初中情态动词讲解(推荐完整).ppt

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1、Learning goals:复习部分情态动词的用法复习部分情态动词的用法12情态动词的新用法情态动词的新用法情态动词表示推测情态动词表示推测3对物品的归属进行猜测对物品的归属进行猜测思考？思考？你记得学过哪些主要的情态动词吗？你记得学过哪些主要的情态动词吗？12情态动词有哪些语法特征呢？情态动词有哪些语法特征呢？can.could,may,must，might,haveto3情态动词如何使用呢？情态动词如何使用呢？1.情态动词有具体的词义。情态动词有具体的词义。2.情态动词没有人称和数的变化。情态动词没有人称和数的变化。3.情态动词情态动词后后必须跟必须跟动词原形动词原形，两者，两者一起构成

2、谓语动词。一起构成谓语动词。4.一般疑问句提前边，一般疑问句提前边，否定句在后直接加否定句在后直接加not.can/cannot1.表示能力表示能力(会会)1)MarycanspeakEnglish,butshecannotspeakFrench.2)Canyouliftthisheavybox?3)Canyouskate?2.表示允许表示允许(可以可以)1）CanIuseyourdictionary?2）-CanIgohomenow?-Yes,youcan./No,youcant.1.是是can的过去式；的过去式；表示过去的能力；表示过去的能力；Hecouldrideabikeattheag

3、eoffive.2.用于婉转语气用于婉转语气,多用于问句。多用于问句。“能，可以能，可以”Couldyoupleasecleantheroom?-CouldIcometoseeyoutomorrow?-Yes,youcan.(No,youcant.)此处此处could不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，不是过去式，只是语气更委婉，答语中不能用答语中不能用could和和couldnt，要用要用can和和cant。couldmay/maynot1.表示请求和表示请求和允许允许(可以可以),比比can正式正式.MayIcomein?Hemaycomeifhelikes.may的用法的用法:may/mayno

4、tmay的的一般一般疑问句，其否定回疑问句，其否定回答答用用cant或或mustnt。1.-MayIgohomenow?-Yes,youmay./Sure./Yes,please.No,youcant./mustnt.2.-MayIuseyourwashroomnow?-No,you_.Theressomethingwrongwiththetoilet.A.needntB.mustntC.shouldntD.didntBmust/mustnotmust必须必须,表示说话人的表示说话人的主观意志。主观意志。Youmustdoyourhomeworkfirst.must 的用法的用法:must/m

5、ustnotmustnt表示禁止表示禁止，不准，不允许。，不准，不允许。Youmustntsmokehere.Youmustntplaywithfire.must not的用法的用法:must/mustnot以以must开头的开头的疑问句疑问句，肯定回答：肯定回答：Yes,must.否定回答否定回答:No,neednt.或或No,donthaveto.-MustIcleantheclassroomnow?-Yes,you_.-No,you_./No,you_.mustneedntdonthavetoneed作作情态动词，情态动词，主要用于主要用于疑问句疑问句和和否定句否定句中中need一般疑问

6、句一般疑问句:肯定回答用肯定回答用Yes,must，否定回答用否定回答用No,neednt.或或No,donthaveto.如：如：NeedIdoitnow?Yes,you_。No,you_.need作作行为动词行为动词，有人称、数和时态的，有人称、数和时态的变化后接变化后接todo，即即needtodosth.needmustneednt/donthavetomight/maymight1.是是may的过去式。的过去式。2.表示推测表示推测,可能性较小。可能性较小。1)Hemightbeverybusynow.2)Yourmothermightknowthetruth.may也表示猜测，意为

7、也表示猜测，意为“可能可能”。3)WhereismyEnglishbook?Itmight/maybeinyourdesk.用适当的情态动词填空：用适当的情态动词填空：1.Icanplayfootball._youswim?2.Icantplaywithyou.I_finishmyhomeworkfirst.3.I_getupearlytomorrow.becauseIhaveameeting.4.Nobody_livewithoutair.Canmustmustcan 5._Icomein?Yes,please.6._youpleasetellmewherethestationis?7.Mu

8、stIfinishtheworknow?No,you_.8.-NeedItakethisbookout?-Yes,you_.A.canB.mayC.needD.must9._thegirlreadbeforeshewenttoschool?A.CanB.MustC.CanD.CouldMay Could neednt D D Whose dog is this?It might/could be_.He is a singer and actor,he is known by everyone.Whose dog is this?It must be Liu Dehuas.It might/c

9、ould be_.He is a singer and actor,he is known by everyone.Anactor,heistall,coolandpopular.Whosedogisthis?Itmight/couldbe_.Anactor,heistall,coolandpopular.Whosedogisthis?Itmight/couldbe_.ItmustbeZhangHans.He is a basketball player.Whose car is this?It might/could be _.He is a basketball player.Whose

