thinking-as-a-hobby.ppt

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1、BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Thinking as a HobbyWilliamGoldingBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby,the AuthorWilliam Golding(1911 1993),British writer,1983 Nobel Prize WinnerBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-The Authors BackgroundTo be continued on the next page.Born on September 19

2、,1911 at St.Columb Minor,a village near Newquay,Cornwall,he started writing at the age of seven.He went to Oxford University(Brasenose College)in 1930,where he studied natural sciences and English language.His first book,a collection of poems,appeared a year before Golding received his BA.BTLEWLesso

3、n 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-The Authors BackgroundTo be continued on the next page.He became a teacher of English and philosophy in Salisbury.During World War II he served in the Royal Navy and was involved in the sinking of Germanys mightiest battleship,the Bismarck.He participated in

4、the invasion of Normandy on D-Day(（第二次世界大战中）盟国在西欧登陆日)and at wars end went back to teaching and writing.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-The Authors Background In 1961 his successful books allowed Golding to leave his teaching post,and then became a full-time writer.In 1983,he won t

5、he Nobel Prize for Literature.He received a knighthood from Queen Elizabeth II in 1988.William Golding died at his home on June 19,1993.To be continued on the next page.“His work is characterized by exploration of the darkness of mans heart,deep spiritual and ethical questions.”BTLEWLesson 1Thinking

6、 as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-Goldings Masterpiece Goldings most famous book is Lord of the Flies,published in 1954.It is a strange and a dark novel,and is bleakly pessimistic.The story describes a group of children,who are evacuated from Britain because of a nuclear war.Their airplane crashes on an

7、 uninhabited island,and all the adults are killed.The boys create their own society,which gradually degenerates from democratic,rational,and moral to tyrannical and cruel.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-Goldings MasterpieceThe story describes an unsuccessful struggle against barba

8、rism and war,thus showing the ambiguity and fragility of civilization.It has also been said that it is an allegory of World War II.The phrase“Lord of the flies”originates from the Hebrew Baalzebub.In Bible,“Baal”implies the sin of human beings.In English,“lord of the flies”is the synonym of“evil spi

9、rit”of human race.“BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.Author-Goldings Writing Style Goldings often allegorical fiction makes broad use of allusions to classical literature,mythology,and Christian symbolism.Goldings view is pessimistic:human nature is inherently corruptible and wicked,which

10、may possibly result from his experience in the WWII.His work is to explore the darkness of mans heart,deep spiritual and ethical questions.Goldings works are quite different from the realistic and romantic works.The personality of characters keeps the same from the beginning to the end.His novels do

11、 not pay much attention to the characteristics of the persons,the description of the environment,the colorfulness of the life.He simply tells the reader a serious story with a cold and clam tone,emphasizing the deep and complicated philosophical allusion.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby I.Author-I.A

12、uthor-Goldings Writing StyleGolding is good at using:symbolism:“Lord of the Flies”;absurdism（荒诞主义）:the irrational and irregular behavior and action made by the characters;irony:the seemingly contradiction in the stories,and one of his unique writing features,sarcasm:raises from the absurd reality an

13、d reveals the dark side of the reality.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Linguistic competence is not just grammar and vocabulary,we have to learn to deal with more serious subjects and discuss more complex problemsThinking is important?Thinking is important?A good liberal arts A good liberal arts ed

14、ucation must include education must include good training in logical good training in logical and critical thinkingand critical thinkingBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby What does the author use the word“hobby”for?Discussion:BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby 1、Thinking is not just for professional thi

15、nkers like philosophers.It is something all educated people should enjoy doing.2、This special interest is often referred to as“idle curiosity”,and it is considered one of the most precious qualities in young scholars.Conclusion of discussionConclusion of discussionNextBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobb

16、y Give an outline of the textThreeGrades of thinking:“grade-threethinking”:wasnotthinkingatall,butacombinationofignorance,prejudiceandhypocrisy.“grade-twothinking”:peoplewhobelongtoitcanseetheirignorance,prejudice,hypocrisyandlackoflogic,butthisthinkinghasnothingconstructivetooffer.“grade-onethinkin

17、g”:peoplewhobelongtoitsetouttofindthetruthandgetit.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Venus de Milo,is one of the most famous works of ancient Greek sculpture.It is believed to depict the Greek goddess of love and beauty.Its arms and original plinth（底座）have been lost.From an inscription that was on it

18、s plinth,it is thought to be the work of Alexandros of Antioch（希腊雕刻家，安屈克亚的亚历山德罗斯）about 130 and 100 BC.It was carved out of marble and stands approximately 205 cm(6 ft 10 in)high.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby The Thinker,is created by Auguste Rodin in 1902,out of Bronze and MarbleRodin based his t

