高考英语完形填空解题技巧ppt课件.pptx

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1、高考英语完型填空技巧点拨1.1.题材常为说明文或题材常为说明文或夹叙夹议的文章夹叙夹议的文章.2.2.内容完整内容完整,逻辑性强逻辑性强,语言结构严谨语言结构严谨.3.3.考察近义词语细微差别的辨析考察近义词语细微差别的辨析.4.4.考察重点多为实词考察重点多为实词:名名/代代/动词动词/形容形容/副词等副词等.5.5.关注语境背景知识关注语境背景知识,侧重上下关联侧重上下关联,暗示判断能力暗示判断能力.6.6.侧重于篇章侧重于篇章,体现语用判断和内在逻辑体现语用判断和内在逻辑.完型填空特点完型填空特点:考纲解读考纲解读 完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及的知识面很广，是完形填空是一种综合测试，涉及

2、的知识面很广，是用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。用来测试考生的阅读理解能力和综合应用语言的能力。具体表现在以下几个方面：具体表现在以下几个方面：(1)(1)词语辨析能力词语辨析能力(2)(2)语法结构分析能力语法结构分析能力(3)(3)语篇理解能力语篇理解能力(4)(4)逻辑推理能力逻辑推理能力(5)(5)文化背景透析能力文化背景透析能力(6)(6)作者意图剖析能力作者意图剖析能力(7)(7)生活常识综合运用能力生活常识综合运用能力解题方法解题方法：总的原则总的原则:“先完意，后完形先完意，后完形”。八字方针：八字方针：上下求索，瞻前顾后。上下求索，瞻前顾后。三步曲：三步曲：读

3、读填填读读Tips:1.tense and voice，the accord between subject and predicate (时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致时态语态，主谓语在上下文的中是否一致)2.grammar and collocations (语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致语法和习惯用法的搭配在上下文中是否一致)3.the connection between sentences and paragraphs (段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯段与段，句与句之间的衔接是否连贯)4.the meaning of the whole passage (整体上检查结

4、构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理整体上检查结构、语义及逻辑是否一致，上下文的衔接是否合理)完形填空完形填空 九大解题技巧九大解题技巧1.利用首句来解题利用首句来解题Ididverybadlyatschool.MyheadmasterthoughtIwas36andwhenIwas14,hesaid,“Yourenevergoingtobe37(anything)butafailure.”36.A.brightB.uselessC.simpleD.hopeful2.根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题根据上下文语境，合理推断来解题Ourfatherwasastruggling36(lawy

5、er),butIalwaysknewhewas37.Henevercriticizedus,butused38tobringoutourbest.37.A.strictB.honestC.specialD.learned38.A.helpB.peaceC.smileD.praisePracticeHisbigstomachhasalwaysballoonedoutbetweenhisT-shirtandtrousers.Althoughhisfamilyoften43aboutthat,Edrefusedtobuya44T-shirtortoloseweight.43.A.caredB.for

6、gotC.quarreled D.joked44.A.cleanB.straightC.largerD.darker常见的标志性的词语有以下几种常见的标志性的词语有以下几种:结构层次结构层次:firstly,secondly,thirdly；逻辑关系：逻辑关系：thus,therefore,so；递进关系：递进关系：besides,whatsmore,further;转折关系：转折关系：but,while,however等。等。3.利用语篇的标志性的词语解题利用语篇的标志性的词语解题1.A.disappointing B.wonderfulC.uncomfortableD.importantS

7、hetoldthefront-deskclerkshehadhada(n)_1_vacation,butwasheart-brokenaboutlosingseveralrollsofKodakcolorfilmshehadnotyetdeveloped._andtheofficersthenbegantoeattheirmeal,sayingthatthemushroomshadaverystrange_37_quitepleasanttaste.37.A.besidesB.butC.andD.or 4.根据根据逻辑逻辑推理解推理解题题Studentsgenerallyappreciatet

8、hesespecial50opportunities.Theyarealmostalwaysfunandinteresting,andprofessors51themtoobecausestudentslearnsomuchinjustafewshortmonths.50.A.workingB.livingC.teachingD.learning51.A.holdB.likeC.dislikeD.discoverPracticeTheamountofusablewaterhasalwaysbeenofgreatinterestintheworld.36(Owning)springsandstr

