Intel新技术概览.ppt

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1、Intel新技术概览新技术概览讲师：丁威讲师：丁威微软认证讲师微软认证讲师Intel技术专家技术专家AgendauuRoad to 64-bitRoad to 64-bituuCurrent Platform InnovationsCurrent Platform InnovationsuuFuture Platform InnovationsFuture Platform InnovationsuuSummarySummaryA Historical Perspectiveuu8-bitsoftwareappearedintheindustrywiththeintroductionof8-b

2、itsoftwareappearedintheindustrywiththeintroductionof80808080uu16-bitsoftwaretransitionhappenedwiththeintroductionof16-bitsoftwaretransitionhappenedwiththeintroductionof8086/88processor8086/88processoruu32-bitsoftwaretransitionbeganwhenIntelintroduced8038632-bitsoftwaretransitionbeganwhenIntelintrodu

3、ced80386processorprocessoruu64-bitsoftwaretransitionstartedwiththeintroductionof64-bitsoftwaretransitionstartedwiththeintroductionofIntelItaniumprocessor(EPICArchitecture)IntelItaniumprocessor(EPICArchitecture)uuIntroductionof64-bitIntelXeonprocessor,64-bitIntroductionof64-bitIntelXeonprocessor,64-b

4、itcapabilityforallenterpriseserverandworkstationmarketcapabilityforallenterpriseserverandworkstationmarketsegmentssegmentsuuIntroductionof64-bitIntelPentium4Processor6xxIntroductionof64-bitIntelPentium4Processor6xxsequencesupportingHTTechnologyforDesktopmarketsequencesupportingHTTechnologyforDesktop

5、marketsegmentsegment19721972197819781985198520012001200420042005200564位技术位技术uuCPU GPRs（通用寄存器）数据宽度为（通用寄存器）数据宽度为64 bituu64 bit指令集指令集 运行运行64 bit数据的指令数据的指令uu处理器一次可以运行处理器一次可以运行64 bit数据数据uu64 bit处理器的指令宽度并没有改变，只是处理器的指令宽度并没有改变，只是增大了通用寄存器和数据通道的宽度增大了通用寄存器和数据通道的宽度64位处理器模型位处理器模型 64 bit处理器的优点处理器的优点 uu可以支持更大的内存可以

6、支持更大的内存完全摆脱了完全摆脱了4GB4GB内存的限制，使得当处理需要访内存的限制，使得当处理需要访问巨大内存和密集数据吞吐能力的大规模数据库问巨大内存和密集数据吞吐能力的大规模数据库应用程序和图形处理程序的时候更加得心应手应用程序和图形处理程序的时候更加得心应手uu可以进行更大范围的整数运算可以进行更大范围的整数运算可以访问更大容量的内存，整个系统的性能也就可以访问更大容量的内存，整个系统的性能也就得到很大程度的提高得到很大程度的提高The Move to IntelThe Move to Intel Architecture(Multi-core&64-bit)Architecture(

7、Multi-core&64-bit)Dual/Multi-coreMontecito MontvaleTukwila Dimona Millington DP MontvalePreslerSmithfieldFuture Pentium Processor Extreme EditionYonahFuture Single coreCedar MillPentium 4 processor YonahWhitefieldPaxville Tulsa Future DempseyCurrent20052006+FutureDesktop ClientPentium 4 processorIta

8、nium 2 ProcessorItanium 2/Fanwood Mobile ClientPentium M processorPlatform64-bit Xeon processor MPIntel Xeon Processor MP64-bit Intel Xeon Processor w/2MB cache支持支持64位的体系架构位的体系架构x64(64-bit(64-bit 扩展扩展扩展扩展)IPF(Itanium Processor Family)(Itanium Processor Family)uu基于基于基于基于x86x86指令集的指令集的指令集的指令集的6464位扩展位

9、扩展位扩展位扩展uu使得客户们在充分利用已在使得客户们在充分利用已在使得客户们在充分利用已在使得客户们在充分利用已在3232位位位位WindowsWindows应用程序上的投入的同时，应用程序上的投入的同时，应用程序上的投入的同时，应用程序上的投入的同时，也能够获得最新的也能够获得最新的也能够获得最新的也能够获得最新的6464位技术所带来位技术所带来位技术所带来位技术所带来的高性能的高性能的高性能的高性能uu基于显式并行指令集运算基于显式并行指令集运算基于显式并行指令集运算基于显式并行指令集运算（Explicitly Parallel Instruction Explicitly Parall

