部编人教版九年级上语文《22 范进中举》优质精品公开课课件.pptx

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3、,十年窗下无人问，一举成名天下知。,万般皆下品，惟有读书高。,一士登甲科，九族光彩新。,朝为田舍郎，暮登天子堂。,古代科举考试的真实写照,22 范进中举,1.了解作者及其作品，把握小说故事情节，感知范进这一人物形象。（重点） 2.理解运用对比手法来表现人物性格的方法；领会夸张手法的运用及其讽刺效果。（难点） 3.认识封建科举制度对读书人的毒害，体会作者对封建社会黑暗现象的深刻揭露。（重点）,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

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6、科举制度的弊害和知识分子精神生活的腐朽堕落的描绘，深刻地揭露和强烈地抨击了封建社会道德风俗的败坏和政治的黑暗，它是一幅刻画入微，形象逼真的封建社会儒林百丑图。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

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8、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,古典讽刺小说一般分两种：一种是寄寓性讽刺，主要从神魔小说中孕育出来；一种是写实性讽刺，主要从世情小说中孕育出来。狭义的讽刺只指后一种写实性讽刺小说。它用夸张的手法和嘲讽的态度，揭露、抨击了社会的黑暗和时弊，但对社会本质的认识，有很大局限性。代表作有吴敬梓的儒林外史，李宝嘉的官场现形记等。,本文节选自儒林外史第三回“周学道校士拔真才，胡屠户行凶闹捷报”。范进是一个广东的老童生，从20岁开始应考，考了20多次，可谓屡试屡败，但他屡败屡试，终

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14、,带 挈：唯唯连声：浑 家：长 亲：相 公：拙 病：现 世 宝：淋淋漓漓：,形容水往下流的样子。,词语解释,长辈。,提携。,连连答应。,妻子。,对秀才的称呼。,奇怪的病。,丢脸的家伙。现世，出丑、丢脸。,作 揖：见 教：相 与：桑 梓：狗血喷头：,家乡。,拱手行礼。,指教。,结交。,形容骂得很凶。,速读课文，给课文分段并归纳段意、概括情节发展思路。课文是怎样描写范进喜极发疯的过程的？,自由朗读课文，并思考：,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才

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16、路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1给课文分段并归纳段意、概括情节发展思路。,归纳段意： 第一部分（l2段）：写范进进学回家到中举前的情况。 第二部分（3结束）：写范进中举后情景。,情节发展：,考中秀才,告贷应试,喜极而疯

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19、元成才路,状元成才路,2.课文是怎样描写范进喜极发疯的过程的？,第一层写昏厥；第二层写疯跑；第三层写跌倒；第四层写疯走集上。,范进喜极发疯的过程可分作四层：,范进中举前后进行对比，可以看出范进是怎样的一个人？胡屠户有怎样的个性特征？像胡屠户这样的人在当时是个别的吗？张乡绅有怎样的性格特征？众邻居有着怎样的形象？,一、人物形象分析,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元

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21、成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,范进中举前后对比,每日小菜饭 猪油两三回 饿了两三天没有早饭米饿得看不见,众乡邻拿蛋 送酒 背米 捉鸡 胡屠户送肉,茅草棚,张乡绅送范进三间房屋,无盘费去应考无钱打发报录人,众乡邻搬桌椅 屠户送四五千钱张乡绅送纹银五十两,胡屠户骂得狗血淋头 无人理会 无人帮助,胡屠户

22、奉承恭维众乡邻帮办各种事情张乡绅拜访拉拢,中举前,中举后,1.范进中举前后进行对比，可以看出范进是怎样的一个人？,猥琐懦弱而又圆滑世故，热衷功名。,中举前唯唯诺诺，中举后则坦然地同张乡绅平起平坐，打起官腔，成了封建社会的新贵，特权阶级的人员。,范进对功名的热衷除了从他坚持不懈地参加考试中可以看出之外，还有一处细节可以体现：平日他不是一个感情容易外露的人，所以他可以忍受胡屠户的辱骂，可以冷静的卖鸡救命，但一见喜报帖便欢喜得疯起来，鲜明的反常，可以充分表现他的利欲熏心、可悲可笑。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

23、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

24、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,范进中举前后胡屠户态度对比,现世宝,老爷 贤婿老爷,训斥狗血喷头,恭维 奉承 讨好 千恩万谢,一副大肠一瓶酒,七八斤肉

25、 四五千钱,倒运,养到30多岁毕竟要嫁与个老爷,尖嘴猴腮不三不四,品貌又高张府也没有这样的相貌,不是你的文章好舍与你的,才学又好,癞蛤蟆就想天鹅肉吃,毕竟要嫁与个老爷,你那老不死的老娘,你家老太太,像胡屠户这样的人在当时是个别的吗？,胡屠户的个性特征： 欺贫爱富、趋炎附势、庸俗势利。,不是。其他的邻里乡亲们以及张乡绅也都是趋炎附势、惟利是图的人，作者借他们的描写展现了科举制度下形形色色人的丑恶嘴脸和封建社会衰朽的世风。,张乡绅早已中举，做过知县，是地方上的一霸。范进中举的当天就来拉拢，送银送房，与范进称兄道弟。这就表明他急于结交新贵，攀附范进宗师周学道和汤知县，以达到巩固和扩大自己权势的目的。