10、car is this?It might/could be _.It must be_.Itcantbe_.mineYaoMingsHeisrichbuthelpful.Whosecaristhis?Itmight/couldbe_.Itcantbe_.Itmustbe_.Heisrichbuthelpful.Whosecaristhis?Itmight/couldbe_.Itcantbe_.Imustbe_.mineBill Gates情态动词表推测讲解情态动词表推测讲解must表示推测表示推测must表示非常肯定的或有把握的推测，表示非常肯定的或有把握的推测，意为意为“一定，必定一定，必定

11、”。只用在肯定句中，不能用于否定句中。只用在肯定句中，不能用于否定句中。Eg.Youhaveworkedhardallday.Youmustbetired.might,could表示推测表示推测语气更委婉，表示的可能性较小，说话中留语气更委婉，表示的可能性较小，说话中留有余地，意为有余地，意为“可能，也许，或许可能，也许，或许”。1.Thefootballmight/couldbeJacks.Helikesallkindsofballgames.2.LiuMeiisntheretoday.Shemight/couldbeill.cant意为意为“不可能不可能”,必用在否定句中。必用在否定句中。

12、-The man cant be Mr.Green.-He has gone to America.情态动词情态动词must,might,could,cant 表示推测表示推测的含义与用法。的含义与用法。情态动词情态动词must,might,could,cant 后面都接后面都接动词原形动词原形，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测或推断，都可以表示对现在情况的揣测或推断，但他们的含义有所不同：但他们的含义有所不同：must 一定，肯定（一定，肯定（100%的可能性）的可能性）might,could 有可能，也许（有可能，也许（20%80%的可能性）的可能性）cant 不可能，不会（可能性几乎为零）不可

13、能，不会（可能性几乎为零）活动探究活动探究 意思意思推推测程度程度must一定，肯定一定，肯定用于非常确定的推用于非常确定的推测maymight/could有可能，有可能，也也许用于不确定的推用于不确定的推测can/cant不可能，不可能，不会不会在疑在疑问句和否定句中句和否定句中表推表推测 情态动词表示推测情态动词表示推测 常考的有：常考的有：对某事判断的程度：对某事判断的程度：must could might cantmust,could,might,cantChoose must,might,could,cant ,can to fill in the blanks.1.The stor

14、ybook_ be hers.It has her name on it.2.The beautiful trousers _ be Lilys.Because theyre too long.3.I cant find my key.It_ be left at home.4.The volleyball_ be Sallys or Anns.They both like playing volleyball.5.The piano_ belong to Alice.She often plays the piano.mustcantcould/mightmight/couldmight/c

15、ould7.The pen_ belong to him.Its on his desk.might/could8.My mother _ be at home.She left home with me.She has gone to go to work.cant9.This basketball _ be Nings.He plays basketball every day.could/might10.This school uniform _ be Nicks.Its too small for him.cant6._that wallet yours?-No,it _be mine

16、.Mine is here.Cancant用用用用must,could,cant,mightmust,could,cant,might填空。填空。填空。填空。1.-Excuseme,whosebookisthis?-It_beJohns.Ithashisnameonit.2.Theman_bemyEnglishteacher.HehasgonetoCanada.3.It_beJimsfootball.Helikesplayingfootballverymuch.must cant might/could【例例1】-Jim is reading a book under that tree.-I

17、t _ be Jim.He has gone to Hainan.A.may B.mustnt C.cant D.could C典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例2】-Where are you going this month?-We _ go to Xiamen,but were not sure.A.neednt B.must C.might D.mustnt C典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例3】Wheres Mr Li?I have something important to tell him.You _ find him.He _ Japan.A.may not,has gone to

18、 B.may not,has been to C.cant，has gone to D.cant,has been toC典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例4】Could I look at your pictures?Yes,of course you _.A.could B.can C.will D.mightB典型例题解析典型例题解析【例例5】Where is Jack，please?He_be in the classroom.2013 杭州杭州 A.can B.need C.would D.mustD典型例题解析典型例题解析(可能是Mary。)(不可能是Mary。)Mum:Who is

19、it?J:It must be Tom.M:It might/could be Mary.J:It cant be Mary.She is in China.(一定是Tom。)(可能是Kate。)(绝对不是Marry。)Mum:Who is it?Jim:(一定是Tom。)It must be Tom.It might/could be Kate.It cant be Marry.She is in China.-It_ belong to Mark or Lili Because they both play football.-Whose football is this?might co

