考研英语真题合集.docx

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1、2010年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the folbwing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)In 1924 Americas National Research Council sent two engineers to supervise a series of industrial experiments at a large te

2、lephone-parts factory called the Hawthorne Plant near Chicago. It hoped they would learn how stop-fbor lighting 大1家 workers productivity.Instead, the studies ended 大2家 giving their name to the Hawthorne effect*, the extremely influential idea that the very 大3家 to being experimented upon changed subj

3、ects* behaviorThe idea arose because of the 大4家 behavior of the women in the Hawthorne plant.According to 大5家 of the experiments, their hourly output rose when lighting was increased, but also when it was dimmed. It did not 大6家 what was done in the experiment;大7家 something was changed, productivity

4、rose. A(n)大8家 that they were being experimented upon seemed to be 大9家 to alter workers1 behavior 大10家 itself.After several decades, the same data were 大11家 to econometric the analysis. Hawthorne experiments has another surprise store 大12家 the descriptions on record, no systematic 大13家 was found that

5、 levels of productivity were related to changes in lighting.It turns out that peculiar way of conducting the experiments may be have let to 大14家 interpretation of what happed 大15家，lighting was always changed on a Sunday. When work started again on Monday, output 大16家 rose compared with the previous

6、Saturday and 大17家 to rise for the next couple of days.大18家，a comparison with data for weeks when there was no experimentation showed that output always went up on Monday, workers大9家 to be diligent for the first few days of the week in any case, before 大20家 aplateau and then slackening off. This sugg

7、ests that the alleged Hawthorne effect is hard to pin down.1.A affectedB achievedC extractedD restored2.A atB upC withD off3.A truthB sightC actD proof4.A controversial B perplexingC mischievousD ambiguous5.A requirementsB explanationsC accountsD assessments6.A concludeB matterC indicateD work7.A as

8、 far asB for fear thatC in case thatD so long as8.A awarenessB expectationC sentimentD illusion9.A suitableB excessiveC enoughDabundant10.A aboutB forC onD by11.A comparedB shownC subjectedD conveyed12.A contrary toB consistent withC parallel withD peculiar to13.A evidenceB guidanceC implicationDsou

9、rce14.A disputableB enlighteningC reliableD misleading15.A In contrastB For exampleC In consequenceD As usual16.A dulyB accidentallyC unpredictablyD suddenly17.A failedB ceasedC startedD continued20.A breakingB climbingC surpassingD hitting2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Rea

10、d the foltowing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)Research on animal intelligence always makes me wonder just how smart humans are.大1家 the fruitfly experiments described in Carl Zimmers piece in the Science Times on Tuesday. Frui

11、t flies who were taught to be smarter than the average fruit fly 大2家 to live shorter lives. This suggests that 大3家 bulbs burn longei; that there is an 大4家 in not being too terrifically bright.Intelligence, it 大5家 out, is a high-priced option. It takes more upkeep, burns more fuel and is slow 大6家 the

12、 starting line because it depends on learning - a gradual 大7家一instead of instinct. Plenty of other species are able to learn, and one of the things they*ve apparently learned is when to 大8家.Is there an adaptive value to 大9家 intelligence? Thats the question behind this new research. I like it. Instea

13、d of casting a wistful glance 大10家 at all the species we*ve left in the dust I.Q.-wise, it implicitly asks what the real 大家 of our own intelligence might be. This is 大12家 the mind of every animal l*ve ever met.Research on animal intelligence also makes me wonder what experiments animals would 大13家 o

14、n humans if they had the chance. Every cat with an ownei;大14家,is running a small-scale study in operant conditioning, we believe that 大15家 animals ran the labs, they would test us to 大16家 the limits of our patience, our faithfulness, our memory for terrain. They would try to decide what intelligence

15、 in humans is really 大1.家7, not merelyhow much of it there is._大18家,they would hope to study a 大19家 question: Are humans actually aware of the world they live in?大20家 the results are inconclusive.1.ASupposeB ConsiderC ObserveD Imagine2.A tendedB fearedChappenedD threatened3.A thinnerB stablerC light