10、el Instruction ComputingComputing：EPICEPIC）架构）架构）架构）架构uu运行在运行在运行在运行在WindowsWindows的平台上，代给客的平台上，代给客的平台上，代给客的平台上，代给客户们最高级别的性能和可扩展性户们最高级别的性能和可扩展性户们最高级别的性能和可扩展性户们最高级别的性能和可扩展性Technology Description:Intel EM64T从从从从0404年中期开始，年中期开始，年中期开始，年中期开始，IA-32IA-32架构加强了对扩展内存的支持架构加强了对扩展内存的支持架构加强了对扩展内存的支持架构加强了对扩展内存的支持增强

11、的寄存器组增强的寄存器组增强的寄存器组增强的寄存器组8-SSE&8-Gen Purpose8-SSE&8-Gen Purpose双精度双精度双精度双精度 (64-bit)(64-bit)整数支持整数支持整数支持整数支持扩展内存寻址能力扩展内存寻址能力扩展内存寻址能力扩展内存寻址能力（64-Bit Pointers,Registers64-Bit Pointers,Registers）+=基于基于基于基于6464位扩展位扩展位扩展位扩展技术技术技术技术Itanium Architecture:Explicit ParallelismcompilercompilerHardwareHardware

12、OriginalOriginal Source SourceCodeCode.Execution Units unused Execution Units unused reduced efficiencyreduced efficiencySequential Sequential Machine CodeMachine CodeOriginalOriginal Source SourceCodeCodeItanium-Itanium-basedbasedcompilercompiler.Multiple execution Multiple execution units units re

13、sources used resources used more efficientlymore efficientlyParallel Parallel Machine CodeMachine CodeTraditionalItanium ArchitectureMassive ResourcesPerformance through ParallelismPerformance through ParallelismCompileCompile64-bit 64-bit code cleancode cleanOptimize Optimize For For X64X64Optimize

14、OptimizeFor EPICFor EPICMigration To 64-bitStep 1Step 2Step 3Step 3平台发展趋势平台发展趋势可扩展性可扩展性应用的广度应用的广度32-位 x8664-位x6464-位IPFAgendauuRoad to 64-bitRoad to 64-bituuCurrent Platform InnovationsCurrent Platform InnovationsuuFuture Platform InnovationsFuture Platform InnovationsuuSummarySummaryDelivered Bandw

15、idth(MB)I-O 读/写写PCI Express技术技术可增长的空间可增长的空间更快的网络和更快的网络和I/OI/O设备设备x16 x16 的支持的支持 使更多的高性能的使更多的高性能的图形设备变为可用图形设备变为可用 可靠性和节约可靠性和节约集成了设备的热插拨的支持，集成了设备的热插拨的支持，从而减少了停工和设备维护所从而减少了停工和设备维护所带来的费用消耗带来的费用消耗选择价格低、性能好的选择价格低、性能好的I/OI/O设备设备成为可能成为可能 平衡的平台平衡的平台增强的增强的I/OI/O带宽与增长的处理器带宽与增长的处理器和内存的容量保持同步和内存的容量保持同步消除了消除了I/OI

16、/O操作的延迟操作的延迟Source:Merrill Lynch198019902000I/O网网络处理器理器性能瓶性能瓶颈的挑的挑战性能性能PCI Express*解决方案解决方案*Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of othersSource:Internal Intel estimated measurementsPCI Express*PCI Express*未来的未来的未来的未来的发发展空展空展空展空间间主板芯片组示意图主板芯片组示意图 PCIExpress总线总线普通普通PCI总线总线总线类型数据传输率IS

17、A ISA 8.33MB/S8.33MB/SEISA EISA 133MB/S133MB/SVISAVISA133MB/S133MB/SPCI PCI 133MB/S133MB/SAGP-1X AGP-1X 266MB/S266MB/SAGP-2XAGP-2X533MB/S533MB/SAGP-4X AGP-4X 1.O66GB/S1.O66GB/SAGP-8X AGP-8X 2.133GB/S2.133GB/SPCI Express1XPCI Express1X（双通道）（双通道）500MB/S500MB/SPCI Express2XPCI Express2X（双通道）（双通道）1GB/S1

18、GB/SPCI Express4XPCI Express4X（双通道）（双通道）2GB/S2GB/SPCI Express8XPCI Express8X（双通道）（双通道）4GB/S4GB/SPCI Express16XPCI Express16X（双通道）（双通道）8GB/S 8GB/S PCI Express的前景的前景 System Power Benefits with Demand Based Switching(DBS)EnhancedIntelSpeedSteptechnologyEnhancedIntelSpeedSteptechnology1U Intel Xeon proc