26、,3.张乡绅是个怎样的人？,道貌岸然，老奸巨滑,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

27、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

28、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,4.众邻居有着怎样的形象？,（1）麻木冷漠：在范进疯了，众人不知怎么办时，报录人建议屠户给范进一巴掌，看出他对人冷漠。而对范进这种因为中举而狂喜到发疯的人早已司空见惯，发生这事已不足为奇，他们已经麻木了。,（2）尖酸刻薄：胡屠户不敢打范进，有人却说他平时杀猪已经积累了很多罪行，不在乎这一次。看似劝说屠户挽救范进，实际是对范进一家极端的讽刺。在别人有难时，还站出来嘲笑他们，所以说他们尖酸刻薄。,（3）趋炎附势：在范进外出参加科举考试家中断粮之时，众邻居没有帮忙，范进中举后，众邻居却出人、出力、出场，从中反映了封建时代的世态炎凉和众邻居的趋炎附势。,

29、1.范进为什么会发疯？范进中举后发疯说明了什么？2.课文主题是什么？,二、主旨探讨,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,

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31、状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,1.范进为什么会发疯？范进中举后发疯说明了什么？,范进屡试不第，这次竟然高中，事出突然，他心理上无法承受这巨大的喜悦及变化，因喜而疯，喜至于疯。 范进中举后发疯说明他是个热衷科举、醉心功名的人，其命运是可悲又可怜的，从而抨击了科举制度对知识分子的毒害。,2.课文主题是什么？,作品以范进中举前后的表现为中心展开故事情节，把各种人物搬到生活的舞台上，调动讽刺艺术的各种手段，让一幕幕精彩场面展现在观众面前，尤其是通过范进和胡屠户这两个典型形象的塑造，无情地抨击了封建科举制度对知识分子的精神摧残和对人们思想的腐蚀，活现

32、出某些人物的卑污灵魂，谴责了汲汲追求功名富贵的肮脏思想和封建社会的丑恶的道德风尚。,学习范进中举后，谈谈你对范进这一形象的看法。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

33、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

34、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,吃小菜饭,母饿眼花,住茅草棚,不知油味,搬桌拿凳,送银赠房,拿鸡酒米,送肉送钱,癞蛤蟆,现世宝,尖嘴猴腮,甘受屈辱,唯唯连声,文曲星,范老爷,贤婿老爷,逢迎自如,势利虚伪,本文对范进中举前后各方面的不同情形都做了鲜明的对比。中举前，经济状况非常恶劣，社会地位非常低下，胡屠户骂他“现世宝”“癞虾蟆”“尖嘴猴腮”，还“啐”他唾沫，他还“唯唯连声”。中举后，经济状况明显好转，邻居“有拿鸡蛋来的”；胡,1.运用对比手法进行讽刺。,屠户送钱送肉；张乡绅送银赠房。社会地位显著提

35、高。邻居都来帮忙，称之为“范老爷”；胡屠户称之为“文曲星”“贤婿老爷”；张乡绅与之称兄道弟。前后的不同态度形成强烈的对比，呈现出世人欺贫爱富、趋炎附势、势利虚伪的丑态。,范进因中举喜极而疯，在挨了一个巴掌后清醒过来，这是根据现实生活用夸张的手法虚构出来的，具有辛辣的讽刺效果。此外，文中“那只手隐隐的疼将起来；自己看时，把个巴掌仰着，再也弯不过来。”“屠户见女婿衣裳后襟滚皱了许多，一路低着头替他扯了几十回。”这些夸张的描写，反映了胡屠户前后态度变化的巨大。,2.采用夸张的手法刻画人物形象。,如范进向胡屠户赠送银子时，“屠户把银子攥在手里紧紧的，把拳头舒过来，道：这个，你且收着。我原是贺你的，怎好

36、又拿了回去？屠户连忙把拳头缩了回去，往腰里揣”这段细节描写生动地揭示了胡屠户虚伪势利、爱财如命的本性。,3.细节描写，生动传神。,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

37、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状

38、元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,中举给读书人带来天壤之别。有人写了一副对联，很好地概括了范进中举前后的境遇： “回忆去岁饥荒，五六七月间，柴米尽焦枯，贫无一寸铁，赊不得，欠不得，虽有近戚远亲，谁肯_？侥幸今朝科举，一二三场内，文章皆合适，中了五经魁，名也香，姓也香，不拘张三李四，都来_。”,你能用两个成语补充上面的一幅对联吗？读这副对联，并结合原文，谈谈你对范进所处社会的认识。,雪中送炭 锦上添花 范进所处的社会，科举使及第者飞黄腾达，也可看出整个社会的欺贫爱富与世态炎凉，揭露了科举不仅毒化了士人

39、，还把一般人的灵魂扭曲得不成样子的罪恶。,我来答,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路

40、,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,状元成才路,发挥想象，续写故事。（不少于200字）,提示：胡屠户紧紧攥着范进给的银子，千恩万谢，低着头，笑眯眯的回去了。过了没多久，忽然又一报录人飞马而至，叫道：“报错了！中举者非此范进，而是邻县范进。”（请大家展开大胆的想象，来说说自己的设想。）,