Thinking_As_a_Hobby(中英文对照版).ppt

《Thinking_As_a_Hobby(中英文对照版).ppt》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《Thinking_As_a_Hobby(中英文对照版).ppt（41页珍藏版）》请在得力文库 - 分享文档赚钱的网站上搜索。

1、Thinking As a HobbyText AnalysisWhile I was still a boy,I came to the conclusion that there were three grades of thinking;and since I was later to claim thinking as my hobby,I came to an even stranger conclusion-namely,that I myself could not think at all.还是个孩子的时候我就得出了思考分三种等级的结论。后来思考成了嗜好，我进而得出了一个更加离

2、奇的结论，那就是：我自己根本不会思考。I must have been an unsatisfactory child for grownups to deal with.I remember how incomprehensible they appeared to me at first,but not,of course,how I appeared to them.It was the headmaster of my grammar school who first brought the subject of thinking before me-though neither in

3、 the way,nor with the result he intended.He had some statuettes in his study.They stood on a high cupboard behind his desk.那那个个时时候候我我一一定定是是个个很很让让大大人人头头疼疼的的小小孩孩。当当然然我我已已经经忘忘记记自自己己当当初初在在他他们们眼眼里里是是什什么么样样子子了了,但但却却记记得得他他们们一一开开始始在在我我眼眼中中就就是是如如何何不不可可理理喻喻的的。第第一一个个把把思思考考这这个个问问题题带带到到我我面面前前的的是是我我文文法法学学校校的的校校长长

4、，当当然然这这样样的的方方式式，这这样样的的结结果果是是他他始始料料不不及及的的。他他的的办办公公室室里里有有一一些些小小雕雕像像，就就在在他他书书桌后面一个高高的橱柜上面。桌后面一个高高的橱柜上面。One was a lady wearing nothing but a bath towel.She seemed frozen in an eternal panic lest the bath towel slip down any farther,and since she had no arms,she was in an unfortunate position to pull the

5、 towel up again.Next to her,crouched the statuette of a leopard,ready to spring down at the top drawer of a filing cabinet labeled A-AH.My innocence interpreted this as the victims last,despairing cry.Beyond the leopard was a naked,muscular gentleman,who sat,looking down,with his chin on his fist an

6、d his elbow on his knee.He seemed utterly miserable.其中一位女士除了一条浴巾外一其中一位女士除了一条浴巾外一丝不挂。她好象被永不挂。她好象被永远地地冻结在在对浴巾再浴巾再往下滑的恐惧中了。而不幸的是她没有手臂，所以无法把浴巾拉上来。在往下滑的恐惧中了。而不幸的是她没有手臂，所以无法把浴巾拉上来。在她的身她的身边蜷伏着一蜷伏着一头美洲豹，好象随美洲豹，好象随时都会往下跳到档案橱柜最上都会往下跳到档案橱柜最上层的抽的抽屉上去，我懵懵懂懂地把那个抽上去，我懵懵懂懂地把那个抽屉上上标着的着的A-AH理解成理解成为猎物物临死前死前绝望的哀望的哀鸣/惨叫

7、。在豹子的另一惨叫。在豹子的另一边端坐着一个健端坐着一个健硕的裸体男子，他手肘支在的裸体男子，他手肘支在膝膝头，手握拳托着腮帮子，全然一副痛苦不堪的，手握拳托着腮帮子，全然一副痛苦不堪的样子。子。Some time later,I learned about these statuettes.The headmaster had placed them where they would face delinquent children,because they symbolized to him the whole of life.The naked lady was the Venus of

8、 Milo.She was Love.She was not worried about the towel.She was just busy being beautiful.The leopard was Nature,and he was being natural.The naked,muscular gentleman was not miserable.He was Rodins Thinker,an image of pure thought.It is easy to buy small plaster models of what you think life is like