19、essor platform45%CPU utilization running WebBenchAnydifferenceinsystemstested,configurationsorassumptionsmademayaffectactualresultsorperformance.Power Meter100200300DBS OFF100200300DBS ON316W316W240W240W$100K$100K Savings Savings annually annually for every for every 500 500 serversserversPDUPDUPDUP

20、DUPDUPDUPDUPDUPDUPDUPDUPDUMeasurementsbasedonInteltesting.Costassumptionsmadeforsystemstested:a.“Powerin”costsassumedat$0.10/KWhb.“Coolingcosts”assumedtoberoughly2Xthepower-incosts0Up to 28%reduction in system power and savings Up to 28%reduction in system power and savings up to$100K annually with

21、DBSup to$100K annually with DBS2.80 GHz1.2VEXAMPLE ONLYEXAMPLE ONLYHighHighLowLowUtilizatiUtilizationon3.20 GHz1.3V3.60 GHz1.4VAgendauuRoad to 64-bitRoad to 64-bituuCurrent Platform InnovationsCurrent Platform InnovationsuuFuture Platform Innovations Future Platform Innovations uuSummarySummary多核处理器

22、多核处理器Core0Core0Core1Core1Front Side BusFront Side Busuu两个或多个独立运行的内核集成于同一个处理器上面双核处理器双核处理器=一个处理器上包含一个处理器上包含2 2个内核个内核多核处理器多核处理器=一个处理器上包含一个处理器上包含2 2个或多个内核个或多个内核Allproductsanddatesarepreliminaryandsubjecttochangewithoutnotice.EnablesHigherPerformanceMorePowerEfficiencyNewCapabilities为什么要采用多核技术？为什么要采用多核技术

23、？Threading Evolution&Multi-Core CacheCacheExecutionExecutionStateStateStateStateBusBusCacheCacheExecutionExecutionStateStateBusBusCacheCacheExecutionExecutionStateStateBusBusCacheCacheExecutionExecutionStateStateBusBusCacheCacheExecutionExecutionStateStateBusBusPentium 4Pentium 4with HTwith HTDual X

24、eon ProcessorsDual Xeon ProcessorsDual CoreDual Core2 Threads2 Threads1 Package1 Package2 Threads2 Threads2 Packages2 Packages2 Threads2 Threads1 Package1 PackageImprove threading support in a single packageImprove threading support in a single packageFeaturesareforplanningpurposesonly,andsubjecttoc

25、hangewithoutnotice.Featuresareforplanningpurposesonly,andsubjecttochangewithoutnotice.TwoindependentexecutionTwoindependentexecutioncoresinthesameprocessorcoresinthesameprocessorCores and Logical Thread RoadmapCurrent PlatformsCurrent PlatformsPentium 4 processorPentium 4 processor(1 core,2 Threads)

26、(1 core,2 Threads)Mobile Mobile ClientClientDesktop Desktop ClientClientItanium Itanium MP ServerMP ServerItanium 2-6M/Itanium 2-9MItanium 2-6M/Itanium 2-9M(1 core,1 thread)(1 core,1 thread)Intel E8870/OEM Intel E8870/OEMTukwila(2+cores,4+threads)Common PlatformIntel Xeon Processor MPIntel Xeon Proc

27、essor MP(1 core,2 Threads)(1 core,2 Threads)OEM chip sets OEM chip sets Whitefield(2+cores,2+threads)Common PlatformXeon MP Xeon MP ServerServerItanium 2(+LV)/Fanwood(+LV)Itanium 2(+LV)/Fanwood(+LV)(1 core,1 thread)(1 core,1 thread)Intel E8870/OEMIntel E8870/OEMMillington(+LV)/DP Montvale(2 cores,4

28、threads)Intel E8870/OEMDimona(+LV)(2+cores,4+threads)Common PlatformItanium DP Itanium DP ServerServerIntel Xeon ProcessorIntel Xeon ProcessorIntel E7520 and Intel E7320 Intel E7520 and Intel E7320 Xeon DP Xeon DP Server/WSServer/WS200520052006+2006+FutureFutureMontecito /Montvale(2 cores,4 threads)

