitieswhichhavegrownupincitiessuchas

24、SydneyandMelbourne.Thesecolonieshavetheirown newspapers,theirownshops,andt heirownclubs.Theirinhabi tantsarenotAustralians,butEuropeans.(6)Thegover nment savowedaim,however,istomaintainasubstantiallyhomogeneoussocietyintowhichnewc omers,fromwhateversources,willme.rgethemselves.Byandlarge,therefore,A

25、ust.raliastillprefersBri ti shmigran ts,and Lends tobera ther lessselec ti veinthe ircasethani tiswi thothers.(7)Afarbi ggercause ofconcernthant hegrowthofnationalgroups,however,istheincreasingnumberofmigrantswhoreturntothe ircountriesoforigin.Onereasonisthatpeoplenowadaystendtobem oremobile,andthat

26、itiseasierthanint hepasttosavethereturnfare,buteconomicconditionsalsohavesomethingtodo1ithit.Aslowerrateofgrowthinvariablyproducesdiscontent andifthiscoinci.deswithgreaterprosperityinEurope,alotofpeopletendtofeelthatperhapstheywerewro ngtocomehereaf teral 1.(8)Several surveyshavebeenconductedrecen t

27、 1 yi ntothereasonswhypeop 1 egohome.O nenotedthatflies,dirt,andoutsidelavatorieswereonthelistofcomplaintsfromBri tishinnnigrants,andaddedthatmanypeoplealsocomplainedaboutthecnrdity,badmanners,andunfriendlinessoftheAustr aliansn.Anothersurveygaveclimateconditions,homesickness,andthestarkappearanceof

28、theAustralia ncoun Lrysiden as thernainreasonsfor leaving.(9)los LBr i tishmigran tsmi sscounci lhousing,LheNa Lional Heal thscheme,andtheirrelativesandformerneighbors.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especial lyamonghouse wives.Themensoonmakenewfriendsatwork,butwivestendtofinditmuchhardertogetusedtoadifferen

29、twayo flife.Manyarehouseboundbecauseofinadequatepublictransportinmostoutlyingsuburbs,andregularcor respondence1iththeiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheirdiscontent匈Onehousewidrecen tlyassay ing:nlevenfindlrni ss thepeoplelused toha tea Lhom e.u(10)Ren tsarehigh,and Lherea.re lon gwaitinglists

30、forHousingCom rnissionhomes.Sicknesscanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeune xpectedl yrough.hegapbetweenAustrali anandBri ti shwagepacketsi snol ongerbig,a.ndpeop l earegenera l lyexpectedtoworkharderherethant heycloathome.Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficultyinfind ingadecentjob.Aboveal

31、l,perhaps,skilledirrunigrantsoftenfindaconsiderablereluctancetoacceptthei rquali ficat ions.(11)AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theatti tudeofmanyernployersan dfellowworkersisanythingbutfriendly.WeAustralians,itstatedinarecentissue,arejusttoofondof paintingtherosypictureofthebig,warrn-he

32、artedAussie.Asainatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingourowntrumpetsthatwehavenotgottimetobewarm-heartedandconsiderate.Godownheart-breakalleyamongsomeofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohisimmigrants.nl、司：Australiapref ersimmigran tsfrorrillr i tainbecause_.（分数：0.15)A.they are selected care

33、ful Jy before entry B.they are likely to form national groups C.they easily merge into local connnunities D.they are fond of 1 i ving in small towns 解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词Australiaprefers irrunigrants from Britain定位至原文第六段砓后一句。作者在这一句中讲到澳大利亚更偏爱英国移民，对他们不像对其他国家移民那样挑剔，而本段第一句提到政府重视社会的同版化和移民的融入，笫五段则说到了英国以外的其他国家移

34、民适应社会的一些困难，甚至形成自己的小社群，这与政府的侣导相悖，可见澳大利亚偏爱英国移民的原因是他们更容易融入当地的社群和社会，故C为答案。A”他们在移民之前受到谨慎挑选“误解了第六段最后一句，原文恰恰是说英国移民不像其他国家移民那样受到严格挑选，故排除；根据第五段可知，容易形成国家群体的是欧洲大陆来的移民，而不是英国移民，故排除BJ;而D”他们吾欢生活在小城铅”在原文中没有依据，故排除。3.Britain sbestexport,IwastoldbytheheadoftheDepartmentoflrmnigrationinCanberra,nispeople.CloseonlOO,OOOp

35、eoplehaveappliedforassistedpassagesinthefirstfivemonthsofthatyear,andhalfofth eseareeventual 1 yexpec ted tomigra tetoAus tral ia.(2)TheAustral iansarede 1 i ghted.Theyarekeenlyawar ethatwithoutastrongflowofimmigrantsintotheworkforcethedevelopmentoftheAustralianeconomyisunl ikelytoproceedattheambiti

36、ouspacecurrentlyenvisaged.Thenewmineraldiscoveriespromiseasplendidf ut ure,andtheinjectionofhugeamountsofAmericanandBri.tishcapi.talshouldhelptoensurethattheyarepr operlyexploited,butwithunemploymentinAustraliadowntolessthanl.3percent,t hegovernmenti sunders tandablyanx ioustoat tractmoreski lledl a

37、bor.(3)Austral iaisroughlythesamesizeasthecon t inen talUni tedStates,buthasonytwelvemillioninhabitants.Migrationhasaccountedforhalfthepopulationincrea seinthelas tfouryears,andhascontributedgreat ly tothecountrysirnpressi veeconomicdevelopmen t.Br itainhasalwaysbeentheprincipalsource一ninetypercento