19、heme on The Divine Comedy（神曲）of Dante and entitled the portal（大门）The Gates of Hell.The Thinker was originally meant to depict Dante in front of the Gates of Hell,pondering his great poem.In the final sculpture,a miniature of the statue sits atop the gates,pondering the hellish fate of those beneath

20、him.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Part 1(Paras.1):Part 2(Paras.232):Part 3(Paras.3335):II.Text AnalysisII.Text AnalysisStructureIntroduction The three grades of thinking The end of Structure.Conclusion:conversion of the author into a Grade-one thinkerBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby II.Text Analy

21、sisII.Text AnalysisThe summary of the characteristics of the three grades of thinking Grade-threeGrade-twoGrade-onecharacteristicsexamplesIgnorance,hypocrisy,prejudice,self-satisfied,contradictionsThe headmaster,Mr.Houghton,nine tenths of peopleDetecting contradictions;do not stampede easily;lag beh

22、ind,a withdrawal,destroy but not createRuth,the author,(maybe)some acquaintancesTo find out what is truth,based on a logical moral systemfar and few betweenthinkingThe end of General Analysis.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed UnderstandingDetailed UnderstandingShe seemed frozen in an

23、 eternal panic lest the bath towel slip down any farther(2)lest:(fml)for fear that;to make sure that sth would not happen.We ran as fast as we could lest we miss the train.He did not tell his father about the exam lest he get mad at him.Note:the subjunctive mood is used in the clause lest introduces

24、.Do not mix up“farther”with“further”.The former refers to physical distance whereas the latter to degree,time and all other figurative uses.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed UnderstandingDetailed UnderstandingBeyond the leopard was a naked,muscular gentleman.(2)More words ending“-ed”

25、pronunced as/-id/:a learned professor;that blessed morning;a wicked boy;the wretched life;our beloved country;ragged pants;my aged parents;rugged individualism;dogged effortsdelinquent children(3)delinquent:failing to do what is required by law or obligation,e.g.delinquent behavior;delinquent studen

26、ts;young delinquents;juvenile delinquencyBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed Understanding Detailed Understanding I was not integrated,I was,if anything,disintegrated.(4)if anythinga.如果有什么（区别）的话b.恰恰相反 I never had to clean up after him.If anything,he did most of the cleaning.I am not pa

27、rt of the harmonious group of students,if anything,I was the naughty trouble-maker.Im not ashamed of her.If anything,Im proud.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed Understanding Detailed Understanding integratev.a.to make into a whole by bringing all parts together;to unifyb.to join with

28、 something else;unite disintegrate:to become reduced to components,fragments,or particlesExamples:Many suggestions are needed to integrate the plan.The teachers are trying to integrate all the children into society.Word formationa.integrated综合的，完整的BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed Un

29、derstanding Detailed Understanding back to 1 v.a.to look at attentively and thoughtfully 注视 b.to consider carefully and at length;沉思 c.to have in mind as an intention or possibility考虑Examples:She stood contemplating her figure in the mirror.The young surgeon contemplated the difficult operation of k

30、idney transplant.She is contemplating a trip to Europe,but she hasnt planned it yet.contemplate(9)Synonymsconsiderpondermeditatedeliberatebrood overBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed Understanding Detailed Understanding v.to feel or suffer anguish n.agonizing physical or mental pain;t

31、orment a.anguishedExamples:She was in anguish over her missing child.anguished criesAnguish(11)Synonymssuffering,agony,distress,grief,heartache,heartbreak,misery,pain sorrow,torment,tortureBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Dont you ever think at all?Then youd better learn hadnt you?Thats what a man l

32、ooks like when hes really thinking.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Detailed UnderstandingDetailed Understanding to leap to ones feetto rise to ones feetto struggle to ones feetto stagger to ones feetto help sb.to ones feetto pull sb.to his feet一跃而起站起身来挣扎着站起来蹒跚而立扶某人站起来把某人拉起来On one occasion h

33、e headmaster leaped to his feet,reached up and put Rodins masterpiece on the desk before me.(Para.13)BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out.(Para.15)Everybody,except me,is born with the ability to think.III.III.Endow sb.With:

34、to provide sb.With a natural quality or talent She is one of those lucky women who are endowed with both a sharp brain and great beauty.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Why was he a frequent visitor to the headmasters study?(becauseofthelatestthingIhaddoneorleftundone)What would he do when he found

35、himself in a penal position before the headmasters desk?(sinkhishead,writhehisshoe,staredownatthewornrug)What would he see when he was demanded to look up?Comprehension Qs BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Why couldnt he communicate with the headmaster?(nothinghumanbehindtheheadmastersspectacleswhent

36、heycaughtthelight)What was the conclusion he came to in the end?(hecouldntthinksomethingmissinginhim;othersclaimedtheycouldthink;therewerethreegradesofthinking)What does the story between the headmaster and the boy tell us?BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby 我脚一滑，差点摔倒。My foot slipped and I nearly fell.