9、.过了一些时候，我对这些雕像有了一些了解过了一些时候，我对这些雕像有了一些了解,才知道把它们放在正对着犯错的才知道把它们放在正对着犯错的孩子的位置是因为对校长来说这些雕像象征着整个生命。那位裸体的女士是孩子的位置是因为对校长来说这些雕像象征着整个生命。那位裸体的女士是米洛斯的维纳丝。她象征着爱。她不是在为浴巾担心，而是忙着显示美丽。米洛斯的维纳丝。她象征着爱。她不是在为浴巾担心，而是忙着显示美丽。美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。那位健硕的裸体男子并不痛美洲豹象征着自然，它在那里显得很自然而已。那位健硕的裸体男子并不痛苦，他是洛丁的思索者，一个纯粹思索的象征。要买到表达生活在你心中的苦

10、，他是洛丁的思索者，一个纯粹思索的象征。要买到表达生活在你心中的意义的小石膏像是很容易的事情。意义的小石膏像是很容易的事情。I had better explain that I was a frequent visitor to the headmasters study,because of the latest thing I had done or left undone.As we now say,I was not integrated.I was,if anything,disintegrated;and I was puzzled.Grownups never made sen

11、se.Whenever I found myself in a penal position before the headmasters desk,with the statuettes glimmering whitely above him,I would sink my head,clasp my hands behind my back,and writhe one shoe over the other.我我想想我我得得解解释释一一下下，我我是是校校长长办办公公室室的的常常客客，为为我我最最近近做做过过或或者者没没做做的的事事情情。用用现现在在的的话话来来说说我我是是不不堪堪教教化

12、化的的。其其实实应应该该说说，我我是是顽顽劣劣不不羁羁，头头脑脑迷迷糊糊的的。大大人人们们从从来来不不讲讲道道理理。每每次次在在校校长长桌桌前前接接受受处处罚罚，那那些些雕雕像像在在他他上上方方白白晃晃晃晃地地耀耀眼眼时时，我我就就会会垂垂下下头头，在在身身后后紧紧扣扣双双手手，两两只只鞋鞋不不停停地地蹭蹭来蹭去。来蹭去。The headmaster would look opaquely at me through flashing spectacles.What are we going to do with you?Well,what were they going to do with

13、 me?I would writhe my shoe some more and stare down at the worn rug.Look up,boy!Cant you look up?校校长长透透过过亮亮晶晶晶晶的的眼眼镜镜片片眼眼神神暗暗淡淡地地看看着着我我，：“我我们们该该拿拿你你怎怎么么办呢？办呢？”哦，他们要拿我怎么办呢？我盯着旧地毯更狠命地蹂躏我的鞋。哦，他们要拿我怎么办呢？我盯着旧地毯更狠命地蹂躏我的鞋。“抬起头来，孩子！你就不能抬起头来吗？抬起头来，孩子！你就不能抬起头来吗？”Then I would look at the cupboard,where the nak

14、ed lady was frozen in her panic and the muscular gentleman contemplated the hindquarters of the leopard in endless gloom.I had nothing to say to the headmaster.His spectacles caught the light so that you could see nothing human behind them.There was no possibility of communication.然后我就会抬起头来看橱柜，看着裸体女

15、士被冻结在恐惧中，健硕的男子无限忧郁地凝视着猎豹的后腿。我跟校长没什么好说的。他的镜片反光，所以我看不到镜片后面有什么人性的东西，所以没有交流的可能。Dont you ever think at all?No,I didnt think,wasnt thinking,couldnt think-I was simply waiting in anguish for the interview to stop.Then youd better learn-hadnt you?On one occasion the headmaster leaped to his feet,reached up

16、and plonked Rodins masterpiece on the desk before me.Thats what a man looks like when hes really thinking.I surveyed the gentleman without interest or comprehension.Go back to your class.“你从来都不动脑筋思考的吗？你从来都不动脑筋思考的吗？”不，我不思考，刚才没思考，也不会思考不，我不思考，刚才没思考，也不会思考我只是在痛苦地等待接见结束。我只是在痛苦地等待接见结束。“那你最好学一学那你最好学一学 你学了吗？