38、fAustraliansareofBritishdescent,andBritainhasprovidedonemillion川igrantssincetheSecondWor ldWar.(4)Austral iahasalsogi vengreatattent iontorecrui tingpeopleelsewhere.Australian sdecidedtheyhadanexcellentpotentialsourceofapplicanLsamongtheso-callednguestworkerswhohavecrossedthei.rownfrontierstoworkino

39、therpartsofEurope.Therewereestim atedtobemorethanfourmillionofthem,andalargenurnberwereofferedsubsidizedpassagesandguaranteedj obsinAustralia.Italyhasforsomeyearsbeenthesecondbiggestsourceofmigrants,andtheAustra且anshaveal somanagedtoa t trac talargenumberofGreeksandGermans.(5)Onedrawbackwi th them,s

40、of aras theAus tral iansareconcerned,isthatintegrationtendstobemoredifficult.U nliketheBritish,continentalmigrant shavetostrugglewithanunfamiliarlanguageandnewcustorns.Manynaturallygravitatetowardstheltalian orGreekco1nmun it ieswhichhavegrownupi nc i ti essuchasSydneyandMe 1 bourne.Thesecolon i esh

41、avetheirown newspapers,theirownshops,andtheirownclubs.Theirinhabi tantsarenotAustralians,butEuropeans.(6)Thegover runent savowedaim,however,istomaintainasubstantiallyhomogeneoussocietyintowhichnewc omers,fromwhateversources,willmergethemselves.Byandlarge,t herefore,AustraliastillprefersBri ti shmigr

42、an ts,and Lends tobera therlessselec t i veinthe ircasethani Liswi tho thers.(7)Af arbi ggercause ofconcernthanthegrowthofnationalgroups,however,istheincreasingnurnberofmigrantswhoreturntothe ircountriesoforigin.Onereasoni.sthatpeoplenowadaystendtobemoremobile,andthati口seasierthaninthepasttosavether

43、eturnfare,buteconomicconditionsalsohavesomethingtodowithit.Aslowerrateofgrow thinvariablyproducesdiscontent-and i f thi sco inc i deswi thgrea terprosperi tyinEurope,al o tofpeop letend tof ee 1 tha tperhaps theY1verewro ngtocomehereafterall.(8)Several surveyshavebeenconductedrecentlyintothereasonsw

44、hypeoplegohome.Onenotedthat flies,di rt,andoutsidel avatori es wereonthelistofcom plai ntsfromBri ti sh i mmigrants,andaddedthatmanypeoplealsocomplainedaboutthecrud让y,badmanners,andunfriendlinessoftheAustralians.Anothersurveygaveclimateconditions,homesickness,andthestarkappearanceoftheAustralia ncou

45、ntryside asthemainreasonsforleaving.(9)MostBri t ishmigrantsmisscouncilhousing,theNational Healthscheme,andLheirrelativesandformerneighbors.Lonelinessisabigfactor,especial lyamonghouse wives.ThernensoonmakenewfriendsaLwork,butwivestendtofinditmuchh釭dertogetusedtoadifferentwayoflife.Manyarehousebound

46、becauseofinadequatepublictransporti.nmostoutyingsuburbs,andr egularcor respondencewiththeiroldfriendsathomeonlyservestoincreasetheiri扛scontent.Onehousewifewasquote drecentlyassaying:Ieven和ndlmissthepeoplelusedtohateathome.(10)Rentsarehigh,andtherearelon gwaitinglistsforHousingCommissionhomes.Sicknes

47、scanbeanexpensivebusinessandtheclimatecanbeune xpectedlyrough.ThegapbetweenAustralianandBritishwagepacketsisnolongerbig,andpeoplearegeneral Jyexpectedtoworkharderherethant heydoathome.Professionalmenoverfortyoftenhavedifficutyinfind ingadecentjob.Aboveall,perhaps,skil ledimmigrantsoftenfindaconsider

48、ablereluctancetoacceptthei rquali釭cations.(11)AccordingtothejournalAustralianManufacturer,theatt i t udeofmanyemployersan dfellolllvorkersisanythingbutfriendly.WeAustralians,i tstatedinarecentissue,arejusttoofondof paintingtherosypictureofthebig,warm-heartedAussie.Asamatteroffact,wearesobusyblowingo

49、urowntrumpetsthatwehavenotgotLimetobewarrr广heartedandconsiderate.Godownheart-breakalleyamongsorneofthemigrantsandfindoutjusthowexpansivetheAussieistohisilillnigrants.问：Inexplainin8vhysomemigrantsreturntoEuropetheauthor（分数：0.15)A.stresses their economic motives B.em phasizes t he variety of the叮motiv

50、es C.stresses loneliness and homesickness D.emphasizes the difficulties of men over forty 解析：推理判断题。根据题干关键词whysome migrants return定位至原文第七、八、九段。这三段中提到了欧洲人返乡的多重原因，包括对生活环境的不满，对澳大利亚人行为举止的不满，经济上的不满足，以及悄感上的原因，即孤独感和思乡之悄。可见作者认为欧洲移民返乡的原因是多方面的，这与B表述一致，故B为答案。从上述分析可知，作者在借用多项调查结果说明移民返乡的原因的时候，提到了多种原因，主要涉及生活环境、经济因素