英语修辞写作—语法修辞篇 参考材料 Section 6 (2).docx

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1、Section 6 Figurative Use of Sentences: (2)Deviated from Norm,Appropriate in Style (B)LKey to the Exercise1. Point out the schemes (anapodoton, apo koinou, aposiopesis, sentence fragments) used in the following sentences.1) Its your mistake caused the problem. (Apo koinou)2) And he to England shall a

2、long with you. (Ellipsis Sentence fragment)3) His behavior was - but I blush to mention that. (Aposiopesis)4) “If you think Im going to sit here and take your insults.n (Aposiopesis)2. Give one or two examples for the following schemes.Open.3. Point out the syntactical schemes (anastrophe, cacosynth

3、eton, hysteron- proteron, hypallage, hysterologia) in the following sentences and comment on their rhetorical effects.1) From his seat on the bench he saw the girl content - content with the promise that she could ride on the train again next week. (Anastrophe)2) Now and again, it felt rather like t

4、hat. It was now, or again, now. (Cacosyntheton)3) Put on your shoes and socks. (Hysteron-proteron)4) His coward lips did from their color fly. (Hypallage)5) I ran after with as much speed as I could, the thief that had undone me. (Hysterologia)4. What rhetorical operation is used in the following se

5、ntences?1) What a fan-boo6y-tastic blog! (Separation)2) This is the place where Christ w川 come, as will here appear after. (Separation)3) He shall be punished, what man soever often deth. (Separation)5. Name the rhymes used in the following sentences.1) Why not waste a wild weekend at Westmore Water

6、 Park? - FO (Alliteration)2) Its hot and its monotonous. - Stephen Sondheim, Its Hot Up Here (Assonance)British Empire and the French Republic, linked together in their cause and in their need, w川 defend to the death their native soil, aiding each other like good comrades to the utmost of their stre

7、ngth. Even though large tracts of Europe and many old and famous States have fallen or may fall into the grip of the Gestapo and all the odious apparatus of Nazi rule, we shall not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end, we shall fight in France, we shall fight on the seas and oceans, we shall figh

8、t with growing confidence and growing strength in the air, we shall defend our Island, whatever the cost may be, we shall fight on the beaches, we shall fight on the landing grounds, we shall fight in the fields and in the streets, we shall fight in the hills; we shall never surrender, and even if,

9、which I do not for a moment believe, this Island or a large part of it were subjugated and starving, then our Empire beyond the seas, armed and guarded by the British Fleet, would carry on the struggle, until, in Gods good time, the New World, with all its power and might, steps forth to the rescue

10、and the liberation of the old.2. Sample (2): Amplification Sentence Fragments etcHuckleberry FinnCHAPTER VMark TwainI HAD shut the door to. Then I turned around, and there he was. I used to be scared of him all the time, he tanned me so much. I reckoned I was scared now, too; but in a minute I see I

11、 was mistaken - that is, after the first jolt, as you may say, when my breath sort of hitched, he being so unexpected; but right away after I see I warnt scared of him worth bothring about.He was most fifty, and he looked it. His hair was long and tangled and greasy, and hung down, and you could see

12、 his eyes shining through like he was behind vines. It was all black, no gray; so was his long, mixed-up whiskers. There warn*t no color in his face, where his face showed; it was white; not like another mans white, but a white to make a body sick, a white to make a bodys flesh crawl - a tree-toad w

13、hite, a fish-belly white. As for his clothes - just rags, that was all. He had one ankle resting on tother knee; the boot on that foot was busted, and two of his toes stuck through, and he worked them now and then. His hat was laying on the floor - an old black slouch with the top caved in, like a l

14、id.I stood a-looking at him; he set there a-looking at me, with his chair tilted back a little. I set the candle down. I noticed the window was up; so he had dumb in by the shed. He kept a-looking me all over. By and by he says:Starchy clothes - very. You think youre a good deal of a big-bug, DON*T

15、you?Maybe I am, maybe I aint；* I says.Dont you give me none o* your lip,“ says he.Youve put on considerable many frills since I been away. Ill take you down a peg before I get done with you. Youre educated, too, they say - can read and write. You think youre bettern your father, now, dont you, becau

16、se he can*t? ILL take it out of you. Who told you you might meddle with such hifalufn foolishness, hey? - who told you you could?The widow. She told me.叮he widow, hey? - and who told the widow she could put in her shovel about a thing that aint none of her business?Nobody never told her.Well, HI lea