20、uld mustLiliMark-It_ belong to Bush.Because_Bush-Whose red bicycle is this?cant his bike is white and blue.Can this T-shirt beJims?It cant be Jims.Because its too small for him.JimLiu xiang-It_ be Liu Xiangs.-Whose exercise book is this?mustIt must belong to Liu XiangBecauseithashisnameonit.语言点：语言点：

21、whosewhose 谁的谁的1.Whosetruckisthat?(同义句同义句)_isthat_?2.Ithinkthatismyfathersshirt.（就划线部分提问）（就划线部分提问）_shirtdoyouthink_?3.By_thecarwasinvented?Whose thatisWhosetruckwhomWhoseisthis?Itcantbexxs.Itmustbexxs.Itcould/mightbexxs.belongtoxxx.belongtoxxx.belongtoxxx.It is mine/yours/hers/his/ours.=It belongs t

22、o me/you/her/him/us.Its Li Pings.=It belongs to Li Ping.belong to sb(名词/代词的宾格)=be sbs (名词所有格/名词性物主代词)belongtobelongto 属于属于属于属于1.不能用于进行时态不能用于进行时态2.不能用于被动语态不能用于被动语态3.belongto+名词名词或代词的或代词的宾格宾格。4.常与名词性物主代词或名词所有格进行常与名词性物主代词或名词所有格进行句型转换句型转换,即：即：belongto+sb./代词宾格代词宾格=be+sbs/名词性物主代词名词性物主代词。1.Who is the owne

23、r of the black box?(同义句转换同义句转换)_ does the black box _ _?2.Would you like to have a _(野餐野餐)with us this weekend?课时训练课时训练Who/Whom belongto picnic 3.ThisbikeisLucys.(同义句同义句)Thisbike_Lucy.4.Itmustbehers.(变否定句变否定句)It_hers.5.-Whosestorybookisthis?-It_Jack.Isawhimreadingjustnow.A.mustbeB.mustbelongtoC.isD.

24、bebelongto belongsto cantbeB 小结：情态动词归纳小结：情态动词归纳can:1.表示能力，表示能力，“能，会能，会”2.表示允许，表示允许，“可以可以”，CanI?较口语化。较口语化。3.表示推测。表示推测。cant只用于否定句中只用于否定句中。could:1.是是can的过去式，表示过去的能力。的过去式，表示过去的能力。2.could表示更为委婉的语气。表示更为委婉的语气。3.表示猜测，表示猜测，“很可能很可能”may:1.表示许可，表示许可，“可以可以”。2.以以may引导的一般引导的一般疑问句疑问句的的否定否定回答回答cant/mustnt用。用。3.表示推测，

25、用于肯定句中。表示推测，用于肯定句中。might:1.是是may的过去式。的过去式。2.表示猜测，可能性比表示猜测，可能性比could小。小。must：1.表示说话人的主观意志，表示说话人的主观意志，“必须必须”。2.mustnt表示表示“禁止，不允许禁止，不允许”。3.must引导的引导的疑问句疑问句，否定回答用，否定回答用neednt/donthaveto.4.must表示猜测，表示猜测，”一定一定“，只用于只用于肯定句中。肯定句中。need:1.作作情态动词情态动词时，用于时，用于疑问句和否定疑问句和否定句。句。2.need引导的疑问句，引导的疑问句，肯定肯定回答用回答用must，否定否

26、定回答用回答用neednt/donthaveto。3.need作为作为行为动词行为动词，有人称和数的变，有人称和数的变化，后跟化，后跟todo。情态动词表示推测的情态动词表示推测的时态时态对对现在现在情况的推测情况的推测 情态动词情态动词+do对对正在发生正在发生的事情的事情的推测的推测 情态动词情态动词+bedoing对对过去或已完成过去或已完成事事情的推测情的推测 情态动词情态动词+havedoneHemusthaveacarnow.（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。（现在）他一定有辆小汽车。Hemustbedoinghisexercisesintheclassroom.（正在进行）他一定在教室里

27、做练习。（正在进行）他一定在教室里做练习。Hemust have finishedthework.（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。（过去发生）他一定已完成了工作。Hemay/mightbesleepingnow.Theboymay/mightnotbewatchingTVathome.这个男孩可能没在家看电视这个男孩可能没在家看电视Thesestudentsmay/mighthaveseenthefilmbefore.（过去）（过去）这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。这些学生以前可能看过这部电影。1.Itiselevenoclock.They_(have)classes.2.Sheissmiling.She_(know)thegoodnews.mustbehaving musthaveknown翻译翻译:1.Imustbedreaming.2.Hemightberunningtocatchabus.3.Hecouldberunningforexercise.4.Theymustbemakingamovie.5.Manypeoplearewearingcoats.Theweather_becoldoutside.6.Icantfindmybag.Ithinksomebodymusthavepickeditup.Thank you!