17、你学了吗？”有一次，校长跳起身来伸手取下洛丁的杰作重重地放在我面前的桌上。有一次，校长跳起身来伸手取下洛丁的杰作重重地放在我面前的桌上。“一个人真正在思考的时候是这个样子的。一个人真正在思考的时候是这个样子的。”我毫无兴趣地看了看桌上的男子，什么也没弄懂。我毫无兴趣地看了看桌上的男子，什么也没弄懂。“回你班上去。回你班上去。”Clearly there was something missing in me.Nature had endowed the rest of the human race with a sixth sense and left me out.This must be

18、so,I mused,on my way back to the class,since whether I had broken a window,or failed to remember Boyles Law,or been late for school,my teachers produced me one,adult answer:Why cant you think?显显然然我我是是缺缺了了点点什什么么。大大自自然然赋赋予予其其余余的的所所有有的的人人第第六六感感觉觉却却独独独独漏漏掉掉了了我我。一一定定是是这这样样的的，在在回回班班上上去去的的路路上上我我想想着着。因因为为无无

19、论论我我是是打打烂烂了了玻玻璃璃窗窗，不不记记得得波波义义耳耳法法则则，还还是是上上学学迟迟到到了了，我我的的老老师师们们都都会会千篇一律地得出一个答案：千篇一律地得出一个答案：“你为什么不会思考呢？你为什么不会思考呢？”As I saw the case,I had broken the window because I had tried to hit Jack Arney with a cricket ball and missed him;I could not remember Boyles Law because I had never bothered to learn it;a

20、nd I was late for school because I preferred looking over the bridge into the river.In fact,I was wicked.Were my teachers,perhaps,so good that they could not understand the depths of my depravity?Were they clear,untormented people who could direct their every action by this mysterious business of th

21、inking?The whole thing was incomprehensible.In my earlier years,I found even the statuette of the Thinker confusing.I did not believe any of my teachers were naked,ever.Like someone born deaf,but bitterly determined to find out about sound,I watched my teachers to find out about thought.要要我我说说，我我打打碎

22、碎了了玻玻璃璃窗窗是是因因为为我我想想用用板板球球打打杰杰克克.阿阿尼尼没没打打着着；我我记记不不住住波波义义耳耳法法则则是是因因为为我我根根本本没没想想去去记记；迟迟到到了了是是因因为为我我更更喜喜欢欢在在桥桥上上看看河河水水。事事实实上上，我我是是邪邪恶恶的的。难难道道我我的的老老师师们们是是那那么么的的善善良良，以以致致于于无无法法理理解解我我的的堕堕落落深深度度？他他们们是是那那种种心心地地清清澈澈，不不受受折折磨磨，凭凭那那神神秘秘的的思思考考指指导导每每一一个个行行动动的的人人？整整件件事事情情都都是是让让人人无无法法理理解解的的。更更小小一一点点的的时时候候，我我甚甚至至觉觉得得

23、思思索索者者塑塑像像也也是是令令人人迷迷惑惑的的。我我才才不不相相信信我我的的哪哪位位老老师师思思考考的的时时候候是是不不穿穿衣衣服服的的。我我象象那那些些生生来来耳耳聋聋却却决决意意苦苦苦苦寻寻求求声声音音的人一样观察着我的老师们，想要了解思想。的人一样观察着我的老师们，想要了解思想。There was Mr.Houghton.He was always telling me to think.With a modest satisfaction,he would tell that he had thought a bit himself.Then why did he spend so

24、much time drinking?Or was there more sense in drinking than there appeared to be?But if not,and if drinking were in fact ruinous to health-and Mr.Houghton was ruined,there was no doubt about that-why was he always talking about the clean life and the virtues of fresh air?He would spread his arms wid

25、e with the action of a man who habitually spent his time striding along mountain ridges.那那时时有有位位豪豪顿顿先先生生，他他总总是是要要我我思思考考。他他带带着着谦谦逊逊的的满满足足告告诉诉我我他他自自己己就就动动过过一一点点脑脑筋筋思思索索过过。那那么么他他为为什什么么花花那那么么多多时时间间酗酗酒酒？莫莫非非酗酗酒酒其其实实比比外外表表看看起起来来更更有有意意义义？而而如如果果不不是是这这样样，酗酗酒酒事事实实上上损损害害健健康康 豪豪格格先先生生无无疑疑被被酒酒毁毁了了的的 那那他他为为什什么么还还