16、erD dimmer4.A tendencyB advantageC inclinationD priority5.A insists onB sums upC turns outD puts forward6.A offB behindC overD abng7.A incredibleB spontaneousC inevitableD gradual8.A fightB doubtC stopD think9.A invisibleB limitedC indefiniteD different10.A upwardB forwardC afterwardD backward11.A f

17、eaturesB influencesC resultsD costs12.A outsideB onCbyD across13.A deliverB carryC performD apply14.A by chanceB in contrastC as usualD for instance15.A ifB unlessC asD lest16.A moderateB overcomeC determineD reach17.A atB forC afterD with18.A Above allB After allC HoweverD Otherwise19.A fundamental

18、B comprehensiveC equivalentD hostile20.A By accidentB In timeC So farD Better still1.B2.A3.D4.B5.C6.A7.D8.C9.B10.D11.D12. B13. C14.D15.A16.C17. B18. A19.A20.C2008年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the folbwing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B,

19、 C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The idea that some groups of people may be more intelligent than others is one of those hypotheses that dare not speak its name. But Gregory Cochran is 大1家 to say it anyway. He is that 大2家 bird, a scientist who works independently 大3家 any institution. He helped p

20、opularize the idea that some diseases not 大4家 thought to have a bacterial cause were actually infections, which aroused much controversy when it was first suggested.大5家 he, however; might tremble at the 大6家 of what he is about to do. Together with another two scientists, he is publishing a paper whi

21、ch not only 大7家 that one group of humanity is more intelligent than the others, but explains the process that has brought this about. The group in 大8家 are a particular people originated from central Europe. The process is natural selection.This group generally do well in IQ test,大9家12-15 points abov

22、e the 大10家 value of 100, and have contributed 大11家 to the intellectual and cultural life of the West, as the 大1.2家 of their elites, including several world-renowned scientists,大13家.They also suffer more often than most people from a number of nasty genetic diseases, such as breast cancer These facts

23、,大14家,have previously been thought unrelated. The former has been大15家 to social effects, such as a strong tradition of 大16家 education. The latter wasseen as a (an)大17家 of genetic isolation. Dr. Cochran suggests that the intelligence and diseases are intimately 大18家. His argument is that the unusual

24、history of these peoplehas 大9家 them to unique evolutionary pressures that have resulted in this 大20家 state of affairs.1.A selectedB preparedC obligedD pleased2.A uniqueB particularC specialD rare3.A ofB withC inD against4.A subsequentlyB presentlyC previouslyD lately5.A OnlyB SoC EvenD Hence6.A thou

25、ghtB sightC costD risk7.A advisesB suggestsC protestsD objects8.A progressB factC needD question9.A attainingB scoringC reachingD calculating10.A normalB commonC meanD total11.A unconsciouslyB disproportionatelyC indefinitelyD unaccountably12.A missionsB fortunesC interestsD careers13.A affirmB witn

26、essC observeD approve14.A moreoverB thereforeC howeverD meanwhile15.A given upB got overC carried onD put down16.A assessingB supervisingC administeringD valuing17.A devetopmentB originCconsequenceD instrument18.A linkedB integratedC wovenD combined1. B2. D3. A4. C5. C6. A7. B8. D9. B10. C11. B12. D

27、13. A14. C15. D16. D17. C18. A19. B20. A19. A limitedB subjectedC convertedD directed20. A paradoxicalB incompatibleC inevitableD continuous2007年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the folbwing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SH

28、EET 1.(10 points)By 1830 the former Spanish and Portuguese colonies had become independent nations. The roughly 20 million 大1家 of these nations boked 大2家 to the future. Born in the crisis of the ok! regime and Iberian Colonialism, many of the leaders of independence 大3家 the ideals of representative

29、government, careers 大4家 to talent, freedom of commerce and trade, the 大5家 to private property and a belief in the individual as the basis of society.大6家 there was a belief that the new nations should be sovereign and independent states, large enough to be economically viable and integrated by a 大7家

30、set of laws.On the issue of 大8家 of religion and the position of the church,大9家,there was less agreement 大0家 the leadership. Roman Catholicism had been the state religion and the only one 大家 by the Spanish crown.大2家 most leaders sought to maintain Catholicism 大13家 the official religion of the new sta

