2019高中英语 Unit 22 Environmental Protection Section Ⅱ Warm-up.doc

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1、1SectionSection WarmupWarmup beyond ones control; look ahead; refer to; in turn; lead to; take action; be trapped in1. The union said that they would take_action to defend their members jobs.2. Ill take a look at each of the components in_turn.83._A_number_of questions came up at the meeting.4. Six

2、men have_been_trapped_in a mine for seventeen hours.5. His foolish behavior led_to his eventual failure.6. Things have gone beyond_our_control.7. You can refer_to your notes when you are speaking.8. We must look_ahead before we make a decision.(教材 P6)WithoutWithout_ _thesethese_ _naturallynaturally_

3、 _occurringoccurring_ _gasesgases，thethe sunssuns raysrays wouldwould bouncebounce backback intointo spacespace leavingleaving thethe EarthEarth coldcold andand impossibleimpossible toto livelive on.on.如果没有这些自然产生的气体，太阳光线将会被反射回太空中，使得地球处于寒冷之中而不适合生命的存在。【要点提炼】 本句为一个含蓄虚拟条件句， “Without these naturally occu

4、rring gases”在句中表示虚拟条件，相当于虚拟条件句“if there were not these naturally occurring gases.” 。含蓄虚拟条件句中没有明显的虚拟条件句，而是利用其他手段来暗示存在的虚拟条件，如 but for，without，otherwise 等。ButBut forfor his help，we would not have succeeded.If it had not been for his help，we would not have succeeded.要不是他帮忙，我们是不会成功的。Im really busy，otherw

5、ise，I would certainly go with you.我确实很忙，不然的话，我就和你一起去了。(教材 P6)TheThe amountamount ofof carboncarbon dioxidedioxide inin thethe atmosphereatmosphere hashas risenrisen byby moremore thanthan 30%30% inin thethe lastlast 250250 yearsyears withwith_ _halfhalf_ _ofof_ _thisthis_ _increaseincrease_ _occurri

6、ngoccurring_ _sincesince_ _19601960. .在过去的 250250 年里，大气中的二氧化碳含量已经增加了 30%30%以上，而其中的一半是在 19601960 年以后增加的。【要点提炼】 句中出现了 with 复合结构：with宾语(half of this increase)宾语补足语(occurring since 1960)，该结构在句中作伴随状语。with 复合结构在句中常作定语或状语。其结构如下：9The peasants have a good harvest with all the crops got(get) in.庄稼收割了，农民们有了一个好

7、收成。The teacher entered the classroom with a book in his hand.老师手里拿着书进了教室。So in the afternoon, with nothing to_do(do), I went on a round of the bookshops. 由于下午无事可做，我就去书店转了转。(教材 P6)GivenGiven_ _thisthis_ _datadata，itit seemsseems thatthat thethe linklink betweenbetween humanhuman activitiesactivities

8、andand risingrising globalglobal temperaturestemperatures isis notnot merelymerely a a coincidence.coincidence.考虑到这个数据，看起来人类活动与正在上升的全球温度之间的联系就不仅仅是一个巧合了。【要点提炼】 句中 given this data 在此为介词短语作状语，不要误以为是过去分词作状语，given 在此为介词，也可作连词。given/consideringError!考虑到；鉴于seeing (that)从句 鉴于；考虑到provided/providing(that) 如果；

9、假设；在条件下suppose/supposing (that) 假定；假设；设想ProvidedProvided (thatthat)there is no opposition，I will act as representative of our class.倘若没人反对的话，我将担任本班的代表。Considering(consider)(that)he did not study，he did well on the test.考虑到他没有用功，考得还算不错。完成句子1如果没有你的帮助，我们的实验是不会成功的。But for your help we _.2他举着手站了一会儿。He st

10、ood for an instant _.3如果他支持我们，我们就会赢得选举。_， well win the election.10【答案】 1.couldnt have succeeded in the experiment 2.with his hand raised 3.Given that he supports usA temperature increase of 1 F may not sound like a lot，but if we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantit

11、ies，we are condemning life on Earth and should expect severe consequences.【分析】 该句中 but 连接两个并列分句；在后一分句中，if 引导条件状语从句。【翻译】 _【答案】 气温升高 1 华氏度听起来无所谓，但是如果我们继续制造这么多的二氧化碳和其他气体，我们将毁灭地球上的生命，后果将非常严重。转述结构阅读下列句子并体会下列句子的用法1TheyThey claimclaim thatthat in the last 50 years, gases pumped into the Earths atmosphere b

12、y the factories and vehicles have been speeding up.2ScientistsScientists foundfound thatthat the temperature of the Earth is controlled by greenhouse gases.3ManyMany expertsexperts insistinsist thatthat the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human activities.4ExpertsExperts advoca

13、teadvocate thatthat each person play their part.5The doctor asked me if/whether I was feeling better that day.6She asked， “When will you get back from London, Mr Brown？”SheShe askedasked MrMr BrownBrown whenwhen he would get back from London.7 “Follow your teachers instructions， ”Mother said to the

14、son.MotherMother toldtold thethe sonson toto followfollow thethe teachers instructions.11一、常见的转述结构1动词that.that.that 引导的从句为间接引语。常用动词有add，admit，agree，announce，believe，boast，claim，complain，deny，declare，explain，insist，remind，suggest，warn 等。They announced that she would give one extra song.他们宣布她将再唱一首歌。He

15、 believes that she is fit for the job.他相信她能胜任这项工作。2动词sb.sb.that.that.常用动词有 warn，remind，tell 等。He warned me that I couldnt go out alone at night.他警告我晚上不能单独出去。She reminded me that I hadnt written to mother.她提醒我还没有给母亲写信。3动词sb.sb.toto dodo sth.sth.常用动词有 advise，beg，order，promise 等。The doctor advised me t

16、o take more exercise.医生嘱咐我多加锻炼。I promised my mother to get up early in the morning.我向妈妈承诺早上早起。4动词toto dodo sth.sth.常用动词有 agree，offer，refuse，threaten 等。He offered to lend me some books.他主动提出要借给我一些书。The boss threatened to dismiss us if we didnt obey him.老板威胁我们说，如果违背他就开除我们。5动词v.ingv.ing常用动词有 admit，deny

17、，suggest，advocate 等。She suggested staying there another day.他建议在那儿再待一天。He denied having seen these watches before.他否认曾经见过这些手表。6动词if/whether.if/whether.12常用动词有 inquire，ask 等。She asked whether I took sugar in my tea.她问我是否在茶中加糖。7动词介词v.ingv.ing常用动词词组有 accuse of，succeed in 等。He was accused of stealing th

18、e money.他被指控偷钱。二、直接引语变为间接引语时，从句时态无需改变的情况1当直接引语为客观真理、自然现象以及谚语、格言时。Our teacher said to us， “Failure is the mother of success.”Our teacher told us that failure is the mother of success.2当直接引语部分带有具体的时间状语时。He introduced to us， “The singer was born in 1950.”He introduced to us that the singer was born in

19、1950.3当主句谓语动词是一般现在时或将来时态的时候。“Where is he really from？”I wonder.I wonder where he is really from.4强调所谈情况仍然存在。“China will launch another satellite.”The spokesperson announced.The spokesperson announced China will launch another satellite.5当直接引语中有情态动词 should，would，could，had better 等时。The doctor said， “

20、Youd better drink plenty of water.”The doctor said Id d betterbetter drink plenty of water.单句语法填空1. He said he _ (not, see) his old friends for a long time.2. The teacher said that two plus two _ (be) four.3 “Be careful with the dog， ” said he.He warned me _ (be) careful with the dog.4The moment I g

21、ot home, my wife asked me _ I had been to the hospital.5. _is reported that many people died in that car accident.【答案】 1.had not seen 2.is 3.to be 4.if 5.It13.单句改错1. He told me that he left his book in his room._2. The teacher told me the earth moves around the sun and the moon moved around the earth._3The teacher told the students not waste their time._4He asked me that I went to school by bus or by bike._5She said that their bus will arrive in five minutes._【答案】 1.left 前加 had 2.moved 改为 moves3not 后面加 to 4.that 改为 if 或 whether 5.will 改为 would