26、成成天天谈谈论论纯纯净净的的生生活活以以及及新新鲜鲜空空气气的的好好处处？他他一边说一边还会象一位常年在山峦间行走的人那样伸开双臂，说：一边说一边还会象一位常年在山峦间行走的人那样伸开双臂，说：Open air does me good,boys-I know it!Sometimes,exalted by his own oratory,he would leap from his desk and hustle us outside into a hideous wind.Now,boys!Deep breaths!Feel it right down inside you-huge dr

27、aughts of Gods good air!“新鲜空气对我有好处，孩子们 我知道的！”有时候讲到兴头上，他会从讲台上跳下来，把我们赶到外面刺骨的寒风里。“现在，孩子们！深呼吸！感觉上帝创造的美好气流直接进入你们的体内！”He would stand before us,rejoicing in his perfect health,an open-air man.He would put his hands on his waist and take a tremendous breath.You could hear the wind trapped in the cavern of h

28、is chest and struggling with all the unnatural impediments.His body would reel with shock and his ruined face go white at the unaccustomed visitation.He would stagger back to his desk and collapse there,useless for the rest of the morning.他他会会站站在在我我们们面面前前，为为他他的的健健康康而而欣欣喜喜，好好象象他他是是一一个个常常进进行行户户外外活活动动的

29、的人人。他他会会叉叉着着腰腰，深深深深地地吸吸一一口口气气。你你能能听听到到风风被被他他的的胸胸腔腔堵堵住住，遇遇到到障障碍碍物物艰艰难难前前进进发发出出的的声声音音。他他的的身身体体因因为为不不习习惯惯这这样样的的感感觉觉而而摇摇摇摇晃晃晃晃，脸脸色色变变得得惨惨白白。他他会会步步履履蹒蹒跚跚地地走走回回讲台，然后瘫软在那里，一个上午都缓不过劲来。讲台，然后瘫软在那里，一个上午都缓不过劲来。Mr.Houghton was given to high-minded monologues about the good life,sexless and full of duty.Yet in th

30、e middle of one of these monologues,if a girl passed the window,tapping along on her neat little feet,he would interrupt his discourse,his neck would turn of itself and he would watch her out of sight.In this instance,he seemed to me ruled not by thought but by an invisible and irresistible spring i

31、n his nape.豪豪顿顿先先生生喜喜欢欢发发表表关关于于美美好好的的、清清心心寡寡欲欲、尽尽职职尽尽责责生生活活的的独独白白。但但是是在在发发表表这这些些独独白白的的间间隙隙，如如果果有有个个女女孩孩经经过过窗窗前前，灵灵巧巧的的小小脚脚发发出出轻轻轻轻的的脚脚步步声声。他他就就会会停停下下他他的的演演讲讲，脖脖子子不不由由自自主主地地扭扭转转过过去去，一一直直目目送送她她走走出出视视线线之之外外。在在这这种种情情况况下下，我我认认为为他他不不是是受受思思想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。想，而是受他后颈里某个看不到却无法抗拒的发条的控制。His neck was an

32、 object of great interest to me.Normally it bulged a bit over his collar.But Mr.Houghton had fought in the First World War alongside both Americans and French,and had come-by who knows what illogic?-to a settled detestation of both countries.If either country happened to be prominent in current affa

33、irs,no argument could make Mr.Houghton think well of it.He would bang the desk,his neck would bulge still further and go red.You can say what you like,he would cry,but Ive thought about this-and I know what I think!我我对对于于他他的的脖脖子子十十分分感感兴兴趣趣。通通常常它它在在领领口口上上方方稍稍稍稍凸凸出出。但但是是豪豪顿顿先先生生在在第第一一次次世世界界大大战战中中曾曾经经和