9、eamssometimesmeanscontrol,particularlyinthe37areaslikethedesert.AdryBdistantCdesertedDwild5.根据常根据常识识和文化背景的角度来和文化背景的角度来选择选择Iwentintoacafandaskedforacoffee.21Iwaswaitingformydrink,Irealizedthattherewereotherpeopleintheplace,butIsensed22(loneliness).ABeforeBSinceCAlthough DWhile6.从从语语法角度来解法角度来解题题1)Hewa

10、sonlyfourteenandwasnotgoodatswimming_1_.Soheshouldnthavegoneintothatplace.1.A.afterallB.inallC.atallD.forall2)SoItriedhardwithmywritingandwenttocollege.Myfirstnovel45whileIwasatcollege.45.A.cameonB.cameinC.cameoutD.cameback7.从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题从词汇辨析和固定搭配方面来解题8.利用利用词汇词汇的复的复现现解解题题Howdoesatoothgobad?The51b

11、eginsinalittlecrackintheenamel(珐琅）珐琅）coveringofthetooth.Thishappensaftergermsandbitsoffoodhavecollectedthere.Thenthedecayslowlyspreadsinsidethetooth.Intheend,poisongoesintoblood,andwemayfeelquiteill.51.A.destructionB.decayC.faultD.hurt上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。上文中讲蛀牙如何产生。空空51和红体单词在意义和红体单词在意义上是一致的，上是一致的，属于属于同义词复现现象

12、同义词复现现象。.Iraisedthepistolandfired.Theanimalfellbackwardswithanangrycry.Fathertookthe_38_smokingpistolfrommyhand,andfiredanothershot,whichkilledthegorilla.38.A.stillB.yetC.evenD.already9.利用利用语语气副气副词词的情景解的情景解题题summary研究首尾找主题上下联系寻信息左顾右盼找搭配思前想后觅逻辑语境分析辨词义集中精力破难题回读检查补漏洞 The three youths leaned over the me

13、tal rails along the sea-wall and watched a few fishermen pull in their nets.About thirty metres away,a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea.“Hey,look!”exclaimed Rahim.“Those two men are 37 heavy rocks.I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological 38 .”“you d

14、ont 39 a crane(起重机)to unload less than a dozen rocks,do you?”smiled Joshua.“But those men dont 40 to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised.Joshua smiled.“They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they 42 .See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of

15、his 43 .Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head,some on the right hand and some on the left hand.His body isnt bent.His legs are well 45 .”小试牛刀小试牛刀 “Youre right,Josh.He may have a small build.46 he certainly well knows his job.Dear me!And to think we have been studying 47 !”Rahim thought about a

16、ll that was happening.Suddenly,he said,“Technology wont 48 the human being completely,it appears.”“I dont think it will.”49 Joshua.“You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large,multi-purpose tractors,but you 50 use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes,will you?”“Y

17、ou can get a computer to 51 multiple-choice assessments,but you cannot get the computer to produce of assess essays,can you?”asked Michael.“Well,the washing machine leaves my shirt collar quite as 52 as ever-thats domestic technology for you!”said Rahim.“One day,perhaps,there wont be anybody 53 who

18、can carry a large rock the way those men do.Its not going to be a very 54 world,Im afraid.”Sighed Michael.“Youre too much of a pessimist(悲观主义者)，Mike.”Said Joshua.“55 will always be other things that will make the world exciting.”36.A.through B.across C.down D.up37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.

19、uncovering38.A.way B.revolution C.process D.era39.A.ask B.expect C.attempt D.hope40.A.happen B.fail C.have D.seem41.A.ambitious B.experienced C.otential D.energetic42.A.take B.fetch C.carry D.bring43.A.shoulder B.back C.chest D.arms44.A.on B.against C.toward D.under45.A.supported B.grasped C.placed

20、D.strengthened46.A.but B.however C.so D.therefore47.A.chemistry B.physics C.biology D.psychology48.A.control B.affect C.remove D.replace49.A.agreed B.proposed C.refused D.denied50.A.cant B.mustnt C.wont D.neednt51.A.point out B.take out C.hand out D.print out52.A.dirty B.clean C.old D.new53.A.caught B.arranged C.left D.convinced54.A.exciting B.mysterious C.technological D.modern55.A.That B.This C.They D.There答案：答案：CBDBD BCABC ABDAC DACAD