17、rn her how to meddle. And looky here - you drop that school, you hear? Ill learn people to bring up a boy to put on airs over his own father and let on to be better*n what HE is. You lemme catch you fooling around that school again, you hear? Your mother couldn*t read, and she couldnt write, nuther,

18、 before she died. None of the family couldnt before THEY died. I cant; and here youre a-swelling yourself up like this. I aint the man to stand it - you hear? Say, lemme hear you read. I took up a book and begun something about General Washington and the wars. When Id read about a half a minute, he

19、fetched the book a whack with his hand and knocked it across the house. He says:Its so. You can do it. I had my doubts when you told me. Now looky here; you stop that putting on frills. I wont have it. Ill lay for you, my smarty; and if I catch you about that school 111 tan you good. First you know

20、youll get religion, too. I never see such a son.He took up a little blue and yaller picture of some cows and a boy, and says:Whats this?”nlt*s something they give me for learning my lessons good.11He tore it up, and says:TH give you something better - Ill give you a cowhide.He set there a-mumbling a

21、nd a-growling a minute, and then he says:AINT you a sweet-scented dandy, though? A bed; and bedclothes; and a lookn-glass; and a piece of carpet on the floor - and your own father got to sleep with the hogs in the tanyard. I never see such a son. I bet 111 take some o these frills out o you before I

22、m done with you. Why, there ain*t no end to your airs - they say youre rich. Hey? - hows that?They lie - thafs how.”Looky here - mind how you talk to me; Im a-standing about all I can stand now -so dont gimme no sass. Ive been in town two days, and I hain*t heard nothing but about you bein1 rich. I

23、heard about it away down the river, too. Thats why I come. You git me that money to-morrow - I want it.nl haint got no money/Ifs a lie. Judge Thatcher*s got it. You git it.I want it.”I haint got no money, I tell you. You ask JudgeThatcher; hell tell you the same.“All right. HI ask him; and Ill make

24、him pungle,too, or 111 know the reason why. Say, how muchyou got in your pocket? I want it.I haint got only a dollar, and I want that to 一”It don*t make no difference what you want it for 一 you just shell it out/He took it and bit it to see if it was good, and then he said he was going down town to

25、get some whisky; said he hadnt had a drink all day. When he had got out on the shed he put his head in again, and cussed me for putting on frills and trying to be better than him; and when I reckoned he was gone he come back and put his head in again, and told me to mind about that school, because h

26、e was going to lay for me and lick me if I didnt drop that.Next day he was drunk, and he went to Judge Thatchers and bullyragged him, and tried to make him give up the money; but he couldnt, and then he swore hed make the law force him.The judge and the widow went to law to get the court to take me

27、away from him and let one of them be my guardian; but it was a new judge that had just come, and he didnt know the old man; so he said courts mustnt interfere and separate families if they could help it; said hed druther not take a child away from its father. So Judge Thatcher and the widow had to q

28、uit on the business.That pleased the old man till he couldnt rest. He said hed cowhide me till I was black and blue if I didn*t raise some money for him. I borrowed three dollars from Judge Thatcher, and pap took it and got drunk, and went a-blowing around and cussing and whooping and carrying on; a

29、nd he kept it up all over town, with a tin pan, till most midnight; then they jailed him, and next day they had him before court, and jailed him again for a week. But he said HE was satisfied; said he was boss of his son, and he*d make it warm for HIM.When he got out the new judge said he was a-goin

30、g to make a man of him. So he took him to his own house, and dressed him up clean and nice, and had him to breakfast and dinner and supper with the family, and was just old pie to him, so to speak. And after supper he talked to him about temperance and such things till the old man cried, and said he

31、d been a fool, and fooled away his life; but now he was a-going to turn over a new leaf and be a man nobody wouldnt be ashamed of, and he hoped the judge would help him and not look down on him. The judge said he could hug him for them words; so he cried, and his wife she cried again; pap said he*d

32、been a man that had always been misunderstood before, and the judge said he believed it. The old man said that what a man wanted that was down was sympathy, and the judge said it was so; so they cried again. And when it was bedtime the old man rose up and held out his hand, and says:Took at it, gent

33、lemen and ladies all; take a-hold of it; shake it. Theres a hand that was the hand of a hog; but it aint so no more; ifs the hand of a man thats started in on a new life, andll die before hell go back. You mark them words - dont forget I said them. Ifs a clean hand now; shake it - dont be afeard/So