34、和美美国国人人和和法法国国人人并并肩肩作作战战，而而且且由由于于谁谁也也弄弄不不懂懂的的逻逻辑辑 对对两两个个国国家家都都深深恶恶痛痛绝绝。无无论论这这两两个个国国家家中中哪哪一一个个在在时时事事中中表表现现突突出出，他他都都对对它它没没有有好好感感，任任何何论论证证都都无无法法说说服服他他。他他会会捶捶着着桌桌子子，脖脖子子胀胀红红：“你你爱爱怎怎么么说说怎怎么么说说，”他他会会叫叫道道：“但但是是我我已已经经想想过过这个问题了，而且我知道我想什么！这个问题了，而且我知道我想什么！”Mr.Houghton thought with his neck.豪顿先生用他的脖子思考。豪顿先生用他的脖子

35、思考。There was Miss.Parsons.She assured us that her dearest wish was our welfare,but I knew even then,with the mysterious clairvoyance of childhood,that what she wanted most was the husband she never got.There was Mr.Hands-and so on.还还有有帕帕森森小小姐姐。她她要要我我们们相相信信她她最最大大的的愿愿望望是是希希望望我我们们幸幸福福，但但是是即即使使是是那那个个时时候

36、候凭凭着着我我小小孩孩子子神神秘秘的的的的直直觉觉我我都都知知道道，她她最最希希望望得得到到的的是是她她从未得到过的丈夫。还有汉兹先生从未得到过的丈夫。还有汉兹先生 等等。等等。I have dealt at length with my teachers because this was my introduction to the nature of what is commonly called thought.Through them I discovered that thought is often full of unconscious prejudice,ignorance,a

37、nd hypocrisy.It will lecture on disinterested purity while its neck is being remorselessly twisted toward a skirt.Technically,it is about as proficient as most businessmens golf,as honest as most politicians intentions,or-to come near my own preoccupation-as coherent as most books that get written.I

38、t is what I came to call grade-three thinking,though more properly,it is feeling,rather than thought.我我要要对对我我的的老老师师们们进进行行详详细细的的分分析析是是为为了了介介绍绍一一下下通通常常被被称称为为思思想想的的本本质质。通通过过他他们们我我发发现现思思考考通通常常是是充充满满了了无无意意识识的的偏偏见见、无无知知和和虚虚伪伪。霍霍顿顿先先生生会会一一边边讲讲授授无无私私的的纯纯洁洁，而而一一边边将将他他的的脖脖子子不不依依不不饶饶地地扭扭向向外外面面的的女女孩孩。从从技技术术的的角角

39、度度来来说说，他他的的脖脖子子的的动动作作就就和和大大多多数数生生意意人人打打高高尔尔夫夫一一样样熟熟练练，和和大大多多数数政政客客的的企企图图一一样样诚诚实实，或或像像大大多多数数的的图图书书创创作作一一样样条条理理清清楚楚。我我把这称为第三级思考，然而，更准确地说是感觉，而非思考。把这称为第三级思考，然而，更准确地说是感觉，而非思考。True,often there is a kind of innocence in prejudices,but in those days I viewed grade-three thinking with an intolerant contempt

40、and an incautious mockery.I delighted to confront a pious lady who hated the Germans with the proposition that we should love our enemies.She taught me a great truth in dealing with grade-three thinkers;because of her,I no longer dismiss lightly a mental process which for nine-tenths of the populati

41、on is the nearest they will ever get to thought.They have immense solidarity.We had better respect them,for we are outnumbered and surrounded.A crowd of grade-three thinkers,all shouting the same thing,all warming their hands at the fire of their own prejudices,will not thank you for pointing out th

42、e contradictions in their beliefs.Man is a gregarious animal,and enjoys agreement as cows will graze all the same way on the side of a hill.诚诚然然，偏偏见见里里也也经经常常包包含含有有单单纯纯的的一一面面。但但是是在在那那时时我我对对第第三三等等级级的的思思考考的的态态度度是是毫毫不不宽宽容容的的蔑蔑视视和和不不假假思思索索的的嘲嘲笑笑。我我以以挑挑战战一一位位虔虔诚诚的的女女教教徒徒为为乐乐，她她仇仇恨恨德德国国人人，我我借借基基督督徒徒的的教教条条说