31、tes, some sought to end the 大14家 of other faiths. The defense of the Church became a rallying 大15家 for the conservative forces.The ideals of the early leaders of independence were often egalitarian, valuing equality of everything. Bolivar had received aid from Haiti and had 大16家 in return to abolish

32、 slavery in the areas he liberated. By 1854 slavery had been abolished everywhere except Spain/s 大17家 colonies. Early promises to end Indian tribute and taxes on people of mixed origin came much 大18家 because the new nations still needed the revenue such policies大19家. Egalitarian sentiments were ofte

33、n tempered by fears that the mass of the population was 大20家 self-rule and democracy.1. A nativesB inhabitantsC peoplesD individuak2. A confusedly B cheerfully C worriedly D hopefully3. A sharedB forgot C attainedD rejected4. A relatedB cbse Copen Ddevoted5. A accessB successionC rightD return6. A P

34、resumably B Incidentally C Obviously D Generally7. A uniqueB commonC particularD typical8. A freedomB originC impactD reform9. A thereforeB howeverC indeedD moreover10. A withB aboutC amongD by11. A albwedB preachedC grantedD funded12. A SinceB IfC UnlessD While13. A asB forC underD against14. A spr

35、eadB interferenceC exclusionD influence15. A supportB cryC pleaD wish16. A urgedB intendedC expectedD promised17. A controllingB formerC remainingD original18. A sbwerB fasterC easierD tougher19. A createdB producedC contributedD preferred20. A puzzled byB hostile toC pessimistic aboutD unprepared f

36、or1.B2.D3.A4.C5.C6.D7.B8.A9.B10.C11.A12.D13. A14.C15.B16.D17. C18. A19.B20.D2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section IUse of EnglishDirections:Read the folbwing text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A,B,C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1.(10 points)The homeless make up a growing percentage of Am

37、ericas population.大1家 homelessness has reached such proportions that local governments cant possibly 大2家. To help homeless people 大3家 independence, the federal government must support job training programs,大4家 the minimum wage, and fund more bw-cost housing.大5家 everyone agrees on the number of Ameri

38、cans who are homeless. Estimates 大6家 anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million.大7家 the figure may vary; analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is 大8家. One of the federal governments studies 大9家 that the number of the homeless will reach nearly 19 million by the end of this dec

39、ade.Finding ways to 大10家 this growing homeless population has become increasingly difficult.大11家 when homeless individuals manage to find a 大12家 that will give them three meals a day and a place to sleep at night, a good number still spend the bulk of each day 大13家 the street. Part of the problem is

40、 that many homeless adults are addicted to alcohol or drugs. And a significant number of the homeless have serious mental disorders. Many others,大14家 not addicted or mentally ill simply lack the everyday 大15家 skillsneeded to turn their lives 大16家. Boston Globe reporter Chris Reidy notes that the sit

41、uation will improve only when there are 大17家 programs that address the many needs of the homeless.大18家 Edward Ztotkowski, director of community service at Bentley College in Massachusetts,大19家 it,There has to be 大20家 of programs. Whats needed is a package deaL”1. A IndeedB LikewiseC ThereforeD Furth

42、ermore2. A standB copeC approveD retain3. A inB forC withD toward4. A raiseB addC takeD keep5. A generallyB almostC hardlyD not6. A coverB changeC rangeD differ7. A Now thatB AlthoughC ProvidedD Except that8. A inflatingB expandingC increasingD extending9. A predictsB displaysC provesD discovers10.

43、A assistB trackC sustainD dismiss11. A HenceB ButC EvenD Only12. A k)dgingB shelterC dwellingD house13. A searchingB strollingC crowdingD wandering14. A whenB onceC whileD whereas15. A lifeB existenceC survivalD maintenance16. A aroundB overC onD up17. A complexB comprehensiveC complementaryD compensating18. A SoB SinceC AsD Thus19. A putsB interpretsC assumesD makes20. A supervisionB manipulationC regulationD coordination1.A2.B3.D4.A5.D6.C7.B8.C9.A10.A11.C12.B13.D14.C15.C16.A17.B18.C19.A20.D2005年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Se