37、这几周在不知不觉中就溜走了。These few weeks slipped by.恐怖分子混过了机场的安检系统。The terrorists had slipped through the airports security net.在火车上为了补个硬卧，我朋友塞了点钱给他。My friend slipped him some money on the train in order to get a hard berth.SlipBTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby 对不起，我错过你的生日了，我完全忘了。Im sorry I missed your birthday

38、;it completely slipped my mind.你不会错过那样的好机会吧，是吗？Youre not going to let a chance like that slip through your fingers,are you?她无意中说出她准备离开这个公司。She let slip that shes going to leave the company.(to let slip that/to slip out)n.a slip of paper;a slip of tongue/pen;a womans slip（衬裙）BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as

39、a Hobby IIIIIIExalt(17)v.a.to raise in rank,character,or status 提升，提拔b.to glorify,praise,or honor 赞扬exalted a.excited;noble;exaggeratedExamples:He was exalted to the position of president.The retiring professor is exalted by his colleagues.He has an exalted sense of his importance to the project.BTL

40、EWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby IIIIII v.to make sb.Move quickly by pushing them in a rough aggressive wayHustle(17)Examples:The police hustled the prisoner into a van.（货车）Mother hustled the children off to school lest they should be late.We hustled to get dinner ready on time.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as

41、 a Hobby Mr.HoughtonNow,boys!Deep breaths!Feel it right down inside you huge draughts of Gods good air!BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.You could hear the wind,trapped in his chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments.His body would reel with shock and his face go white at the u

42、naccustomed visitation.(Para.19)The fresh air had to struggle with difficulty to get rid of the limits of his chest.He would be thrown off balance and turn pale because he was unaccustomed to this strong current of wind.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby IIIIII impediment(19)n.a.a fact or event which

43、makes action difficult or impossible(妨碍，障碍)b.an organic defect preventing clear articulation （口吃）Examples:The main impediment to development is the countrys huge foreign debt.He has an impediment in speech.他讲话口吃。Synonymshinder vhamperimpede vobstruct vblockdambarTo be continued on the next page.BTLE

44、WLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby III.III.Mr.Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life,sexless and full of duty.(Para.20)To be habitually inclined to do(sth.):e.g.He is much given to blowing his own trumpet.She was given to hasty decision.a highly moral speechObviously in Mr.Hought

45、ons clean life,there is no place for alcoholic drink,sex,and other worldly pleasures.This is,of course,ironical.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby IIIIIIBulge(21)v.to curve outward;to swell up;to stick out n.a.a protruding part;an outward curve or swelling （凸起部分）b.a sudden,usually temporary increase i

46、n number or quantity（膨胀）Examples:His pocket was bulging with sweets.The baby boom created a bulge in school enrollment.Synonymsprotrudestick out（突出、醒目）To be continued on the next page.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby IIIIIIExamples:Helens teeth protrude too far.The policeman saw a gun protruding fro

47、m the mans pocket.Nails protruded from the board and had to be removed for safety.Protrude：n.突出部分，尖端v.to push or thrust outward;to jut out （使）突出，（使）伸出 P.20.5.4BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby IIIIIInot think much ofthink better of sb.think highly ofthink well ofthink little ofthink poorly ofthink no

48、thing of看轻对某人有更高的评价高度评价重视看轻；看不起不放在眼里；轻视轻视；认为无所谓；认为没什么了不起 think well of（21）Try to make some sentences with the phrases.BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby What he claimedTelling me to thinkHe had thought a bit himself.Always talking about the clean life and the virtues of fresh air.High-minded monologue

49、s about the good life,sexless and full of duty.What he didHeavy drinkingHealth ruinedUnaccustomed to fresh airWatching girls out of sightSettled detestation of France&AmericaWhat kind of person was Mr.Houghton?What kind of person was Mr.Houghton?Conclusion:He thought with his neck.(irrational,illogi

50、cal,hypocritical,biased)Why did the author write about Mr.Houghton?Why did the author write about Mr.Houghton?BTLEWLesson 1Thinking as a Hobby Three statuettes introduction to the subject;foreshadowing(伏笔/铺垫)The headmaster the purpose of the article:how to educate people to thinkMr.Houghton a living