43、说我我们们应应该该爱爱自自己己的的敌敌人人。因因为为她她，我我不不再再对对第第三三级级思思考考掉掉以以轻轻心心，因因为为对对于于十十分分之之九九的的人人来来说说，这这是是他他们们所所能能达达到到的的最最接接近近思思考考的的程程度度。他他们们高高度度地地团团结结一一致致。我我们们最最好好尊尊重重他他们们，因因为为他他们们的的人人数数超超过过了了我我们们，我我们们被被他他们们包包围围着着。这这许许许许多多多多的的第第三三级级思思考考者者们们拥拥有有相相同同的的话话语语。他他们们因因为为彼彼此此拥拥有有相相同同的的偏偏见见而而感感到到快快乐乐和和满满足足，也也并并不不会会因因为为你你指指出出了了他他

44、们们信信仰仰中中的的矛矛盾盾之之处处而而感感谢谢你你。人们喜欢彼此意见统一，就像牛群会以同样的方式在山坡上吃草一样。人们喜欢彼此意见统一，就像牛群会以同样的方式在山坡上吃草一样。Grade-two thinking is the detection of contradictions.I reached grade two when I trapped the poor,pious lady.Grade-two thinkers do not stampede easily,though often they fall into the other fault and lag behind.G

45、rade-two thinking is a withdrawal,with eyes and ears open.It became my hobby and brought satisfaction and loneliness in either hand.For grade-two thinking destroys without having the power to create.It set me watching the crowds cheering His Majesty the King and asking myself what all the fuss was a

46、bout,without giving me anything positive to put in the place of that heady patriotism.第第二二个个等等级级的的思思考考是是对对于于矛矛盾盾的的觉觉察察。难难倒倒那那位位可可怜怜而而虔虔诚诚的的老老太太太太的的时时候候我我达达到到了了这这个个层层次次。尽尽管管第第二二级级思思考考者者们们经经常常会会陷陷入入其其他他的的错错误误并并落落在在后后面面，但但他他们们不不会会轻轻易易人人云云亦亦云云。第第二二等等级级思思考考是是一一种种警警醒醒状状态态下下的的退退缩缩。这这种种思思考考成成为为我我的的嗜嗜好好，给给我我

47、带带来来满满足足感感的的同同时时也也带带来来孤孤独独感感。因因为为第第二二等等级级思思考考具具有有破破坏坏却却没没有有创创造造的的能能力力。它它让让我我在在冷冷眼眼看看着着人人群群为为国国王王陛陛下下欢欢呼呼的的时时候候觉觉得得这这样样的的喧喧嚣嚣不不知知所所谓谓，却却无无法法给给我我任任何何有有效效的的方方式式来来代代替替这种轻率的爱国主义。这种轻率的爱国主义。But there were compensations.To hear people justify their habit of hunting foxes and tearing them to pieces by claimi

48、ng that the foxes like it.To hear our Prime Minister talk about the great benefit we conferred on India by jailing people like Nehru and Gandhi.To hear American politicians talk about peace in one sentence and refuse to join the League of Nations in the next.Yes,there were moments of delight.但但是是补补偿

49、偿还还是是有有的的。听听听听人人们们通通过过宣宣称称狐狐狸狸喜喜欢欢被被猎猎从从而而为为自自己己猎猎狐狐的的习习惯惯辩辩解解。听听听听我我们们的的首首相相谈谈论论通通过过监监禁禁像像尼尼赫赫鲁鲁和和甘甘地地这这样样的的人人而而给给予予印印度度的的巨巨大大好好处处。听听听听美美国国的的政政客客们们谈谈论论着着和和平平却却拒拒绝绝加加入入国国际际联联盟盟。是是的的，还是可以从中找到快乐的。还是可以从中找到快乐的。But I was growing toward adolescence and had to admit that Mr.Houghton was not the only one wi

50、th an irresistible spring in his neck.I,too,felt the compulsive hand of nature and began to find that pointing out contradiction could be costly as well as fun.There was Ruth,for example,a serious and attractive girl.I was an atheist at the time.Grade-two thinking is a menace to religion and knocks