34、they shook it, one after the other, all around, and cried. The judges wife she kissed it. Then the old man he signed a pledge - made his mark. The judge said it was the holiest time on record, or something like that. Then they tucked the old man into a beautiful room, which was the spare room, and i

35、n the night some time he got powerful thirsty and dumb out on to the porch-roof and slid down a stanchion and traded his new coat for a jug of forty-rod, and dumb back again and had a good old time; and towards daylight he crawled out again, drunk as a fiddler, and rolled off the porch and broke his

36、 left arm in two places, and was most froze to death when somebody found him after sun-up. And when they come to look at that spare room they had to take soundings before they could navigate it.The judge he felt kind of sore. He said he reckoned a body could reform the old man with a shotgun, maybe,

37、 but he didn*t know no other way.3. Supplementary Sample (3): InversionNine ETA bombing suspects arrestedSTORY HIGHLIGHTSSpanish Civil Guards arrest nine suspected members of Basque separatists ETASuspects are thought to be behind May bombing that killed a Civil GuardLongtime fugitive Arkaitz Goikoe

38、txea held in raid in northern city of BilbaoArrests come 2 days after authorities said ETA placed 4 bombs in CantabriaFrom CNN Madrid Bureau Chief Al GoodmanMADRID, Spain (CNN) - Spanish Civil Guards Tuesday arrested nine suspected members of the Basque separatist group ETA, who are thought to be be

39、hind the May bombing that k川ed a Civil Guard, Interior Minister Alfredo Perez Rubalcaba said.Elite agents used explosives to blast open the apartment door of the suspected cell leader, longtime fugitive Arkaitz Goikoetxea, in the northern city of Bilbao, a judicial source told CNN.Also arrested were

40、 eight other suspects who allegedly worked secretly for ETA while maintaining the appearance of normal lives, Rubalcaba said at a nationally-televised news conference in Madrid.ETA is blamed for more than 800 deaths in its long fight for Basque independence from Spain and is listed as a terrorist gr

41、oup by the European Union and the United States.The group arrested Tuesday is thought to be the most active cell since ETA officially ended its unilateral cease-fire last year, Rubalcaba said.nWe cant guarantee ifs the only active ETA cell. But it was the most active, and the most wanted by police,

42、since the cease-fire, Rubalcaba said.The arrests came barely two days after authorities said ETA placed four bombs in coastal Cantabria province, part of ETA*s almost yearly effort to disrupt Spains lucrative summer tourist trade. The blasts on beaches and a golf course caused one minor injury and l

43、ittle damage.On May 14, a car bomb explosion at a Civil Guard barracks in Alava province killed a paramilitary Civil Guard - the most recent ETA fatality - and wounded four others.Don*t MissSpain clears Syrians of terror financingETA: We will continue Basque fightDays later, police arrested ETAs sus

44、pected leader, Francisco Javier Lopez Pena, and five other suspects, in southern France, ETAs traditional rear guard base just across the border from Spain.Tuesdays arrests were the biggest blow against ETA since. Madrid anti-terrorism investigating magistrate Baltasar Garzon went to Bilbao, the Bas

45、que regions largest city, to personally direct the pre-dawn raids.Other arrests occurred near Bilbao, but also hundreds of miles to the west, in Pontevedra, in the Galicia region, and far to Spains south, in Malaga, in the Andalusia region, Rubalcaba said. He added there was no immediate evidence to

46、 suggest ETA had established bases in those regions, but it was under investigation.Suspected cell leader Goikoetxea has been on the run for five years, Spanish media reports said.Rubalcaba said authorities link Goikoetxea to attacks against three Civil Guard barracks, including the one in May, and

47、an attack against a Basque regional police station.In March 2006, ETA declared a permanent” unilateral cease-fire, raising hopes for an end to nearly 40 years of ETA violence. But an ETA bomb at Madrids airport in December 2006 killed two men and caused heavy damage, and the Socialist government imm

48、ediately ended the fledgling peace process.Yet ETA did not officially end its cease-fire until June 2007. Authorities suspect that the cell arrested Tuesday was behind many of the attacks since then.There are about 500 ETA convicts or suspects in Spanish jails and more than 100 more in French jails, authorities said.IV. Supplementary Guides or References1. Guide （1）: OmissionSchemes in西方修辞学辞格及用语详释（从莱庭等）apo koinou融合结构，融合句The occurrence of one and the same word or word group, not repeated, in two constructions （as three crows in there were three crows sat on a tree” 一 Websters