Lecture 4.ppt

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1、Lecture 4 中国文化模块一 8-2传统节日1.单词预热vocabularywork烹调cooking cuisine鱼肉满架 well stocked with fish and meat象征意义 symbolic significance农历 lunar calendar阳历 solar calendar端午节 Dragon Boat Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival清明节 Pure Brightness Day重阳节 Double Ninth Day放逐 be exiled忠臣 loyal minister祭祀亡灵 in memory of sb.龙舟比赛

2、dragon boat races中秋节Mid Autumn Festival满月 full moon食物类：糯米粽子 glutinous rice dumplings wrapped in bamboo leaves月饼 moon cake蜜饯 preserved fruits豆沙 bean paste蛋黄 egg yolk海鲜 seafood家禽 poultry饺子 dumplings八宝饭 eight treasure rice油条 fried sticks麻花 fried twisted stick炒面 Chaomian叉烧包 steamed bun with roast pork粥

3、porridge葱油饼 pan-fried cake with sesame seeds and green onion有关春节的常用词放鞭炮 let off firecrackers耍龙灯 play the dragon lantern耍狮子 play the lion dance拜年 pay a new-year call贴对联 put up an antithetical couplet团圆饭 family reunion dinner有关“介绍”的翻译例：我很高兴向各位介绍中国的主要传统节日。I am very happy to have the opportunity to talk

4、 to you about major traditional Chinese holidays.表示“介绍情况”时，我们可以这样翻译：1.to share with you brief information 在此，我愿意向朋友们介绍这些方面的情况。Id like to share with you brief information in this respect.2.to brief you on 借此机会，我愿意向各位朋友介绍中国加入世贸组织和参与经济全球化的有关情况。I would like to avail myself of this opportunity to brief y

5、ou on Chinas accession to WTO and participation in economic globalization.3.to give a brief account of 我简单介绍我厂的情况。Let me,first of all,give you a brief account of this factory.在来宾们参观我校之前，请允许我简要介绍一下我校的概况。Before you start to look around,I would like to give you a brief account of our school.4.to tell u

6、s how/what 请主席先生介绍一下中国农村扶贫运动的情况。Will Mr.Chairman tell us how the anti-poverty drive is going on in China?5.to show you 我想向您介绍一下我们初步拟定的活动日程。I would like to show you our tentative itinerary.6.to provide sb.with some information 借此机会，向各位介绍上海经济发展和开展国际经贸交往的一些情况。Id like to take this opportunity to provide

7、 you with some information about Shanghais economic development and its foreign trade.7.share a piece of my mind3.实考题分析1.中国的传统节庆膳食除了在数量和质量上与平时有所不同之外，一些历史悠久、具有象征意义的食物也是节日必不可缺的伴侣。2.例如，我国的端午节是纪念古代诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子 1.Traditional holiday meals are different from everyday meals in terms of quantity

8、 and quality.In addition,some foods with a long history and symbolic significance are indispensable on these occasions.2.For example,on the Dragon Boat Festival,a day set aside in memory of the ancient poet Qu Yuan,people will hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi,a kind of glutinous rice dumplings

9、wrapped in bamboo leaves.2.中秋节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。4.春节是中国的农历新年，除了常见的海鲜、家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗烹制传统菜肴，如饺子和年糕。The Mid-autumn Festival is an occasion for viewing the full moon.The round moon is a symbol for completeness,and family reunion.The special food of the day is the yueb

10、ing,a round moon cake.4.The Spring Festival is the Chinese lunar New Years holiday.In addition to the popular seafood,poultry and meat,people will prepare traditional food,for example,jiaozi,or boiled dumplings,and niangao,or the year cake according to their regional custom.话题二：10-4 习武健身1.词汇预热武术 mar

11、tial art武术宫 martial art palace健身 bodybuilding减肥 lose weight填写登记表 fill in a form会员卡 membership card古代格斗术 form of combat习武 practice martial art中国武术协会 Chinese Martial Arts Association扣人心弦的表演 thrilling performance杂技 acrobatics顶尖/身怀绝技/无懈可击的 top/first-rate/武林高手 professional martial artist2.单句翻译练习：1.武术又称功夫

12、，在中国已经有1000年历史了。2.中国的劳动人民练习武术以强身健体和自我保护，武术至今仍大受欢迎。3.中国武术还引起了外国人的兴趣，在全世界不少国家，都有人学习武术。4.练习武术有各种各样的固定套路，有的要赤手空拳，有的要拿武器。5.武术是中国特有的民族运动，它可以锻炼身体，培养意志力，训练打斗技巧。1.Wushu,known as Kongfu or martial arts,has a history of a thousand years in China.The working people in China practice Wushu for physical training

13、and self-defense and Wushu is still immensely popular today.Chinese Wushu has also aroused interest among foreigners and is taught in many countries throughout the world.Wushu is practiced in various types of set exercises,either bare-handed or with weapons.A unique Chinese national sport,Wushu buil

14、ds strong bodies,steels the willpower and gives training in fighting skills.3.实考题分析1.欢迎光临上海武术中心。在这里您可以健身、减肥、结交朋友，以及了解中国文化。2.我们的武术协会还为各位来宾准备了精彩的节目。除了武术表演，您还可以观赏京剧节目和杂技表演。1.Welcome to Shanghai Martial Arts Center.Here you can do exercise to build up your body,reduce your weight,make new friends,as wel

