英语语法主谓一致.ppt

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1、主谓一致主谓一致主谓一致是指：v1）语法形式语法形式上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。上要一致，即单复数形式与谓语要一致。vThe number of students in our school is 1,700.vMary and Kelly look alike.v2）意义意义上要一致，上要一致，The crowd were running for their lives.v单数形式代表复数内容单数形式代表复数内容的词有的词有people、staff、police、cattle等。等。v形复意单形复意单的单词有的单词有news、works（工厂）、（工厂）、means和以和以ics结尾

2、的学科名称结尾的学科名称physics、politics、economics等。等。v3）就近原则就近原则，例如：，例如：v There is much water in the thermos.vNot onlybut also,Neithernor,Either or就远原则-谓语动词与前面的主语一致v当主语有当主语有with,together with,along with,as well as,combined with,accompanied by,including,rather than,but、except、besides、in addition to等词组成的短语时，谓语动词

3、与等词组成的短语时，谓语动词与前面的主语部分前面的主语部分一致。例如：一致。例如：v教师和一些学生在参观工厂。教师和一些学生在参观工厂。vThe teacher together with some students is visiting the factory.v他和我想去划船。他和我想去划船。vHe as well as I wants to go boating.谓语需用单数v1）当主语是国名）当主语是国名,机构名机构名,宗教宗教,军队军队,书籍时，书籍时，谓语动词常用单数。例如：谓语动词常用单数。例如：vThe Arabian Night is a book known to lov

4、ers of English.vThe Navy accepts people of 18 years or older.v2）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词）表示金钱，时间，价格或度量衡的复合名词作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语作主语时，通常把这些名词看作一个整体，谓语一般用单数。例如：一般用单数。例如：vThree weeks was allowed for making the necessary preparations.v3)不定代词不定代词each、every、no所修饰的名词所修饰的名词即使以即使以and或逗号连接成多主语时或逗号连接成多主语时,如：如：Each

5、 boy and each girl in my class has a dictionary.4)如果主语有如果主语有more than one ，或，或many a one and a half构成，构成，v从意义上看是复数内容，从意义上看是复数内容，v但它的谓语动词用单数形式。但它的谓语动词用单数形式。vMore than one student has seen the play.Many a boy has bought that kind of toy.v特例特例v“more+复数名词复数名词+than one”结构之后，结构之后，谓语用复数。谓语用复数。v5）a series o

6、f a portion of a species of a kind of a chain of a piece of a set ofvRecently a series of accidents has occurred on highways.v6)名词所有格之后的名词被省略作主语时，动词一般名词所有格之后的名词被省略作主语时，动词一般用单数。用单数。vMy uncles is not for from here.v常见的省略名词有常见的省略名词有the bakers、the barbers、the Zhangs等。等。v特例特例表示店铺的名词用作主语时，谓语用复数。如：表示店铺的名词用

7、作主语时，谓语用复数。如：Richardsons have a lot of old goods to sell.v7）动名词、不定式、从句做主）动名词、不定式、从句做主语时语时vLearning English is a hard job.vTo be successful needs efforts.vWhat we need is more money.谓语动词一定是复数v1)一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主一些由两个部分构成的名词表示衣物或工具作主语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如语时，谓语通常用复数形式。如glasses、clothes、trousers、shoes、compas

8、ses、chopsticks、scissors等。等。v但如果主语用但如果主语用a kind of、a pair of、a series of等等加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。加名词构成时，谓语动词一般用单数形式。A pair of shoes was on the desk.谓语动词一定是复数v2)如果主语由“the+形容词（或分词）”结构担任时，谓语通常用复数。这类词有the rich、the poor、the brave、the injured、the living、the wounded等。指人v如表抽象的也可以用单数，如the unknown、the beautiful等。v

9、3）主语形式虽为单数，但意义为复数，谓语动词用复数。vThe crowd were running for their lives.v单数形式代表复数内容的词有people、police、staff、cattle等。谓语的单复数视情况而定v1）代词）代词what,who,none,some,any,more,most,all等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：等词的单复数由其指代的词的单复数决定。例如：vAll is right.vAll are present.v2）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来）集体名词作主语时，谓语的数要根据主语的意思来决定。如决定。如family

10、,audience,crew,crowd,class,company,committee、police等例如：等例如：vHis family isnt very large.vHis family are music lovers.v提醒提醒集合名词集合名词people,police，staff,cattle等在任等在任何情况下都用何情况下都用复数复数形式。形式。v3）单复数同形）单复数同形v原本单数形式的原本单数形式的vA sheep is over there.vSome sheep are over there.vChinese、Japanese v原本复数形式的单、复数同形原本复数形式

11、的单、复数同形vmeans、works、species4）并列结构作主语时）并列结构作主语时 Reading and writing are very important.vThe iron and steel industry is very important to our life.vThe League secretary and monitor is asked to make a speech at the meeting.v注意：注意：当主语由and连结时，如果它表示单一的概念，谓语动词用单数，and 此时连接的两个词前只有一个冠词。vTruth and honesty is t

12、he best policy.vTo love and to be loved is the great happiness.vGoing to bed early and getting up early is a good habit.vA knife and fork is on the table.vWhen and where has not yet been decided.v5）“分数或百分数分数或百分数+名词名词”v 由由“a lot of,lots of,plenty of,a large quantity of,half of，part of+名词名词”构成的构成的短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中短语作主语时，其谓语动词要与短语中of后面后面的名词的数保持一致的名词的数保持一致v如：如：Lots of damage was caused by flood.A number of students have gone to the countryside.特别注意：v Each，one of