29、Intel E8870/OEMIrwindale Irwindale(1 core,2 Threads)(1 core,2 Threads)Lindenhurst/TumwaterLindenhurst/TumwaterPentium M processorPentium M processorMobile-optimized micro-architectureMobile-optimized micro-architecturePaxville /Tulsa(2 cores,2+threads)Intel Twin Castle/OEMCranford/PotomacCranford/Po

30、tomac(1 core,2 Threads)(1 core,2 Threads)Intel Twin Castle/OEMIntel Twin Castle/OEMPresler 65nm(2 cores,2 threads)Smithfield(2 cores,2 threads)Cedar MillCedar Mill 6565nm nm(1 core,2 Threads)(1 core,2 Threads)Yonah(2 cores,2 threads)New Integrated Graphics ChipsetFuture(2+cores,2+threads)Next genera

31、tion chip setDempsey(2 cores,2+threads)Next generation chip setFuture(2+cores,2+threads)Future(2+cores,2+threads)Pentium 4 processorPentium 4 processor(1 core,2 Threads)(1 core,2 Threads)Dual/Multi-coreSingle coreX+indicates X or moreIntel台式机多核处理器产品台式机多核处理器产品uu奔腾奔腾D 8系列系列奔腾奔腾D 840奔腾奔腾D 830奔腾奔腾D 820u

32、u奔腾至尊版奔腾至尊版（Pentium Extreme Edition）Intel Active Management TechnologyDiscover Your AssetsDiscover Your AssetsDiscover:IntelAMTdownloadsHW&SWassetinformationfromtheBIOSandOSintonon-volatilememoryduringboot,whichcanbeaccessedbyITanytimebecauseuserscantremoveorpreventITaccesstotheinformation.?IT Manag

33、ement ConsolePCs on NetworkVirtualization&VTPlatform HardwarePlatform HardwareOSAppAppAppAppAppApp“WITHOUT VIRTUALIZATION”“WITH VIRTUALIZATION”MinPlatform Hardware(Platform Hardware(VT enhancedVT enhanced)V Virtual irtual MMachine achine MMonitoronitorOSAppsAppsAppsApps.OSAppsAppsAppsAppsOSAppsAppsA

34、ppsAppsuuVirtualizationVirtualization:One physical machine functions as multiple“virtual”:One physical machine functions as multiple“virtual”machinesmachinesuuVirtual Machine Monitor(“VMM”)Virtual Machine Monitor(“VMM”):Layer of system software that enables:Layer of system software that enables mult

35、iple OSs to share hardware&can allow Applications to run without multiple OSs to share hardware&can allow Applications to run without modificationsmodificationsuuIntel Virtualization Technology*Intel Virtualization Technology*:improves VMM-based virtualization:improves VMM-based virtualization solut

36、ions and broadens virtualization deployment opportunitysolutions and broadens virtualization deployment opportunityFor Servers&ClientsFor Servers&Clients*IntelVirtualizationTechnology(formerlycodenamedVanderpoolTechnologyVT)requiresacomputersystemwithaprocessor,chipset,BIOS,virtualmachinemonitor(VMM

37、)andinrareinstancesapplicationsenabledforVT.Functionality,performanceorotherVTbenefitwillvarydependingonhardwareandsoftwareconfigurations.VT-enabledBIOSandVMMapplicationsarecurrentlyindevelopment.推动推动VT技术引入双核架构技术引入双核架构uu双核技术可以全面增加处理器的功能性uu推动虚拟化技术引入双核架构uu促进虚拟化技术的发展：双核处理器架构双核处理器架构 下一代下一代 VistaVista操作系

38、统操作系统uu双核处理器将成为虚拟化技术实施的物理依托平台AgendauuRoad to 64-bitRoad to 64-bituuCurrent Platform InnovationsCurrent Platform InnovationsuuFuture Platform InnovationsFuture Platform InnovationsuuSummarySummarySummaryuu64-bit Computing 64-bit Computing Two industry std Two industry std architecturesarchitecturesX6

39、4X64EPICEPICuuCurrent Platform InnovationsCurrent Platform InnovationsPCI ExpressPCI ExpressDemand Based Switching(DBS)Demand Based Switching(DBS)Enhanced SpeedStep technologyEnhanced SpeedStep technologyuuFuture Platform InnovationsFuture Platform InnovationsMulti-Core Multi-Core Active Management TechnologyActive Management TechnologyVirtualization Technology Virtualization Technology 2005MicrosoftCorporation.Allrightsreserved.Thispresentationisforinformationalpurposesonly.Microsoftmakesnowarranties,expressorimplied,inthissummary.