15、l as learn about Chinese culture.2.In addition,our Martial Art Association has prepared some fabulous programes for our visitors.You can watch martial art performances,Peking Opera and acrobatic shows.3.倘若您想亲身体验一下中国武术，我们可以派一流的教师进行团体或个别指导。4.我们的武术专卖店出售有关中华武术的图书资料、录像带和激光视盘。满足您的需要是本中心的服务宗旨。3.If you want

16、 to get some personal experience with Chinese martial arts,we have first class teachers for individual or group training.4.Our martial art store sells books,video tapes and VCDs on Chinese martial arts.To meet your need is the purpose of our service.话题三：16-4 用筷艺术词汇热身：筷子：chopsticks,or kuaizi荤/素菜：meat

17、/vegetable漆器：lacquer玉石：jade象牙：ivory海参：sea cucumber夹取食物：pick up food用蛮力：using force用餐规矩：table manners乳猪：suckling pigs筷子是中餐桌上最有特色的用餐工具，几千年来我们中国人一直视筷子为一种可以将饭从碗中送入口中的最简单同时也是最有效的工具。Chopsticks,or kuaizi,are the most distinctive eating tool on the Chinese dining table.For thousands of years we Chinese have

18、 always regarded chopsticks the simplest possible and the most efficient tool for transporting food from a bowl to the mouth.早在周朝时期，筷子便被人们用来家去荤素菜，而米饭在那时则用受来取食。As early as in the Zhou Dynasty,chopsticks were used for picking up meat and vegetables,while hands were used for rice.全国各地的筷子大小基本一样，而所用材料的种类

19、则各有不同，所选材料有竹子、木材、漆器、玉石、象牙、塑料、铝、银、金等。Chopsticks,which are roughly uniform in size through China,can be made of a variety of materials,including bamboo,wood,lacquer,jade,ivory,plastic,aluminum,silver and gold.话题四：Culinary Art1.我很高兴有机会想各位朋友介绍中国的烹调。中国人非常重视“吃”。“民以食为天”这句俗话迄今还广为传诵。I am very glad to have th

20、is opportunity to introduce Chinese cuisine to you.Chinese people value their way of dining very much.There is an old saying still widely quoted today“Food is the first necessity of the people”.2.说起中餐，人们都知道中餐烹饪以其“色香味”俱全而著称于世。中国悠久的历史、广袤的疆土好客的习俗，这些都孕育了中餐烹饪的独特艺术。In terms of Chinese food,it is well know

21、n that Chinese cuisine is world-famous for its perfect combination of“color,aroma and taste”.Chinas unique culinary art owes itself to the countrys long history,vast territory and hospitable tradition.3.中餐烹饪讲究原料的选配、食物的质地、佐料的调制、切菜的刀工、适时的烹调，以及装盘艺术。最负盛名的中餐菜是粤菜、鲁菜、淮扬菜和川菜，有“南淡北咸，东甜西辣”之特点。Chinese cuisine

22、gives emphasis to the selection of raw materials,the texture of food,the blending of seasonings,slicing techniques,the perfect timing of cooking and the art of laying out the food on the plate.Among the best-known schools of Chinese culinary tradition are the Cantonese,Shandong,Huai Yang and Sichuan

23、 cuisines,traditionally known as“the light flavor of the south,the salty flavor of the north,the sweet flavor of the east and the spicy-hot flavor of the west.”话题五：TCM我很高兴在这里向各位简要介绍一下中国的传统医学，即中医。中医学在长期的发展过程中，逐步形成了一整套医学原则和观点。Its my great pleasure to give you a brief introduction to Chinas traditional

24、 medicine,known as“traditional Chinese medicine”.During its long process of evolution,the TCM science has gradually developed a complete set of medical principles and concepts.中医学认为，阴与阳存在于人体内，相互作用、互为依存。阴阳平衡是健康的要素，阴阳失衡会影响健康，导致疾病。因此，中医十分重视调节阴阳以保平衡。The TCM science maintains that yin and yang,the two op

25、posing and complementary principles in nature,exist in the human body,mutually functional and dependent.The balance of yin and yang is essential for the maintenance of good health.And if the balance is upset,health will be hurt and illness will develop.Therefore,TCM pays close attention to the effor

26、t of regulating yin and yang and maintaining an appropriate balance between the two.六、传统文化词汇补充气功 controlled breathing exercise春联 spring couplet剪纸 paper-cut戏剧脸谱 theatrical mask国画 traditional Chinese painting中药 TCM单口相声 monologue comic talk对口相声 witty dialogue;comic cross talk马戏 circus performance传说 leg

27、end神话 mythology寓言 fable二十四节气 the twenty-four solar terms四大发明：火药 gunpowder印刷术 movable type printing造纸术 paper making指南针 compass四书：大学 The Great Learning中庸 The Doctrine of the Mean论语 The Analects of Confucius孟子 the Mencius孙子兵法 The art of War三国演义 Three Kingdoms西游记 Journey to the West Monkey King红楼梦 Dream of the Red Mansions Story of the Stone水浒传 Outlaws of the Marsh All men are brothers诗经 The Book of Songs书经 The Books of History易经 The Book of Changes礼记 The Book of Rites孝经 Book of Filial Piety三字经 three word chant八股文 stereotyped writing重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage